Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the association between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and reflux esophagitis (RE).Methods:This cross-sectional study retrospectively analyzed 218 patients diagnosed with OSAHS by polysomnography (PSG) and who also had undergone gastroscopy at the First People′s Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2021 to December 2021. The cohort comprised 91 males and 127 females, aged from 19 to 78 years (40.7±13.2). Clinical data, PSG parameters, and gastroscopy findings were collected. The prevalence of RE among OSAHS patients was calculated, potential risk factors for RE were evaluated. Differences in PSG parameters between patients with and without RE were analyzed. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 26.0.Results:The prevalence of RE in OSAHS patients was 20.6% (45/218). Males had a significantly higher RE prevalence than females (31.9% vs. 12.6%, χ2=12.02, P<0.05). The difference remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors (34.9% vs. 11.1%, χ2=10.08, P<0.05). No significant variation in RE prevalence was observed across age groups. However, after adjusting for confounding factors, a significant difference was found between overweight and obese BMI groups (12.5% vs. 29.2%, χ2=4.04, P<0.05). When stratified by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) severity, RE prevalence increased progressively in mild (7.1%), moderate (18.8%), and severe (30.1%) groups, with statistically significant differences ( χ2=11.45, P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between RE and male sex, AHI, longest apnea time (LAT), and time spent with oxygen saturation below 90% (TS90%) ( rs=0.24, 0.18, 0.17, 0.14, respectively, P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that identified male sex was the primary independent predictor of RE. Patients with RE exhibited higher AHI, TS90%, and LAT compared to those without RE ( P<0.05) .Conclusion:This single-center hospital-based study revealed a relatively high prevalence of reflux esophagitis (20.6%) among patients with OSAHS. Male sex was identified as the main independent factor associated with RE. Furthermore, RE prevalence increased with greater AHI, BMI, LAT and TS90%.

Insomnia is a prevalent disorder characterized by difficulties in falling asleep or maintaining sleep.Chronic insomnia can severely impair physical and mental health,as well as quality of life.The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theory,"all the eleven zang organs depend on the gallbladder,"is derived from the chapter of Discussion on Six-Plus-Six System and the Manifestations of Organs of Plain Questions.It highlights the pivotal role of the gallbladder in maintaining visceral function.The gallbladder governs decision-making and plays a central role in sleep regulation by modulating spleen-stomach transportation and transformation,dispersing qi movement throughout the body,harmonizing yin and yang,and modulating ying and wei systems.Research has demonstrated that bile acids correspond closely with the gallbladder's TCM functions of"governing the earth zang"and"regulating the eleven zang organs,"serving as a crucial material basis for gallbladder physiology.Dysregulation of bile acid metabolism may contribute to insomnia through multiple pathways,including gastrointestinal dysfunction,disruption of gut microbiota balance,induction of neuroinflammation,and circadian rhythm disturbances.This study proposes that bile acid metabolism disorder may constitute a key pathological mechanism linking gallbladder dysfunction—according to TCM theory—to insomnia.Based on clinical experience,novel therapeutic strategies are proposed under the framework of"regulating the gallbladder to tranquilize mind",including the use of gallbladder-related materials,prioritized application of liver-regulating herbs,and implementation of a sleep rhythm reconstruction protocol.

Insomnia is a prevalent disorder characterized by difficulties in falling asleep or maintaining sleep.Chronic insomnia can severely impair physical and mental health,as well as quality of life.The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theory,"all the eleven zang organs depend on the gallbladder,"is derived from the chapter of Discussion on Six-Plus-Six System and the Manifestations of Organs of Plain Questions.It highlights the pivotal role of the gallbladder in maintaining visceral function.The gallbladder governs decision-making and plays a central role in sleep regulation by modulating spleen-stomach transportation and transformation,dispersing qi movement throughout the body,harmonizing yin and yang,and modulating ying and wei systems.Research has demonstrated that bile acids correspond closely with the gallbladder's TCM functions of"governing the earth zang"and"regulating the eleven zang organs,"serving as a crucial material basis for gallbladder physiology.Dysregulation of bile acid metabolism may contribute to insomnia through multiple pathways,including gastrointestinal dysfunction,disruption of gut microbiota balance,induction of neuroinflammation,and circadian rhythm disturbances.This study proposes that bile acid metabolism disorder may constitute a key pathological mechanism linking gallbladder dysfunction—according to TCM theory—to insomnia.Based on clinical experience,novel therapeutic strategies are proposed under the framework of"regulating the gallbladder to tranquilize mind",including the use of gallbladder-related materials,prioritized application of liver-regulating herbs,and implementation of a sleep rhythm reconstruction protocol.

