OBJECTIVE To investigate the apoptosis-inducing effect of esculetin （Esc） on acute myeloid leukemia （AML） HL-60 cells by regulating the protein kinase B （AKT）/S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 （SKP2）/MutT homolog 1 （MTH1） pathway. METHODS AML HL-60 cells were randomly divided into control group （routine culture）， Esc low-concentration group （L-Esc group， 25 μmol/L Esc）， Esc medium-concentration group （M-Esc group， 50 μmol/L Esc）， Esc high-concentration group （H-Esc group， 100 μmol/L Esc）， and high-concentration of Esc+ SC79 （AKT agonist） group （100 μmol/L Esc+5 μmol/L SC79）. Cell proliferation in each group was detected by MTT assay and colony formation assay. The level of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in cells was measured by using the CM-H2DCFDA fluorescent probe. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blot assay was performed to detect the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins [B-cell lymphoma 2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， cleaved caspase-3]， AKT/SKP2/MTH1 pathway-related proteins （p-AKT， AKT， SKP2， MTH1）， along with the upstream and downstream proteins of AKT phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）， cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 （P21） and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B （P27）. RESULTS Compared with control group， the cell viability， colony number， and the phosphorylation levels of AKT and PI3K proteins as well as protein expressions of SKP2， MTH1 and Bcl-2 were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）， while ROS level， apoptosis rate， and the expression levels of Bax， cleaved caspase-3， P21 and P27 proteins were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. Moreover， the effects of Esc exhibited concentration-dependence （P＜0.05）. Compared with H-Esc group， above indexes of high-concentration of Esc+ SC79 group were reversed significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Esc may promote massive ROS production and induce activation of apoptosis in HL-60 cells by inhibiting the AKT/SKP2/MTH1 pathway， thus inhibiting the proliferation of HL-60 cells.

BackgroundPrenatal depression has an important impact on maternal health and pregnancy outcomes. Previous studies have shown that maternal prenatal depression is associated with social support， and social support is related to fear of childbirth. However， there is limited research on the relationship among maternal prenatal depression， social support and fear of childbirth， and no studies have specifically explored the influence of social support and fear of childbirth on prenatal depression in primiparous women. ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of prenatal depression among primiparous women， and to analyze the correlation between social support and fear of childbirth， and to further explore the influence of social support and fear of childbirth on prenatal depression in this population， so as to provide references for improving their mental health. MethodsA total of 380 primiparous women admitted to the inpatient department of Chengdu Wenjiang District People's Hospital from December 2022 to September 2023 were enrolled as study subjects. A self-made questionnaire， Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale （EPDS）， Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） and Childbirth Attitudes Questionnaire （CAQ） were used to conduct the survey. Pearson correlation analysis was employed to examine the relationships between scale scores. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify influencing factors of prenatal depression. ResultsA total of 380 questionnaires were distributed， with 372 （97.89%） valid responses collected. Among the participants， 222 cases （59.68%） were identified with prenatal depression. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that EPDS score was negatively correlated with SSRS score （r=-0.283， P<0.01） and positively correlated with CAQ score （r=0.341， P<0.01）. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that social support （β=-0.166， P<0.01） and fear of childbirth （β=0.269， P<0.01） were influencing factors of prenatal depression in primiparous women. ConclusionThe prevalence of prenatal depression among primiparous women is concerning， with depression levels showing significant associations with both social support and fear of childbirth.

