OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare clinical and surgical outcomes of robotic single-site hysterectomy (RSSH) and robot-assisted multiport hysterectomy (RH) in benign disease. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 38 women who underwent RSSH (N=12) or RH (N=26) for the treatment of benign uterine disease between June 2015 and November 2017. RESULTS: There were no intergroup differences in parity, comorbidities, and number of previous abdominal surgery. Mean age was older (49.5±5.05 years vs. 44.4±3.54 years, P=0.001) and mean body mass index was higher (27.4±2.47 kg/m2 vs. 25.3±3.12 kg/m2, P=0.045) in RSSH group than RH group. Surgical outcomes, including operative time (165.0 minutes vs. 159.2 minutes, P=0.727), estimated blood loss (115.8±33.15 mL vs. 108.1±56.42 mL, P=0.662), uterus weight (445.9±157.21 g vs. 374.5±197.91 g, P=0.291), postoperative hospital stay (5.4±0.51 days vs. 5.8±1.20 days, P=0.289), postoperative hemoglobin change in day 1 (1.8±0.89 g/dL vs. 1.4±1.53 g/dL, P=0.431) and day 3 (2.1±1.32 g/dL vs. 1.7±1.83 g/dL, P=0.601), and perioperative complications did not significantly differ between two groups. The use of additional analgesics after 6 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours, and mean NRS score after 6 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours were not significantly different between two groups. CONCLUSION: RSSH might be an effective and safe alternative to RH, even if in older and/or obese women with large uteri.
Analgesics ; Body Mass Index ; Comorbidity ; Female ; Genital Diseases, Female* ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Length of Stay ; Medical Records ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Operative Time ; Parity ; Retrospective Studies* ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; Uterine Diseases ; Uterus

No abstract available.
Epithelioid Cells* ; Lung* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Uterus*

OBJECTIVE: Notch is known as a transmembranous receptor family with four homologous forms - Notch 1, Notch 2, Notch 3, and Notch 4 and related to cell fate regulation and angiogenesis. The purpose is to investigate the effect of follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) on the Notch 1 expression and proliferation in ovarian cancer cells. METHODS: Human ovarian cancer cell line, SK-OV-3 and FSH were used. XTT cell proliferation and cell migration assay were carried out with FSH 100 mIU/mL and Notch 1 siRNA. Western blots and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) were carried out to determine the expression level of the Notch 1 protein and mRNA with FSH treatment in 0, 1, 5, 10, 100, 200, 300 mIU/mL concentrations. Immunofluorescent (IF) stains were performed in SK-OV-3 cell cultures with FSH 100 mIU/mL. Student-t tests were used in statistical analyses. RESULTS: The SK-OV-3 have Notch 1 receptors in their natural status. FSH stimulated SK-OV-3 cells in XTT cell proliferation and cell migration assays and notch 1 siRNA inhibited. The expression level of Notch 1 protein and mRNA were increased in a dose dependent pattern according to FSH concentrations compared to untreated cells. IF stains also showed brighter Notch1 expressions in the FSH treated cells compared to the control cells. CONCLUSION: FSH enhances proliferation & migration and Notch 1 signaling in SK-OV-3 cells. The Notch signaling probably supports one of the cell proliferating mechanisms of FSH in ovarian cancer cells.
Blotting, Western ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Line ; Cell Migration Assays ; Cell Proliferation ; Coloring Agents ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering

About 20~30% of benign or malignant tumors of ovarian origin arise from embryonic cells, and only 3% represent malignancy. But under age of 20, 70% of ovarian tumors arise from embryonic cells, and over 1/3 of them are malignant tumors. Over all the ovarian tumors arising from embryonic cells, immature teratoma is germ cell tumor, components include immature tissues and cells derived from ectoderm, mesoderm, and endomermal origins. Most of the immature tissues are from neuroectodermal origins. The immature teratoma of the ovary is a rare tumor, representing less than 1% of all ovarian neoplasm. These tumors typically present in young age woman (mean age 10~20 years) with pelvic and abdominal pain. Nowadays newly developed combination chemotherapeutic agents such as bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin give us great survival and disease free prognosis than before. We have experienced two cases of immature teratoma so we report them with a brief review of concerned literatures.
Abdominal Pain ; Bleomycin ; Cisplatin ; Ectoderm ; Etoposide ; Female ; Humans ; Mesoderm ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; Neural Plate ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Ovary ; Prognosis ; Teratoma

Pelvic actinomycosis is an infrequent chronic suppurative granulomatous disease, caused by a gram-positive bands Actinomyces israelii. It is often reported as a complicated case of an intrauterine device (IUD). Ureteral obstruction and subsequent hydronephrosis are rare complications of pelvic inflammatory disease. Sometimes pelvic actinomyosis is simulating ovarian malignancy. We report a case combined with hydronephrosis, multiple pelvic lymph nodes enlargements and elevated CA 125 as complications of pelvic actinomycosis.
Actinomyces ; Actinomycosis ; Female ; Hydronephrosis ; Intrauterine Devices ; Lymph Nodes ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Ureteral Obstruction

