Plant-derived natural products have long been a vital source for developing therapeutic drugs. Wedelolactone (WDL), a coumestan isolated from Eclipta prostrata, Wedelia calendulacea, Wedelia chinensis, and Sphagneticola trilobata, demonstrates a broad spectrum of therapeutic potential, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-myotoxic, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, and tissue-protective activities. This review synthesizes information on the isolation, total synthesis, pharmacological activity, underlying mechanisms, and pharmacokinetic properties of WDL. Additionally, it offers insights into potential clinical applications and future drug discovery avenues utilizing WDL or its derivatives, either independently or in combination with other pharmaceuticals.
Coumarins/isolation & purification* ; Humans ; Animals ; Biological Products/chemical synthesis* ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts/chemical synthesis* ; Wedelia/chemistry* ; Eclipta/chemistry*

Two novel skeleton sesquiterpenoids (1 and 6), along with four new iphionane-type sesquiterpenes (2-5) and six new cyperane-type sesquiterpenes (7-11), were isolated from the whole plant of Artemisia hedinii (A. hedinii). The two novel skeleton compounds (1 and 6) were derived from the decarbonization of iphionane and cyperane-type sesquiterpenes, respectively. Their structures were elucidated through a comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data, including high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) and 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. The absolute configurations were determined using electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analyses, time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) ECD calculation, density functional theory (DFT) NMR calculations, and biomimetic syntheses. The biomimetic syntheses of the two novel skeletons (1 and 6) were inspired by potential biogenetic pathways, utilizing a predominant eudesmane-type sesquiterpene (A) in A. hedinii as the substrate. All compounds were evaluated in LX-2 cells for their anti-hepatic fibrosis activity. Compounds 2, 8, and 10 exhibited significant activity in downregulating the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), a protein involved in hepatic fibrosis.
Artemisia/chemistry* ; Sesquiterpenes/chemical synthesis* ; Molecular Structure ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis/genetics* ; Biomimetics ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology*

Dogwood fruits are a valuable source of active ingredients, such as phenolic compounds, vitamin C, iridoids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. Plant extracts and substances derived from latin Cornus mas L. exhibit not only strong antibacterial but also antioxidant and tonicity properties, effectively preventing the development of inflammation in living organisms. In the present study, we attempted to obtain the innovative, multi-functional plant extract from the fruit of dogwood (Cornus mas L.). During the extraction process a mixture of water, glycerol, and vegetable oil were used as an extractant. The usage of such mixtures of solvents enabled us to extract a variety of active substances, soluble in both water and oils. The obtained extracts were analyzed for their physicochemical and biochemical properties, in order to apply the extract in a body nutrient lotion. The results clearly showed that such extract could be an innovative and multi-functional raw material used in cosmetics industry.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Antioxidants ; analysis ; Child ; Cornus ; chemistry ; Cosmetics ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Emulsions ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Female ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Humans ; Irritants ; analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenols ; analysis ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Young Adult

Taxus canadensis distributed mainly in North America, such as northern Minnesota, Newfoundland, south to Wisconsin and Pennsylvania. Its composition has been shown to be very different from other species, and in recent years, some new skeletons also have been found in Canada yew. Through analysis of the taxanes content on various Taxus plants containing taxanes, the results showed a higher content of taxol in T. canadensis. Based on the current research on T. canadensis (from the research results of the author in recent years, as well as from studies of scholars in the field), the paper outlined the research progress in recent years on the chemical constituents of taxane of T. canadensis and the spectral characteristics of various types of compounds. Besides, this paper analyzed the present research about solutions for the taxol drug source crisis.
Animals ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Taxoids ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Taxus ; chemistry

To synthesize and characterize a novel metal complex of Mn (II) with emodin, and evaluate its anti-cancer activity. The elemental analyses, IR, UV-vis, atomic absorption spectroscopy, TG-DSC, (1)H NMR, and (13)C NMR data were used to characterize the structure of the complex. The cytotoxicity of the complex against the human cancer cell lines HepG2, HeLa, MCF-7, B16, and MDA-MB-231 was tested by the MTT assay and flow cytometry. Emodin was coordinated with Mn(II) through the 9-C=O and 1-OH, and the general formula of the complex was Mn(II) (emodin)2·2H2O. In studies of the cytotoxicity, the complex exhibited significant activity, and the IC50 values of the complex against five cancer cell lines improved approximately three-fold compared with those of emodin. The complex could induce cell morphological changes, decrease the percentage of viability, and induce G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. The coordination of emodin with Mn(II) can improve its anticancer activity, and the complex Mn(II) (emodin)2·2H2O could be studied further as a promising anticancer drug.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Emodin ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; HeLa Cells ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Manganese ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Melanoma, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Molecular Structure ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Polygonaceae ; chemistry