Dormant tumor cells constitute a population of cancer cells that reside in a non-proliferative or low-proliferative state, typically arrested in the G0/G1 phase and exhibiting minimal mitotic activity. These cells are commonly observed across multiple cancer types, including breast, lung, and ovarian cancers, and represent a central cellular component of minimal residual disease (MRD) following surgical resection of the primary tumor. Dormant cells are closely associated with long-term clinical latency and late-stage relapse. Due to their quiescent nature, dormant cells are intrinsically resistant to conventional therapies—such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy—that preferentially target rapidly dividing cells. In addition, they display enhanced anti-apoptotic capacity and immune evasion, rendering them particularly difficult to eradicate. More critically, in response to microenvironmental changes or activation of specific signaling pathways, dormant cells can re-enter the cell cycle and initiate metastatic outgrowth or tumor recurrence. This ability to escape dormancy underscores their clinical threat and positions their effective detection and elimination as a major challenge in contemporary cancer treatment. Hypoxia, a hallmark of the solid tumor microenvironment, has been widely recognized as a potent inducer of tumor cell dormancy. However, the molecular mechanisms by which tumor cells sense and respond to hypoxic stress—initiating the transition into dormancy—remain poorly defined. In particular, the lack of a systems-level understanding of the dynamic and multifactorial regulatory landscape has impeded the identification of actionable targets and constrained the development of effective therapeutic strategies. Accumulating evidence indicates that hypoxia-induced dormancy tumor cells are accompanied by a suite of adaptive phenotypes, including cell cycle arrest, global suppression of protein synthesis, metabolic reprogramming, autophagy activation, resistance to apoptosis, immune evasion, and therapy tolerance. These changes are orchestrated by multiple converging signaling pathways—such as PI3K-AKT-mTOR, Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK, and AMPK—that together constitute a highly dynamic and interconnected regulatory network. While individual pathways have been studied in depth, most investigations remain reductionist and fail to capture the temporal progression and network-level coordination underlying dormancy transitions. Systems biology offers a powerful framework to address this complexity. By integrating high-throughput multi-omics data—such as transcriptomics and proteomics—researchers can reconstruct global regulatory networks encompassing the key signaling axes involved in dormancy regulation. These networks facilitate the identification of core regulatory modules and elucidate functional interactions among key effectors. When combined with dynamic modeling approaches—such as ordinary differential equations—these frameworks enable the simulation of temporal behaviors of critical signaling nodes, including phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK), phosphorylated S6 (p-S6), and the p38/ERK activity ratio, providing insights into how their dynamic changes govern transitions between proliferation and dormancy. Beyond mapping trajectories from proliferation to dormancy and from shallow to deep dormancy, such dynamic regulatory models support topological analyses to identify central hubs and molecular switches. Key factors—such as NR2F1, mTORC1, ULK1, HIF-1α, and DYRK1A—have emerged as pivotal nodes within these networks and represent promising therapeutic targets. Constructing an integrative, systems-level regulatory framework—anchored in multi-pathway coordination, omics-layer integration, and dynamic modeling—is thus essential for decoding the architecture and progression of tumor dormancy. Such a framework not only advances mechanistic understanding but also lays the foundation for precision therapies targeting dormant tumor cells during the MRD phase, addressing a critical unmet need in cancer management.

Objective To analyze the trend of global cellulitis disease burden from 1990 to 2019, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of cellulitis disease. Methods The Global Burden of Disease 2021 (GBD2021) data were collected, and data on the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) of cellulitis were analyzed for each country worldwide. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and age-standardized rate (ASR) were used to estimate the trend change of cellulitis from 1990 to 2021. Results The global burden of cellulitis increased significantly in 2021, with 55.96 million cases, 28.9 million deaths and 876.1 million DALYs, respectively. Incidence and mortality rates were generally higher in males than in females. The incidence and DALYs were higher in high SDI regions, with the highest burden observed in South Asia. In contrast, East Asia exhibited the lowest burden and demonstrated a declining trend. There were significant differences between countries, with India having the highest prevalence, the United States having the highest incidence, and Bahrain having the fastest growing rate.In 2021, China had the lowest age-standardised incidence of cellulitis in the world and the fastest declining age-standardised incidence and age-standardised DALYs. Conclusion The global disease burden of cellulitis is increasing from 1990-2021, and cellulitis remains an an important global public health problem. Targeted preventive meausres should be taken in areas with different economical levels. Men, middle-aged and elderly people, and newborns are the key groups in need of attention and health education.

