Aim To preliminarily evaluate the effects of hypobaric hypoxia on organism damage in rats with post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD),with a view to laying a foundation for drug research in plateau PTSD.Methods The rats were randomly divided into four groups,namely,the control(Control)group,the sin-gle-prolonged stress(SPS)group,the hypobaric hy-poxia(HH)group and the single-prolonged stress combined with hypobaric hypoxia(SPS+HH)group.The PTSD model was firstly constructed using the SPS method for rats in the SPS and SPS+HH groups.On the second day,rats in the HH group and SPS+HH group were placed in a low-pressure hypoxia chamber at a simulated altitude of 6000 m for 14 days.General condition,behavior,blood tests,and histomorphology were examined in order to evaluate the damage caused by low pressure hypoxia in PTSD rats.Results The body mass of rats in the SPS+HH group was signifi-cantly reduced;the feces were partly hard and lumpy,and some of them were seen to have high viscosity.Anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors were ob-served in all groups except in the control group,in which hypobaric hypoxia aggravated the behavioral ab-normalities in SPS rats.Rats in both the SPS and SPS+HH groups had coagulation dysfunction and abnor-mally increased blood viscosity,which was significantly abnormal in the SPS+HH group;erythrocytes,hemo-globin,and erythrocyte specific volume in whole blood of rats in the SPS+HH group were significantly in-creased compared with those of rats in the SPS group;and serum TP,LDH and GLU levels were abnormal in rats in the SPS+HH group.Dilated and congested blood vessels were seen in hippocampal tissue,conges-ted central veins were seen in hepatic tissue,and dilat-ed and congested liver sinusoids with mild granuloma-tous degeneration of hepatocytes were seen in rats of the SPS+HH group.Conclusion Hypobaric hypoxia exacerbates depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors in PTSD rats,as well as hematological indices and his-tomorphometric abnormalities in PTSD rats.

Objective:To understand the whole genome and genetic evolution characteristics of the first epidemic influenza A (H3N2) viruses in Wuxi from 2022-2023.Methods:Real time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR method was used to perform typing on respiratory samples of influenza cases. Virus isolation was performed on samples with positive nucleic acid of subtype A H3N2 influenza virus detected. After cell culture, nucleic acid was extracted from strains with red blood cell agglutination test (HA) ≥ 1∶8, whole genome sequence was amplified, library was constructed, and computer sequencing was performed using MiSeq sequencer. Using NC_007366.1 as reference strain, the data were analyzed using CLC Genomics Workbench (Version 23) software. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA 7.0 software, and the N-glycosylation sites were predicted by NetNGlyc 1.0 Server software.Results:The nucleotide homology and amino acid homology among 35 strains of influenza A H3N2 virus from 2022 to 2023 were 96.4%-100% and 95.2%-100%, respectively. The 16 epidemic strains in 2022 belong to the 3C.2a1b.2a.1a evolutionary branch, while the 19 epidemic strains in 2023 belong to the 3C.2a1b.2a.2a.3a.1 evolutionary branch. There are 7 differences in the nucleotide sequence of the HA gene between the 2022 epidemic strain and the corresponding vaccine strain, sharing 15 mutation sites; There are 28 differences in the nucleotide sequence of the HA gene between the 2023 epidemic strain and the corresponding vaccine strain, sharing 17 mutation sites. The HA genes of 35 epidemic strains all lack N-glycosylation site 61: NSS, while in 2023, the HA genes of 19 epidemic strains added N-glycosylation site 110: NSS.Conclusions:The HA and NA genes of influenza A H3N2 virus in 2022 and 2023 belong to two evolutionary branches, respectively, and both show specific amino acid site changes compared to the corresponding vaccine strains. The antigen matching between the 2022 epidemic strain and the vaccine strain is relatively good, while there is a risk of low antigen matching between the 2023 epidemic strain and the vaccine strain.

Objective To explore the effectiveness and safety of percutaneous coronary artery shock wave balloon angioplasty(IVL)under the guidance of intravascular ultrasound(IVUS)for the treatment of severe calcification lesions in the left main artery(LM).Methods A total of 26 patients with severe LM(mouth,body,bifurcation)calcification admitted to Jiangnan University Affiliated Hospital from October 2022 to April 2024 were included,with an average age of 72.0(61.8,75.4)years.Under the guidance of IVUS,IVL was used for pre-treatment of calcified lesions,followed by percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)with stent/drug balloon implantation.All patients were evaluated using IVUS before and after the use of IVL and after PCI.And compare the IVUS intracavity related data before and after treatment[plaque burden(PB)、minimum lumen area(MLA)、minimum lumen diameter(MLD)]and calcification fracture number,minimum stent area(MSA),stent expansion coefficient(expansion,EXP),etc.Results There were 26 patients(2 with opening lesions,7 with body lesions,and 17 with bifurcation lesions at the end of the main trunk),including 7 with stable angina pectoris(SAP),10 with unstable angina(UA),4 with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI),and 5 with non ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI).The PB at the most severe site of calcification decreased by 79.50(76.00,83.75)％compared to 80.00(76.00,83.75)％after IVL(P=0.001),MLA increased by 3.39(3.14,3.68)mm2 compared to 3.38(3.14,3.67)mm2 after IVL(P=0.039),MLD increased by 3.21(3.07,3.30)mm compared to 3.20(3.07,3.30)mm after IVL(P=0.024),and there was 100％calcification rupture(1/2 cases,2/9 cases,≥3/15 cases).The stent/drug ball was successfully implanted 100％,with EXP of(89.15±4.42)％and an MSA of 7.20(6.46,7.45)mm2.No adverse events such as death,angina or recurrent myocardial infarction occurred during the 3 months follow-up after surgery.Conclusions After evaluation by IVUS and pre-treatment with IVL,PCI was successfully completed for severe calcification lesions in LM,and IVL can be used as an option for the treatment of severe calcification in LM.