Pelvic actinomycosis is an infrequent chronic suppurative granulomatous disease, caused by a gram-positive bands Actinomyces israelii. It is often reported as a complicated case of an intrauterine device (IUD). Ureteral obstruction and subsequent hydronephrosis are rare complications of pelvic inflammatory disease. Sometimes pelvic actinomyosis is simulating ovarian malignancy. We report a case combined with hydronephrosis, multiple pelvic lymph nodes enlargements and elevated CA 125 as complications of pelvic actinomycosis.
Actinomyces ; Actinomycosis ; Female ; Hydronephrosis ; Intrauterine Devices ; Lymph Nodes ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Ureteral Obstruction

OBJECTIVE: The study was designed to ascertain a proper method of early diagnosis and treatment of ectopic pregnancy by analyzing its clinical and epidemiological characteristics. METHODS: The medical records of patients who were diagnosed to ectopic pregnancy at Hallym medical center during the period from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2007 have been reviewed. RESULTS: The incidence of ectopic pregnancy was 7.3% (1,067) out of 14,519 deliveries. The most frequent age group was 26~30 (29.5%). Risk factors they had were previous histories of abdominal or pelvic surgery (37.0%), artificial abortion (30.8%), pelvic inflammatory disease (12%), and tubal sterilization (9.6%). Most frequent clinical symptoms were amenorrhea (88.7%), lower abdominal pain (81.2%), and vaginal spotting (60.0%). Percentage of patients with hemoglobin level over 10.0 gm/dL was 79% and below 8.0 gm/dL 3.9%. The clinical symptoms of ectopic pregnancy most commonly occurred after 6~8 weeks from last menstrual period (47%). Ectopic gestation was implanted on the fallopian tube in 89%, cornus in 7.2%, ovary in 1.1% and the cervix in 2.7%. Laparosopic surgeries were performed in 755 cases (71.6%) and laparotomies in 273 cases (25.9%) and dilatation and curettages in 26 cases (2.5%). Salpingectomy was performed most frequently (82.4%). Methotrexate (MTX) treatment was successful in 13 cases (1.21%). CONCLUSION: The early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy is most useful when serum beta-hCG and vaginal sonography are used together. Laparoscopy would be a preferred method because of its short hospitalization period and low complication rate compared with laparotomy in ectopic pregnancy treatment.
Abdominal Pain ; Amenorrhea ; Cervix Uteri ; Cornus ; Curettage ; Dilatation ; Early Diagnosis ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Hemoglobins ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Medical Records ; Methotrexate ; Metrorrhagia ; Ovary ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Risk Factors ; Salpingectomy ; Sterilization, Tubal

Meigs' syndrome is a benign ovarian tumor associated with ascites and pleural effusion. Elevated CA 125 in Meigs'syndrome is unusual clinical condition reported in few cases. We report here, a 49-year-old postmenopausal woman with right ovarian fibrothecoma with ascites, right pleural effusion and high serum levels of CA 125. Although postmenopausal women with ovarian tumor, ascites, pleural effusion, and elevation of CA 125 levels probably have malignant ovarian tumors, Meigs' syndrome must be considered in the differential diagnosis.
Ascites ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Meigs Syndrome ; Middle Aged ; Ovary ; Pleural Effusion

In epithelial ovarian cancer, solitary metastasis to mesentary is rare in the absence of apparent disease in other sites. We experienced one patient who developed isolated, solitary mesenteric metastasis of epithelial ovarian adenocarcinoma and underwent segmental resection of small bowel including mesentary to remove the recurrent disease. Rising CA125 heralded the recurrence and the patient was subsequently documented by computed tomography (CT) and PET-CT of the abdomen and pelvis with a high signal density noted only in the mesentery. There was no major postoperative complicathion. Solitary recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer can occur in the absence of other demomstrable metastasis, so we report with brief review of literature.
Abdomen ; Adenocarcinoma ; Humans ; Mesentery ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ovarian Neoplasms* ; Pelvis ; Recurrence*

The synchronous existence of endometrial cancer and cervical cancer is very rare. The reported frequency of concurrent gynecologic neoplasms has ranged from 0.7% to 4.3%, synchronous primary tumors of the female genital tract are relatively rare, comprising only 0.49% to 1.7% of all genital neoplasms. The majority of synchronous multiple primary neoplasm of female reproductive tract are of endometrial and ovarian origin. Multiple primary neoplams involving uterine cervix and endometrium were regarded as rare entity. We experienced a rare case of multiple primary neoplasm involving uterine cervix and endometrium and report with brief review of literatures.
Cervix Uteri ; Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Endometrium ; Female ; Genital Neoplasms, Female ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*