AIM To establish an HPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous content determination of gallic acid,protocatechuic acid,oxypaeoniflorin,catechin,epicatechin,albiflorin,paeoniflorin,rutin,calycosin-7-glucoside,syringaldehyde,ferulic acid,coumarin,ononin,calycosin,cinnamic alcohol,cinnamic acid,benzoylpaeoniflorin,cinnamaldehyde,astragaloside,astragaloside Ⅲ,6-gingerol in Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction.METHODS The analysis was performed on a 30 ℃ thermostatic Thermo Scientific Hypersil GOLD column(150 mmx4.6 mm,3 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of 0.015％formic acid-acetonitrile flowing at 0.4 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and electrospray ionization source was adopted in positive and negative ion modes with multiple reaction monitoring.RESULTS Twenty-one constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r＞0.990 5),whose average recoveries were 93.99％-108.52％with the RSDs of 1.04％-5.97％.CONCLUSION This simple,feasible,stable and reliable method can be used for the quality control of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction.

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of psychological resilience between perceived stress and job burnout among standardized gastroenterology nursing training students.Methods:A total of 156 nursing trainees who received standardized training in the Department of Gastroenterology at Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital between December 2022 and July 2024 were selected by the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Chinese Perceived Stress Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey. A Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship among perceived stress, psychological resilience, and job burnout in standardized gastroenterology nursing training students. AMOS 24.0 statistical software was used to construct a structural equation model to analyze the mediating effect of psychological resilience between perceived stress and job burnout in standardized gastroenterology nursing training students. The bias-corrected bootstrap method was applied to test the mediating effect of psychological resilience.Results:The averaged total scores of 156 standardized gastroenterology nursing training students were (29.89±0.30) for perceived pressure, (62.45±2.44) for psychological resilience, and (57.85±3.44) for job burnout. Of the trainees, 88 (56.41%) exhibited job burnout, including 39 (25.00%) with mild burnout, 41 (26.28%) with moderate burnout, and 8 (5.13%) with severe burnout. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that perceived stress was positively correlated with job burnout ( r=0.543, P<0.05) and negatively correlated with psychological resilience ( r=-0.443, P<0.05), and psychological resilience was negatively correlated with job burnout ( r=-0.478, P<0.05). The results of bias-corrected bootstrap test showed that psychological resilience had a partial mediating effect between perceived stress and job burnout among standardized gastroenterology nursing training students ( P<0.05), accounting for 32.63% of the total effect. Conclusions:Moderate job burnout was observed in standardized gastroenterology nursing training students. Job burnout was closely related to perceived stress and psychological resilience. Psychological resilience partly mediated the relationship between perceived stress and job burnout. Therefore, clinical managers may alleviate the perceived psychological pressure and subsequently reduce the occurrence of job burnout among standardized nursing training students by increasing psychological resilience.

BACKGROUND:Through scientific research addressing the effect of calcined deer antler slices on promoting the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,it aims to provide empirical support for the integration and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine and modern regenerative medicine,and promote the widespread application of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of skeletal system diseases.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of calcined deer antler slices on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation.METHODS:Different calcination samples were prepared by wrapping deer antler slices with materials such as clay,yellow clay,and salted yellow clay,resulting in seven different samples(clay-cotton cloth,yellow clay-cotton cloth,salted yellow clay-cotton cloth,yellow clay-tin foil,salted yellow clay-tin foil,yellow clay-honey roasted,salted yellow clay-honey roasted antler slices).Water-soluble extract content in deer antler slices was determined before and after calcination.CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate the effects of different aqueous extracts of calcined antler slices on the proliferation activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Calcination significantly increased the water-soluble extract content of deer antler slices,with the highest content observed in samples treated with yellow clay and honey.(2)Calcined deer antler slices significantly promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation,among which the yellow clay-honey roasted deer antler slices have the most significant effect on promoting the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Objective:To investigate the effects of melatonin(MT)on spinal cord ischemia reperfusion injury(SCIRI)and its possible mechanisms in rats.Methods:Forty-two 6-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were selected for the study and randomly divided into three groups:① Sham group(Sham group,n=14);② model group(model/SCIRI group,n=14);and ③ treatment group(MT group,n=14).Neurological function analysis was used to assess the motor conditions of rats in each group.Nissl staining and hematoxylin eosin(HE)staining were used to observe the number and morphology of neurons in each group,and TUNEL staining was used to evaluate the occurrence of apoptosis of neurons in each group.The expression levels of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3(NLRP3),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC),gasdermin D(GSDMD),the N-terminal fragment of gasdermin D(GSDMD-N),and cysteine proteinase 1(caspase-1)were evaluated using immunofluorescence,immunohistochemistry staining,and Western blot analysis.Results:Compared with the sham operation group,the neurological function score of the model group was significantly decreased,while the neurological function score of the treatment group was higher than that of the model group(P＜0.05).The model group had fewer Nissl corpuscles compared with that in the sham operation group and abnormal neuronal morphology(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the treatment group had a rise in the number of Nissl corpuscles and restored neuronal morphology(P＜0.05).Compared with the Sham group,the number of apoptotic neurons increased in the model group,and the protein expression levels of NLRP3,ASC,GSDMD,and caspase-1 increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,The number of apoptotic neurons and the protein expressions of NLRP3,ASC,GSDMD and caspase-1 in the treatment group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusions:MT may alleviate spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting pyroptosis in neurons.

