Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women around the world, and it is also a common cause of death in female patients with malignant tumors in China, which seriously harms women's health. At present, with the application of comprehensive treatment approaches, breast cancer has become one of the most effective solid tumors. Platinum drugs are widely used in malignant tumors, and they are also commonly used as effective chemotherapeutic drugs for breast cancer. To regulate the application of platinum drugs in breast cancer, the experts from Breast Cancer Group, Branch of Oncologist, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, discuss and approve the "Guidelines for clinical application of platinum drugs in breast cancer (2023 edition)" . This guideline is developed from the "Expert consensus on the clinical application of platinums in advanced breast cancer (2020 version)" , which is updated from the latest evidence based on breast cancer at home and abroad, for platinum drugs in breast cancer clinical use, application scheme, efficacy analysis and treatment of adverse effects. This guideline aims to guide clinicians to use drugs rationally, and to further standardize the diagnosis and treatment.
Female ; Humans ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology* ; Platinum/therapeutic use* ; Consensus ; China

Bevacizumab, an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, has significantly improved the clinical outcomes of patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC (ns-NSCLC). However, the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab for elderly patients with advanced NSCLC require further investigation. Thus, 59 patients were included in the present retrospective study, 22 patients in the bevacizumab plus pemetrexed and platinum (B + PP) group, and 37 patients in the pemetrexed and platinum (PP) group. For the entire cohort of patients, the median OS was 33.3 months, and the 1-year and 2-year overall survival rates were 88.5% and 67.8%, respectively. The median OS and 1-year and 2-year OS rates were 20.5 months, 70.3% and 0%, respectively, in the B + PP group and 33.4 months, 97.0% and 89.4%, respectively, in the PP group (P < 0.001). The incidence of grade ⩾ 3 adverse events was higher in the B + PP group than in the PP group (27.3% vs. 10.8%, respectively; P = 0.204). Univariate and multivariate analyses suggested that the receipt of ⩾ 5 cycles of first-line chemotherapy was an independent favorable prognostic factor for OS, whereas the addition of bevacizumab was an unfavorable prognostic factor. With increased toxicities, the addition of bevacizumab to PP does not improve the overall survival of elderly patients with advanced ns-NSCLC.
Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects* ; Bevacizumab/adverse effects* ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Pemetrexed/adverse effects* ; Platinum/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive disease arising from pleural mesothelial cells. Advanced pleural mesothelioma has a poor prognosis, with a median survival of no more than 15 months. First line standard chemotherapy regimen recommended is Pemetrexed based chemotherapy regimen, with or without bevacizumab. There is no consensus on whether patients who have received first-line standard chemotherapy can benefit from pemetrexed maintenance chemotherapy. The study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed maintenance therapy (PMT) after treatment with a pemetrexed and platinum regimen for patients with MPM. METHODS: A total of 40 MPM patients were collected from Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2013 to January 2018, eligible patients were unresectable MPM, without disease progression following 4 to 6 cycles of pemetrexed and platinum, including pemetrexed maintenance therapy group (22 cases) and observation group (18 cases). The last follow-up was conducted in January 2020. The primary endpoint were progression free survival (PFS), and the secondary end points were overall survival (OS), the efficacy, adverse reactions of PMT. RESULTS: The median PFS in the PMT arm was longer than that in the observation arm (8.5 mon vs 3 mon, P=0.008), but there was no significant difference in median OS (26.4 mon vs 15.7 mon, P=0.177). Objective response rate (ORR) of two group were 22.7% and 0%, respectively. The grade 3-4 toxicity in PMT group included grade 4 neutropenia in 1 patient (4.5%), grade 3 neutropenia in 1 patient (4.5%), grade 4 anemia in 1 patient (4.5%) and grade 3 nausea and anorexia in 1 patient (4.5%). CONCLUSIONS Pemetrexed maintenance therapy following initial pemetrexed and platinum chemotherapy improve PFS in patients with MPM, and is well tolerated.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects* ; Cisplatin/therapeutic use* ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Mesothelioma/drug therapy* ; Mesothelioma, Malignant ; Neutropenia ; Pemetrexed/therapeutic use* ; Platinum/therapeutic use* ; Pleural Neoplasms/drug therapy*

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is prone to recurrence and metastasis, which is the subtype of poorest prognosis. Chemotherapy is the main treatment, although there is lack of effective adjuvant chemotherapy regimens. The unsatisfactory efficacy of chemotherapy has been a bottleneck in improving the outcome of TNBC. Platinum compounds act directly on DNA to kill tumor cells, and they have a stronger killing effect on tumor cells carrying DNA damage repair (DDR) defects, which is an important entry point to improve the efficacy of TNBC. Biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of platinum drugs in TNBC treatment have always been a hot topic. The DDR pathway contains a large number of related genes, and recent studies have shown that deficiencies in the DDR pathway may be associated with the efficacy of platinum drugs, which is expected to be a biomarker for predicting the efficacy of platinum drugs in breast cancer treatment.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; DNA Damage ; DNA Repair ; Humans ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Platinum/therapeutic use* ; Platinum Compounds/therapeutic use* ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics*