To synthesize a series of 3-, 4-, and/or 11-trihydroxy modified bergenin derivatives and evaluated their cytotoxic activity in vitro. The phenolic hydroxyl groups of bergenin were protected by benzyl groups with benzyl bromide. Treatment of dibenzyl bergenin with the corresponding acid in the presence of EDC·HCl and DMAP in CH2Cl2, followed by hydrogenation over Pd/C catalysts, afforded derivatives of bergenin esters. All of the target compounds were identified by IR, MS, and (1)H NMR. Twenty-six novel and three known derivatives of bergenin esters were synthesized. Their cytotoxicity values were evaluated by the MTT assay on the inhibition of DU-145 and BGC-823 cells in vitro. Several triply-substituted (3a, 4a, 5a, 6a, 7a) and doubly-substituted (8b, 9b) bergenin derivatives exhibited higher cytotoxic activity than bergenin. The result showed that the size of substituents and the lipophilicity of the bergenin esters displayed an important role on their cytotoxic activity.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Benzopyrans ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dipterocarpaceae ; chemistry ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Structure ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Structure-Activity Relationship

Hypericin is one of the most important phenanthoperylene quinones extracted mainly from plants of the genus Hypericum belonging to the sections Euhypericum and Campylosporus of Keller's classification. Widespread attention to the antiviral and anti-tumor properties of hypericin has spurred investigations of the chemical synthesis and biosynthesis of this unique compound. However, the synthetic strategies are challenging for organic and biological chemists. In this review, specific significant advances in total synthesis, semi-synthesis, and biosynthesis in the past decades are summarized.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; Antiviral Agents ; Humans ; Hypericum ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Perylene ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; biosynthesis ; chemical synthesis

OBJECTIVETo synthesize silver nanopaticles from leaves extract of Eucalyptus chapmaniana (E. chapmaniana) and test the antimicrobial of the nanoparticles against different pathogenic bacteria, yeast and its toxicity against human acute promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cell line.

METHODSTen milliliter of leaves extract was mixed with 90 mL of 0.01 mmol/mL or 0.02 mmol/mL aqueous AgNO3 and exposed to sun light for 1 h. A change from yellowish to reddish brown color was observed. Characterization using UV-vis spectrophotometery and X-ray diffraction analysis were performed. Antimicrobial activity against six microorganisms was tested using well diffusion method and cytoxicity test using 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a yellow tetrazole was obtained on the human leukemia cell line (HL-60).

RESULTSUV-vis spectral analysis showed silver surface plasmon resonance band at 413 nm. X-ray diffraction showed that the particles were crystalline in nature with face centered cubic structure of the bulk silver with broad beaks at 38.50° and 44.76°. The synthesized silver nanoparticles efficiently inhibited various pathogenic organisms and reduced viability of the HL-60 cells in a dose-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONSIt has been demonstrated that the extract of E. chapmaniana leaves are capable of producing silver nanoparticles extracellularly and the Ag nanoparticles are quite stable in solution. Further studies are needed to fully characterize the toxicity and the mechanisms involved with the antimicrobial and anticancer activity of these particles.

Anti-Infective Agents ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; toxicity ; Bacteria ; drug effects ; Candida albicans ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Eucalyptus ; chemistry ; Humans ; Metal Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; toxicity ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Silver ; pharmacology ; toxicity

Salidroside, one of the active components of Rhodiola plants, is a phenolic glycoside with significant biological activities. The investigation and development of alternative production approaches of salidroside is of high academic and application values due to the limited resource of Rhodiola plants, and from which the low yield of salidroside. This review summarized the research progress and perspective of the alternative production approaches of salidroside including both chemosynthetic and biosynthetic methods and pathways.
Biosynthetic Pathways ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Crassulaceae ; metabolism ; Glucosides ; biosynthesis ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Phenols ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; biosynthesis ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry

Neokotalanol, a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor isolated from Salacia reticulata, was synthesized through a key coupling reaction between a perbenzylated thiosugar and an appropriately protected perseitol triflate derived from D-mannose. This key step was found to be quite temperature dependent, and a simultaneous cyclization of the triflate leading to a characteristic 2,4,7-trioxabicyclo[4.2.1]nonane system was detected.
Enzyme Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors ; Plant Extracts ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Salacia ; chemistry