Objective:The serum ferritin-to-albumin ratio(FAR)has been proposed as a novel prognostic marker for sepsis,but its predictive role in outcomes among critically ill patients remains unclear.This study aimed to investigate the correlation between FAR and in-hospital mortality among critically ill patients.Methods:Based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-Ⅳ(MIMIC-Ⅳ),8,136 Intensive Care Unit(ICU)patients were included.Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the predictive value of FAR for in-hospital mortality,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was performed to compare its predictive performance with other parameters.Results:The overall in-hospital mortality was 2.31％.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that FAR was an independent predictor of in-hospital death(OR=2.190,95％CI=1.730-2.780,P=0.000).ROC analysis revealed that FAR achieved a significantly higher area under the curve(AUC)value(0.72)compared to ferritin(0.69)and albumin(0.26),with an optimal cutoff value of 80.57.Subgroup analysis demonstrated no significant interaction effects between FAR and most subgroups(P＞0.05),except for the hypertension subgroup.Conclusion:FAR is significantly associated with in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients,and elevated FAR values indicate an increased risk of death.

Objective:To investigate ⅰ)the therapeutic effects of different doses of recombinant human prourokinase(rh-proUK)on patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)undergoing percutaneous coronary inter-vention(PCI),and ⅱ)its impact on peripheral blood P-selectin(CD62p)and Adropin levels.Methods:This randomized control study enrolled 132 STEMI patients undergoing PCI in Weinan Second Hospital between June 2020 and June 2023.Patients were randomly divided into control group(n=44,routine medication),low dose group(n=44,10 mg rh-proUK therapy)and high dose group(n=44,20 mg rh-proUK therapy).Therapeutic effective rate,myocardial perfu-sion immediate after operation,cardiac function,peripheral blood CD62p and Adropin levels,incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)within 1 month after operation were compared among three groups.Results:Compared to patients in control group,those in high dose group had significantly higher total effective rate(95.5％vs.54.6％),pro-portions of TIMI myocardial perfusion grade(TMPG)grade 3(86.4％vs.25.0％)and ST segment resolution above 30％(∑STR≥30％)(88.6％vs.59.1％),stroke volume(SV)[(76.81±24.47)ml vs.(61.89±14.84)ml]and cardiac output(CO)[(6.48±1.45)L/min vs.(5.48±1.98)L/min],and significantly lower corrected TIMI frame count(CT-FC)[(31.80±6.32)frames vs.(52.39±7.14)frames],CD62p[(70.52±9.54)％vs.(82.42±12.44)％],Adropin[(82.48±9.55)pg/ml vs.(94.48±10.53)pg/ml]and total incidence of MACE(9.1％vs.38.6％)(P＜0.05 or＜0.01).Compared to those in low dose group,patients in high dose group had significantly higher total effective rate,pro-portions of TMPG grade 3 and ∑STR≥30％,SV and CO,and significantly lower CTFC,CD62p,Adropin and total inci-dence of MACE(P＜0.05 or＜0.01).Conclusion:The therapeutic effect of 20 mg rh-proUK on STEMI patients under-going PCI is significantly better than that of 10 mg,which could improve cardiac function,reduce CD62p,Adropin levels,and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events.