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has shown promising results in patients with locally advanced penile cancer. However, no consensus exists on its applications for locally advanced penile cancer. Thus, it is unclear which kind of chemotherapy regimen is the best choice. Consequently, a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE was performed in March 2021 to assess the efficacy and safety of NAC for the treatment of patients with locally advanced penile cancer. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the risk of bias in each study. This study synthesized 14 published studies. The study revealed that patients who achieved an objective response to NAC obtained a better survival outcome compared with those who did not achieve an objective response. In addition, the objective response rates (ORRs) and pathological complete response (pCR) rates were 0.57 and 0.11, respectively. The incidence of grade ≥3 toxicity was 0.36. Subgroup analysis found that the ORR and pCR of the taxane-platinum (TP) regimen group performed better than those of the nontaxane-platinum (NTP) regimen group (0.57 vs 0.54 and 0.14 vs 0.07, respectively). Moreover, the TP regimen group had more frequent toxicity than the NTP regimen group (0.41 vs 0.26). However, further studies were warranted to confirm the findings.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Humans ; Male ; Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods* ; Penile Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Platinum ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is one of the driver genes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Several studies have shown that the efficacy of pemetrexed in HER2-mutant NSCLC is controversial. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of pemetrexed combined with platinum chemotherapy in patients with HER2-mutant and HER2 wild-type lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS: The clinical data of 106 cases of EGFR, ALK, ROS-1, KRAS, BRAF, RET and MET-negative patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients who diagnosed by histopathology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively reviewed. The relationships between HER2 gene status, clinical characteristics and response and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed. RESULTS: All of the 106 patients' HER2 status were determined. HER2 mutations occurred in 32 cases (30.2%), no mutations in 74 cases (69.8%). HER2 mutations were common in young, non-smoking and female patients. All patients received first-line pemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy. The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) of patients with HER2-mutant lung adenocarcinoma were significantly higher than those without HER2 mutations (40.6% vs 14.9%, χ²=8.464, P=0.004; 93.8% vs 68.9%, χ²=6.327, P=0.012), and the difference was statistically significant. According to univariate analysis, the PFS was significantly associated with the brain metastases, maintenance chemotherapy and HER2 gene status (P<0.05), but not with age, gender, smoking history, oligometastases, liver metastases and type of platinum (P>0.05). Cox multivariate analysis indicated that HER2 mutation was an independent positive prognostic factor of PFS (P=0.038). CONCLUSIONS HER2-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients with first-line pemetrexed combined with platinum chemotherapy have greater clinical benefit than HER2 wild-type patients.
Adenocarcinoma of Lung ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Genes, erbB-2 ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Pemetrexed ; therapeutic use ; Platinum ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

To systemically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Cinobufacini Injection in combination with platinum-contained first-line chemotherapy for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). The randomized controlled trials(RCT) about the Cinobufacini in combination with platinum-contained first-line chemotherapy(versus chemotherapy alone) were collected through PubMed,Cochrane library,CNKI,VIP,CBM,and Wan Fang Database from database inception to December 2018. Two researchers extracted data and assessed the literature quality separately,and made a Meta-analysis by using Rev Man 5. 3 software. Twenty-seven RCTs were included in the present review,involving 2 125 patients,1 082 in treatment group and 1 043 in control group. The Meta-analysis results showed that as compared with chemotherapy alone,the combination of Cinobufacini and platinum-contained first-line chemotherapy could enhance one year survival rate(RR = 1. 34,95%CI[1. 17,1. 55],P< 0. 01),two year survival rate(RR = 1. 84,95% CI[1. 31,2. 59],P<0. 01),objective tumor response rate(RR = 1. 47,95%CI[1. 33,1. 63],P<0. 01); improve the quality of life for patients(RR =1. 54,95%CI[1. 37,1. 72],P < 0. 01); and reduce the incidences of WBC toxicity(RR = 0. 63,95% CI[0. 49,0. 80],P < 0. 01),platelet toxicity(RR = 0. 54,95%CI[0. 35,0. 84],P<0. 01),gastrointestinal reactions(RR = 0. 60,95%CI[0. 45,0. 80],P<0. 05),pain(RR = 1. 68,95% CI[1. 38,2. 03],P< 0. 01),and hair loss reaction(RR = 0. 76,95% CI[0. 59,0. 98],P < 0. 05). The results showed that for the treatment of NSCLC,the addition of cinofacini to conventional platinum-contained chemotherapy can increase the long-term and short-term efficacy of chemotherapy,improve the quality of life for patients,and reduce the side effects of platinumbased chemotherapy drugs. However,more high quality and large-scale randomized controlled trials are required to verify this conclusion in the future.
Amphibian Venoms/therapeutic use* ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Male ; Platinum/chemistry* ; Quality of Life