Objective:To explore the influence of central obesity on the risk of breast cancer and the possible role of dietary factors in its prevention.Methods:This study is a case-control study including a total of 212 participants, of whom 63 were with breast cancer, 71 were with breast nodules, and 80 were healthy controls. We used bioelectrical impedance analysis to measure body composition,and adopted the food frequency questionnaire to investigate dietary intake of participants.Results:The visceral adipose tissue ( OR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.003 to 1.077) and trunk fat mass ( OR=1.470, 95% CI: 1.104 to 2.184) were independently associated with the increased risk of breast cancer. Dietary patterns characterized by low dietary intake of beans and dairy products ( OR=1.300, 95% CI: 1.044 to 1.619) and high intake of cereals and red meat ( OR=2.254, 95% CI: 1.705 to 2.982) will increase the risk of breast cancer. Moreover, high meat intake ( β=0.268, 95% CI: 0.034 to 0.503) would advance the accumulation of visceral fat, while high bean intake ( β=-0.485, 95% CI: -0.865 to -0.104) would inhibit. Conclusions:Central obesity is an independent risk factor for breast cancer. Insufficient intake of beans and excessive intake of red meat are identified as factors that can exacerbate central obesity in breast cancer patients.

The transmission cycle of echinococcosis was established in 1853.More than 160 years have elapsed since Iceland initiated control measures to break the transmission cycle of echinococcosis in 1863.Control plans have been implemented in more than a dozen countries/territories,and lessons have been learned from failures as well as successes.In this review,we fo-cus on the failure experiences,which have also promoted successes in the control of cystic echinococcosis(caused by the para-site Echinococcus granulosus)in regions including Iceland,New Zealand,Uruguay,Wales(England),Turkana(Kenya),and Sardinia(Italy).The causes of the failures were analyzed,and the effects of health education,dog deworming,and con-trol measures for infected animal slaughter on echinococcosis control are comprehensively summarized.However,no suc-cessful experience has been reported in the control of alveolar echinococcosis(caused by the parasite Echinococcus multilocu-laris).On the basis of the biological characteristics of E.mul-tilocularis parasitization in dogs for a duration of 30 days and larvae parasitization in rodents,the fundamental measure for controlling alveolar echinococcosis is administration of monthly deworming treatments to dogs in high prevalence areas.

Objective:To establish the absorption and elution test for relatively quantitive obtaining anti-A and anti-B blood group IgG antibodies in the plasma of O-type RhD-positive pregnant women.Methods:95 cases of the O-type RhD-positive pregnant women plasma samples were randomly selected for obtaining the IgG antibodies of anti-A and anti-B blood group,with absorption test under 37 ℃ and elution test under 56 ℃,and the IgG anti-A and anti-B antibody titers of plasma and elution were determined by the microcolumn gel anti-human globulin test.The differences and correlation between the titers of IgG antibodies in the eluent and plasma were compared and analyzed.Results:After a logarithmic transformation(Log2),there was no statistically difference between IgG antibody anti-A difference value and anti-B difference value in the eluent and plasma(P＞0.05).The titer of IgG antibody in the eluent was positively correlated with the titer of IgG antibody in the plasma(r=0.914).The linear equation for IgG antibody titers fitted by a scatter plot between the eluent and plasma was Y=-3.55+0.96X.Conclusion:The absorption and elution test can be used to obtain the anti-A and anti-B IgG antibodies in the plasma of O-type RhD-positive pregnant women,whose plasma origin IgG titer is greater than 8.Meanwhile,the acquisition of anti-A antibodies was as effective as anti-B antibodies at the same time,and the antibodies obtained are positive proportional to their respective concentrations in the plasma.

