Objective To validate the Union Physio-Psycho-Social Assessment Questionnaire(UPPSAQ-70)and test its validity and reliability.Methods From April,2013 to July,2018,patients were asked to finish the computer evaluation of UPPSAQ-70 and Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)in Peking Union Medical College Hospital(PUMCH).Confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)was conducted on the SPSS 17.0,and the number of fixed factors was 8 factors and 3 factors.Amos 23.0 was used to verify the original 8-factor model,8-factor revision model,3-factor model,3-factor revision model,and single-factor model.Each factor of SCL-90 was used as the calibration standard to calculate the correlation coefficient between factors.The retest reliability was tested by the outpatients in PUMCH in July,2018.Results Exploratory factor analysis indicated that the 8-factor revised model included:depression,anxiety and fatigue,sleep,physical discomfort,sexual function,happiness and satisfaction,hypochondria,and social anxiety.The 3 factors revised model included that:psychological,physiological and social dimension.Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the 8-factor modified model was superior to the 3-factor model and the single-factor model: =10 410.4,=1862,RMSEA=0.07,CFI=0.753,and NFI=0.715.With SCL-90 as the standard criteria,except the low correlation coefficient between emotional scale and depression(=0.600)and anxiety(=0.520),the correlation coefficients of other symptoms were below 0.5.The chronbach's between each factor and total score of UPPSAQ-70 was between 0.823 and 0.904,and the Chronbach's coefficient of the whole scale was between 0.954 and 0.956 after each item was deleted.The retest reliability of the scale of 32 participants Chronbach's was 0.847.Each item of the scale measured between one week was significantly correlated(<0.05). Conclusion UPPSAQ-70 is a good scale for evaluating overall health status and is especially feasible in general hospitals.
Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Humans ; Psychological Tests ; standards ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires

INTRODUCTIONAn accurate assessment of peer victimisation (i.e. bullying) is a necessary precondition for research and intervention. Most assessment instruments use the 'list of acts' measurement strategy, which does not account for the actual physical and psychological damage inflicted by bullying. To resolve this limitation, this study developed a peer victimisation scale (PVS) that includes harmful consequences for judgement and measurement of peer victimisation.

METHODSThe PVS is a 40-item self-report questionnaire designed to assess the four aspects of peer victimisation: physical, verbal, relational, and interference and control. A total of 1,469 Grade 3-8 students (49.9% male) were recruited to test the psychometric properties of the PVS. Another 420 Grade 3-8 students were examined by a modified PVS supplemented with a semi-structured interview for scale validation and establishment of the cut-off points for severe bullying. Incidence, age and gender distribution of peer victimisation were also analysed.

RESULTSThe PVS demonstrated good internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.73-0.83) and test-retest reliability two weeks later (correlation coefficient [r] = 0.71-0.80). The scores for each dimension were significantly and positively correlated with the scores from the questionnaire-interview sample (r = 0.73-0.78), and modestly correlated with the scores for symptoms of anxiety and depression (r = 0.36-0.54).

CONCLUSIONThe results were consistent with the measurement constructs, demonstrating that the PVS is a reliable and effective instrument for assessing peer victimisation in children. It may enable more reliable longitudinal studies assessing the impact of peer victimisation to be conducted.

Behavior Therapy ; methods ; Bullying ; prevention & control ; Child ; Depression ; diagnosis ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Peer Group ; Psychometrics ; methods ; standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Social Behavior ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of the Korean version of the Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) questionnaire and to validate this questionnaire in terms of psychometric properties in patients with chronic pain due to degenerative spinal disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Korean version of the DN4 questionnaire, which was translated and linguistically validated by the MAPI Research Group, was tested on 83 patients with lumbar or lumbar-radicular pain. Test-retest reliability was evaluated in a subsample of 40 patients who completed two assessments with an interval of 2 weeks. Nociceptive pain and neuropathic component pain were diagnosed in 40 and 43 patients, respectively. RESULTS: The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of internal consistency was 0.819, and the test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient (3, 1) (95% confidence interval) was 0.813 (0.776-0.847) (n=40). The area under the receiver-operator characteristics curve was 0.953 (p<0.001), with 95% confidence interval between 0.869 and 0.990. The Korean version of the DN4 questionnaire showed a sensitivity of 100% and 87.1%, and a specificity of 88.2% and 94.1% at the cutoff value of 3/10 and 4/10, respectively, for discriminating neuropathic component pain. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated the good discriminatory power of DN4 between nociceptive pain and neuropathic component pain in patients with lumbar or lumbar-radicular pain.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chronic Pain/*diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuralgia/*diagnosis ; Pain Measurement/*methods ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Surveys and Questionnaires/*standards ; Translating

PURPOSE: This study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Self-Efficacy of Evidence-Based Practice (SE-EBP) scale, which was originally developed by Chang and Crowe. The beta-version of the SE-EBP is a modified version of the original SE-EBP, which measures the clinical nurses' confidence in finding, appraising, and implementing evidence into practice. Although the original SE-EBP has been validated, no study has been conducted to validate the Korean version of SE-EBP. METHODS: The original scale was translated into Korean through a process of forward and back translation of the original scale. After getting confirmation of the equivalence of the Korean forward translation by the original author, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis of data from 212 clinical nurses were used to test construct validity. Internal consistency was examined using Cronbach α coefficients. For the statistical analysis, STATA version 13.0 software program was used. RESULTS: Exploratory factor analysis of the 28 items revealed three factors with eigenvalues above 1, accounting for 60.2% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit of the three-factor structure which was statistically significant (χ2 = 718.61, df = 330, p < .01). For internal consistency, Cronbach a coefficient for the total scalewas .95, and itwas greater than .80 for each of the three subscales. CONCLUSIONS: The Korean version of SE-EBP scale showed evidence of adequate construct validity and reliability. This study might have contributed to a wider application of the SE-EBP scale, but further studies are needed to provide more evidence on the structure of the scale.
Adult ; Aged ; Evidence-Based Nursing/*standards ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nurses/*standards ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Republic of Korea ; Self Efficacy ; Surveys and Questionnaires/*standards ; Translations ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: To examine the psychometric properties of a Turkish version of the Diabetes Fear of Injecting and Self-testing Questionnaire (D-FISQ). METHODS: Forward-backward translation of the D-FISQ from English into Turkish was conducted. Original English and translated forms were examined by a panel group. Validity was investigated using content, confirmatory factor analysis, and divergent validity. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach α values, item-total correlations, and intraclass correlations. The sample comprised 350 patients with diabetes. Data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 for Windows and LISREL 8. RESULTS: The content validity index for the panel members was .90, which indicated perfect content validity; items in D-FISQ were clear, concise, readable, and distinct. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the original construct of the D-FISQ. All items had factor loadings higher than the recommended level of .40. The D-FISQ scores were discriminated by the level of anxiety. Reliability results were also satisfactory. Cronbach α values were within ideal limits. Item-total correlation coefficient ranged from .72 to .86. In terms of test-retest reliability, intraclass correlation coefficient was found to be over .90. CONCLUSIONS: D-FISQ is a valid and reliable questionnaire in assessing needle-prick fear among Turkish patients with diabetes. We recommend performing the Turkish D-FISQ in determining and screening patients with diabetes who have fear related to self-insulin injection and finger-prick test. Thus, health care professionals should be aware of the potential consequences of injection fear such as insulin misuse and poor self-monitoring of blood glucose, which may have unfavorable effects on optimal diabetes management.
Anxiety/etiology ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring/psychology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy/*psychology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy/*psychology ; *Fear ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage ; Injections/psychology ; Insulin/administration & dosage ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Self Care/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires/standards ; Translations ; Turkey

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Dutch Objective Burden Inventory (DOBI) for the Turkish society. METHODS: This is a descriptive, methodological study. The sample was composed of 230 heart failure patients' caregivers. RESULTS: The DOBI was translated using translation and back-translation. The translated Turkish version was submitted to eight experts who analyzed it for its content validity. Scores from the experts were evaluated using the Kendall W analysis, and no statistically significant difference was found among the scores (Kendall W = .13, p = .338). In the confirmatory factor analysis, factor loading was found to be between 0.75 and 1.00 for all subscales. Thus, the DOBI demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (the components displayed alpha scores from .96 to .99), good test-retest reliability (no statistically significant differences were found, p > .050). CONCLUSIONS: The Turkish version of the DOBI scale is a valid and reliable tool for the Turkish population. It can be used in nursing practices and research.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Caregivers/*psychology ; Female ; Heart Failure/*nursing/psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Psychometrics/*standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; *Stress, Psychological ; Turkey

PURPOSE: Asian immigrant and Asian American women are less likely to use oral contraceptives (OCs) and tend to rely on low-efficacy methods of contraception. This contraceptive pattern remains poorly understood, in part, because no theory-driven measurement exists to assess psychosocial determinants essential in explaining behaviors related to OC use in this population. The current study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of a measure of attitudes and subjective norms toward OC use among Korean American women as a first step to determine whether the measure can be used in this population and, potentially, in other Asian ethnic groups. METHODS: The sample consisted of 329 Korean immigrant women living in New York City. The theory of reasoned action guided the development of the measure assessing attitudes and norms. Psychometric evaluation included item analysis, internal consistency estimates of reliability, and construct validity (i.e., factorial, discriminant, and predictive). RESULTS: All item-total correlations were above the recommendation of .30. The Cronbach's alpha for the attitudes and subjective norms measure was .88 and .86, respectively. Exploratory factor analyses revealed four interpretable factors, and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed that the factor structures derived from the exploratory factor analyses fit the data well. Discriminant and predictive validity of the measure were also established. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides support for the validity and reliability of the measure and its use for determining the degree to which Korean immigrant women intend to use OCs.
Adolescent ; Adult ; *Contraceptives, Oral ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Emigrants and Immigrants/psychology ; Female ; *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; *Intention ; Korea/ethnology ; Middle Aged ; New York City ; Psychometrics/*methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires/*standards ; Young Adult

Psychosocial problems increase the risk for mental health problems and increase the need for health care services in children and adolescents. Primary care practice is a valuable avenue for identifying the need for more specialized mental health care. We hypothesized that Korean version of the pediatric symptom checklist (PSC) would be a useful tool for early detection of psychosocial problems in children and adolescents in Korea and we aimed to suggest cut-off scores for detecting meaningful psychosocial problems. A total of 397 children with their parents and 97 child patients with their parents were asked to complete the PSC Korean version and the child behavior checklist (CBCL). The internal reliability and test-retest reliability of the PSC as well as the cut-off score of the PSC was determined via receiver operating characteristic analysis of the CBCL score, clinical group scores and non-clinical group scores. The internal consistency of the PSC-Korean version was excellent (Cronbach's alpha = 0.95). The test-retest reliability was r = 0.73 (P < 0.001). Using clinical CBCL scores (total score, externalizing score, internalizing score, respectively > or = 60) and presence of clinical diagnosis, the recommended cut-off score of the PSC was 14. Using 494 Korean children aged 7-12 yr, the current study assessed the reliability and validity of a Korean version of the PSC and suggested a cut-off for recommending further clinical assessment. The present results suggest that the Korean version of the PSC has good internal consistency and validity using the standard of CBCL scores.
Checklist/methods/*standards ; Child ; Child Behavior Disorders/*diagnosis/*psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening/standards ; Pediatrics/*standards ; Population ; Psychometrics/methods/*standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Republic of Korea ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Surveys and Questionnaires/standards ; Symptom Assessment/methods/*standards ; Translating ; United States

PURPOSE: The aim of this research was to adapt the Sun Protection Behavior Scale (SPBS) to Turkish and to perform validity and reliability analyses. METHODS: The scale was administered to a total of 900 adolescents, the retest to 91 adolescents. The construct validity of the scale was evaluated using exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The EFA and CFA were applied to sample groups of 449 and 451 people, respectively. RESULTS: The Cronbach alpha coefficients for the Turkish form of the SPBS (alpha = .74) and its sunscreen (alpha = .88) and hat use (alpha = .70) subscales were found to be > or =.70 while the sun avoidance subscale was calculated to be .67. The item-total score correlation between the scale and its subscales was > or =.26 and the test-retest correlations were found to be > or =.51. The CFA results verified the 8-item, 3-factor Turkish version of the SPBS. The confirmatory factor loadings for the scale were .45-.80 for sun avoidance, .72-.93 for sunscreen use, and .66-.83 for hat use. In particular, SPBS and sunscreen use (p < .001) exhibited significantly high mean scores among girls and economically better backgrounds (p = .007, p < .001, respectively). In addition, SPBS (p = .004) and hat use (p < .001) revealed that the mean scores were significantly high in younger adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: The SPBS was found to be valid and reliable and its psychometric characteristics acceptable. The scale can be used to measure the behavior of Turkish adolescent populations with respect to sun protection.
Adolescent ; Child ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; *Health Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Psychometrics/*methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sunscreening Agents/*therapeutic use ; Surveys and Questionnaires/*standards ; Turkey

PURPOSE: The present study was conducted to develop a mild vascular cognitive impairment (MVCI) assessment tool for patients with stroke and to examine its validity, reliability, and clinical adequacy. METHODS: Items of this tool were developed based on previously verified cognitive assessment tools. Face, content, and criterion (concurrent) validities, optimal cut-off score for differentiation of MVCI and normal cognitive function, clinical adequacy, internal consistency, and inter-rater reliability of the assessment tool were determined in 60 stroke patients at a university hospital located in Incheon, South Korea. RESULTS: The devised MVCI assessment tool contains 20 items which were designed to assess seven cognitive domains: orientation, memory, language, attention, reasoning/abstraction, visuospatial perception, and executive function/problem solving. Content, face, and construct validities were well supported. Clinical adequacy testing revealed that the overall probability of correctly discriminating MVCI using the MVCI assessment tool for stroke was 90.0%, which was statistically significant. Furthermore, a score of 23 was found to be the optimal cut-off score for MVCI. Internal consistency and inter-rater reliability were also well supported. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study indicate that the developed MVCI assessment tool for stroke could serve as a clinically useful tool for detecting MVCI and for properly assessing degree of cognitive impairment in stroke patients.
Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Mild Cognitive Impairment/complications/diagnosis ; Neuropsychological Tests/*standards ; Psychometrics/*methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Republic of Korea ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stroke/*complications