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the association between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and reflux esophagitis (RE).Methods:This cross-sectional study retrospectively analyzed 218 patients diagnosed with OSAHS by polysomnography (PSG) and who also had undergone gastroscopy at the First People′s Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2021 to December 2021. The cohort comprised 91 males and 127 females, aged from 19 to 78 years (40.7±13.2). Clinical data, PSG parameters, and gastroscopy findings were collected. The prevalence of RE among OSAHS patients was calculated, potential risk factors for RE were evaluated. Differences in PSG parameters between patients with and without RE were analyzed. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 26.0.Results:The prevalence of RE in OSAHS patients was 20.6% (45/218). Males had a significantly higher RE prevalence than females (31.9% vs. 12.6%, χ2=12.02, P<0.05). The difference remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors (34.9% vs. 11.1%, χ2=10.08, P<0.05). No significant variation in RE prevalence was observed across age groups. However, after adjusting for confounding factors, a significant difference was found between overweight and obese BMI groups (12.5% vs. 29.2%, χ2=4.04, P<0.05). When stratified by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) severity, RE prevalence increased progressively in mild (7.1%), moderate (18.8%), and severe (30.1%) groups, with statistically significant differences ( χ2=11.45, P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between RE and male sex, AHI, longest apnea time (LAT), and time spent with oxygen saturation below 90% (TS90%) ( rs=0.24, 0.18, 0.17, 0.14, respectively, P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that identified male sex was the primary independent predictor of RE. Patients with RE exhibited higher AHI, TS90%, and LAT compared to those without RE ( P<0.05) .Conclusion:This single-center hospital-based study revealed a relatively high prevalence of reflux esophagitis (20.6%) among patients with OSAHS. Male sex was identified as the main independent factor associated with RE. Furthermore, RE prevalence increased with greater AHI, BMI, LAT and TS90%.

Bariatric and metabolic surgery is an effective treatment for obesity and metabolic syndrome with definite results. In recent years, bariatric and metabolic surgery has developed rapidly, and the surgical indications and procedures have gradually matured. At the same time, the complications have also been widely discussed, including those specific to bariatric metabolic surgery and the risks common to gastrointestinal surgery, of which gastrointestinal leak is one of the most important and serious complications, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. This paper will review the mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnostic strategies, prevention, and treatment advances related to gastrointestinal leak after bariatric metabolic surgery based on the two major procedures that cause gastrointestinal leak, namely, staple line leak after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy leak after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Objective To establish a comprehensive evaluation indexing system to appraise the implications of prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS ,and to calculate the weight of each indicator .Methods Based on the idea of performance and input-out-put ,professional consultation ,and Delphi method was determined as the evaluation index system ,analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was used to calculate the weight value for each indicator .Results The evaluation indexing system had been established af-ter three rounds of professional consultation .It contained two 1st class indicators ,six 2nd class indicators and thirty-one in 3rd class indicators .The weight value of each indicator was calculated .Conclusion The evaluation indexing system that has been established and the weight value quantities are of completeness ,practicality ,operability and logic .They have important value for application in the future .

Objective　To diagnose the pre-symptomatic cases of Chinese Wilson's disease(WD) and detect the potential carriers by using fluorescence PCR technique. Methods　Screening the high frequency spot Arg778Leu of WD gene mutation in 66 Chinese WD patients, 55 healthy family members and 30 controls, and selecting 3 random samples (2 from WD patients, 1 from controls) for DNA sequencing to testify the accuracy of fluorescence PCR. Results　Among 66 Chinese WD cases, 5 were found homozygous for mutation of Arg778Leu and 21 were compound heterozygous; the gene mutation rate was totally 39.4%.Out of 55 healthy family members, 12 were found heterozygous, and it was confirmed that 11 of these 12 individuals were WD gene carriers but not pre-symptomatic patients. The results of direct DNA sequencing consisted with those results detected by fluorescence PCR. Conclusion　The Arg778Leu mutation in exon 8 is the high frequency spot of Chinese Wilson's disease gene. Fluorescence PCR analysis is a rapid, accurate gene diagnostic method and demonstrates a high detecting rate.