Objective:To investigate the expression of kinase-like gene CT10 regulatory fac-tor(CRKL)in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)and its effect on the proliferation and invasion of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells.Methods:qRT-PCR detected CRKL transcription in ICC pa-tient tissues and adjacent tissues.Immunohistochemistry assessed CRKL expression in ICC tissues and adjacent tissues,and analyzed its relationship with clinicopathological features.For the inhibition of CRKL expression in QBC939 cells by siRNA technology,the effect of CRKL silencing on AKT and ERK signaling pathway was measured by Western blot.CRKL's influence on QBC939 cell prolifera-tion and invasion was analyzed by MTT,clonogenesis,and Transwell assays.Results:The expres-sion of CRKL in ICC tissues was up-regulated,and there were statistically significant differences in CRKL expression in ICC with different clinicopathological features such as tumor size,lymph node metastasis and TNM stage.Cellular experiments showed a significant decrease in the phosphoryla-tion of AKT and ERK upon inhibition of CRKL,and the proliferation and invasion ability of ICC cells was significantly diminished(P＜0.05).Conclusion:CRKL promotes ICC cell proliferation and invasion through AKT and ERK pathways,offering new molecular targets and directions for targeted therapy.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 2 endoscopic spine surgeries on the biomechanical properties of normal and osteoporotic spines. Methods: Based on computed tomography images of a healthy adult volunteer, 6 finite element models were created. After validating the normal intact model, a concentrated force of 400 N and a moment of 7.5 Nm were exerted on the upper surface of L3 to simulate 6 physiological activities of the spine. Five types of indices were used to assess the biomechanical properties of the 6 models, range of motion (ROM), maximum displacement value, intervertebral disc stress, maximum stress value, and articular protrusion stress, and by combining them with finite element stress cloud. Results: In normal and osteoporotic spines, there was no meaningful change in ROM or disc stress in the 2 surgical models for the 6 motion states. Model N1 (osteoporotic percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy model) showed a decrease in maximum displacement value of 20.28% in right lateral bending. Model M2 (unilateral biportal endoscopic model) increased maximum displacement values of 16.88% and 17.82% during left and right lateral bending, respectively. The maximum stress value of L4–5 increased by 11.72% for model M2 during left rotation. In addition, using the same surgical approach, ROM, maximum displacement values, disc stress, and maximum stress values were more significant in the osteoporotic model than in the normal model. Conclusion In both normal and osteoporotic spines, both surgical approaches were less disruptive to the physiologic structure of the spine. Furthermore, using the same endoscopic spine surgery, normal spine biomechanical properties are superior to osteoporotic spines.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of home pulmonary rehabilitation for lung transplant re-cipients,so as to provide a basis for the construction of targeted intervention for home rehabilitation.Methods From August to November 2023,the purposive sampling was used to select 20 cases of lung transplant recipients for semi-structured interviews.Data was analyzed by traditional content analysis method based on capability,opportunity,and motivation-behavior model.Results Facilitators of rehabilitation behavior included opportunity factors(rehabilitation management of transplant center,multiple social support),motivational factors(perceived benefits,high self-efficacy,strong motivation,strong sense of responsibility,and good exercise habits).Barriers of rehabilitation behavior included ability factors(physical dysfunction,lack of knowledge),opportunity factors(poor rehabilitation environment,heavy eco-nomic burden),motivational factors(fear of exercise,uncomfortable activity experience,and lack of rehabilitation self-discipline).Conclusion The influencing factors of home pulmonary rehabilitation in lung transplant recipients are complex.Medical staff should take targeted measures to promote home rehabilitation to improve the exercise ability,quality of life,and clinical outcomes.

Objective:To compare the localization accuracy of interictal 18F-FDG and 18F-flumazenil (FMZ) PET/CT imaging for focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 22 patients (12 males, 10 females; age 8-36 years) with pathologically confirmed FCD who underwent surgical resection at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from July 2021 to June 2023. All patients underwent 18F-FDG and 18F-FMZ PET/CT scans before surgery. Surgical pathological diagnosis was used as the gold standard. Visual scoring was used to analyze the images. The accuracy of the two imaging methods in the localization of FCD was compared, and subgroup analysis (FCD Ⅱa, FCD Ⅱb) of different pathological type was further performed. Paired- t test, χ2 test or Fisher′s exact test was used to analyze the data. Results:The visual score of 18F-FMZ PET/CT was higher than that of 18F-FDG (3.00±0.82 vs 2.27±0.92; t=4.17, P=0.020). The accuracy of interictal 18F-FMZ PET/CT was 77.27%(17/22), which was higher than that of 18F-FDG PET/CT (36.36%, 8/22; χ2=7.50, P=0.006). Subgroup analysis showed that within the cohort of patients diagnosed with FCD Ⅱa ( n=18), 18F-FMZ PET/CT outperformed 18F-FDG in terms of accuracy for localization (15/18 vs 6/18; P=0.006). Conclusion:Compared to 18F-FDG, 18F-FMZ PET/CT demonstrates clearer and more accurate identification of lesion borders, and exhibits higher precision, which provides valuable guidance for preoperative localization.