Platinum drugs are widely used in the treatment of various solid tumors, but their resistance to platinum is the most significant obstacle to successful treatment. Copper transporter 1 (CTR1) is the specific transporter for copper, and it mainly locates at the plasma membrane and plays a role in pumping copper into the cell. CTR1 is also the major platinum influx transporter and plays a key role in platinum resistance. The expression, polymorphism, and degradation of CTR1 affect platinum resistance in tumors. Therefore, CTR1 may be a potential predictive biomarker of platinum resistance and a therapeutic target for overcoming platinum resistance.
Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Cation Transport Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cisplatin ; therapeutic use ; Copper ; Copper Transporter 1 ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Platinum ; therapeutic use ; Research ; trends

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine combined with ifosfamide (GI regimen)in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma after failure of platinum-based chemotherapy.

METHODSThe clinical data of 27 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients, who received GI regimen between April 2005 and March 2014 after failure of prior platinum-based chemotherapy, were retrospectively reviewed,and relevant prognostic factors were explored.

RESULTSAll patients were evaluable for efficacy and toxicity. No patient achieved complete response (CR). Partial response (PR) was achieved in ten patients, stable disease (SD) in thirteen patients, progressive disease (PD) in four patients, with a response rate of 37.0% and an overall disease control rate (PR+SD) of 85.2%. For ten PR patients, the median duration of response was 5.5 months. The median progression-free survival of the whole group was 6.7 months, and the Kaplan-Meier estimate of median overall survival was 17.4 months. The 1-year survival rate was 72.6%. Toxicity was mainly hematological: Grade III or IV anemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were found in 3.7%, 37.0% and 18.5% of all patients, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that dose intensity of gemcitabine was a significant prognostic factor for PFS, whereas salvage treatment after failure of GI regimen was a significant prognostic factor for OS.

CONCLUSIONSGemcitabine and ifosfamide combination is effective and well tolerated by patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma pretreated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Further clinical study is warranted.

Anemia ; chemically induced ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma ; Deoxycytidine ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; Disease-Free Survival ; Humans ; Ifosfamide ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Induction Chemotherapy ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; mortality ; pathology ; Neutropenia ; chemically induced ; Platinum ; therapeutic use ; Remission Induction ; Salvage Therapy ; Survival Rate ; Thrombocytopenia ; chemically induced ; Treatment Failure

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the eukaryotic initiation factor 3a (eIF3a)polymorphisms and chemo-sensitivity to platinum-based drug in ovarian cancer.
 METHODS: Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis was performed to detect 57 cases of eIF3a polymorphic genotypes (rs3824830, rs77382849, rs10787899 and rs3740556) after platinum-based chemotherapy drugs up to 6 cycles in primary ovarian cancer. The association between these gene sites was analyzed.
 RESULTS: There were 3 genotypes for eIF3a rs3824830, named AA, GA and GG. The frequency distribution for them was 43.86%, 36.84% and 15.79% (2 cases did not detect the genotype, 3.51%), respectively. There were 2 genotypes for eIF3a rs77382849, named CC and TC. The frequency distribution for them was 85.96% and 12.28%(1 case did not detect the genotype, 1.76%), respectively. There were 3 genotypes for eIF3a rs10787899, named GG, GA and AA, respectively. The frequency distribution for them was 26.32%, 47.36% and 26.32%, respectively. There were significant difference in different genotypes between age group and FIGO stage (P<0.05). The genotype of eIF3a rs10787899 GA was easier to resist platinum drug compared with the GG genotype and the odds ratio could be increased by 2.676 (95%CI: 0.544-13.159). The genotype of eIF3a rs10787899 AA was easier to resist platinum drug compared with the GG genotype and the odds ratio could be increased by 5.419(95%CI: 0.964-30.471). Rebalanced by age and FIGO stage, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) among these genotype groups. In all blood samples, there was only one genotype for eIF3a rs3740556, named GG.
 CONCLUSION There is no mutation genotype in eIF3a rs3740556 loci. Polymorphism in the eIF3a rs3824830, rs77382849 and rs10787899 doesn't affect the response of ovarian cancer to platinum-based chemotherapy.
Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3 ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Mutation ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Platinum ; therapeutic use ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization