Platelets are well-known for their functions in blood clotting and vascular repair. However, in recent years, the regulatory role of platelets in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors has received significant attention. While extensive research has been conducted on the regulation of tumors by circulating platelets in peripheral blood, there is a lack of coherence and continuity among these studies. The tumor microenvironment encompasses the intricate network of cellular and acellular elements that surround and interact with tumor cells, creating a supportive ecosystem for their survival and growth. It plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of tumors. Similar to dark matter in the universe, platelets, as tiny and enigmatic entities, play an essential role in tumor development and treatment within the tumor microenvironment. Although our current understanding of platelet regulation in the tumor microenvironment is limited, they hold immense untapped potential. In-depth studies on the tumor microenvironment have revealed platelets as a meaningful component, influencing various aspects of tumor development, metastasis, and immune evasion. Platelets, through the release of various bioactive substances or direct interaction with tumor cells, impact tumor progression while being influenced by the tumor in return. Therefore, understanding the role and mechanisms of platelets in the tumor microenvironment is of great importance for tumor prevention and treatment. This review provides a summary of the research progress on the interplay between platelets and tumors in the tumor microenvironment, and presents a promising outlook on the potential of platelets in tumor therapy.

Objective To analyze the occurrence and clinical characteristics of bleeding adverse reactions induced by apixaban,and to provide reference for clinical therapy.Methods From the marking of apixaban to May 2024,cases of adverse reactions to hemorrhage caused by apixaban were searched in the database of CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,PubMed and Web of Science.Statistical analysis was performed on the collected data.Results A total of thirty-nine cases of hemorrhagic adverse reactions induced by apixaban were documented.Therewere thirty-three patients(84.62%)over 60 years old.Twenty-two patients had bleeding within 30 days of treatment(56.41%).Intracranial hemorrhage occurred in nine patients(23.08%).Twenty-two patients improved after conventional treatment(56.41%).Twenty-three patients(58.97%)stopped bleeding within 30 days,and two patients(5.13%)died,all of whom died within 1 month after taking apixaban.Conclusions Physician and pharmacists should pay close attention to the adverse reactions of hemorrhage caused by apixaban,and do a good job in drug monitoring and patient education to ensure the safety of clinical medication.

The present study employed UPLC-MS/MS to analyze and identify compounds in the raw powder of Tongluo Shenggu capsules. An HPLC method for the determination of vitexin content was established. The analysis of this drug was performed on a 30 ℃ thermostatic Acquity UPLC® BEH C18 (2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7 μm) column, with the mobile phase comprising 0.2% formic acid-methanol flowing at 0.3 mL /min in a gradient elution manner. Mass spectrometry was detected by ESI sources in both positive and negative ion modes for qualitative identification of chemical constituents. 12 flavonoid and 3 stilbenes compounds in the raw powder of Tongluo Shenggu capsules were successfully identified. Additionally, an HPLC method for the determination of vitexin content was established using a XBridge C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 µm) with a mobile phase of 0.05% glacial acetic acid in methanol for gradient elution, at a column temperature of 30 °C, a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, and an injection volume of 20 μL. The method demonstrated good linearity in the concentration range of 10 µg/mL to 40 µg/mL (R=1.000) with an average recovery rate of 96.7%. The establishment of these methods provides a scientific basis for the quality control and development of the raw powder of Tongluo Shenggu capsules.

Objective To preliminarily describe the current situation of chronic disease drug continuity between community hospitals and the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University in the medical alliance,to explore the key points for further improving the connection between upper and lower-level hospitals in the medical alliance,and to improve the drug supply guarantee and the ability of pharmaceutical services of primary medical institutions.Methods The nine community hospitals within the medical alliance centered on the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were taken as the research subjects to investigate the medication continuity between the community hospitals and the core hospital in terms of cardiovascular diseases,diabetes,and respiratory system diseases before and after the medical alliance.Results Before the integration of medical alliances,the drug linkage rate for cardiovascular diseases,diabetes,and respiratory system diseases in community hospitals and core hospitals was relatively low.After the integration of medical alliances,the average drug linkage rate for the three chronic diseases significantly increased,all exceeding 60%.At the same time,the drug catalog in community hospitals was streamlined,reducing the phenomenon of one drug having multiple specifications.There is a significant difference in the number of drug varieties provided by different community hospitals for the three chronic diseases.Conclusion The medical alliance with the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University as the core promotes the up-down linkage of drug treatment in community hospitals,simplifies the drug catalog of primary medical structure,and facilitates the treatment and prescription of chronic patients.

In order to promote rational drug use in perioperative period, a perioperative clinical medication pathway system was constructed in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University using the project management method of work breakdown structure (WBS). To establish this system, the following 7 tasks should be completed: requirement investigation of the pathway, formulation of drug usage standards, formulation of clinical medicine pathways, clinical communication and training, effect evaluation and supervision, informazation of medication supervision, and therapeutic drug monitoring, which were implemented by pharmacists of different specialties, respectively. After 4 years of effort, 6 general clinical medicine pathways were completed for antibiotics, analgesics, drugs in venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, nutritional support agents, airway management drugs, and proton pump inhibitors, respectively. These pathways had positive effects in improving the rational use of antibiotics, optimizing the postoperative pain management, and strengthening the risk assessment of thrombosis for patients in the surgical department. The personalized pathway constructed for the Cardiac Surgery Department and the multidimensional pharmaceutical intervention in the Anesthesiology Department also had remarkable effects. In conclusion, the construction of perioperative medication pathway system through WBS was helpful to refine the division of work tasks, reflect the value of pharmacists, and improve the quality of perioperative pharmaceutical services.

Objective:To investigate the expression of erythropoietin-producing hepatocyte kinase receptor A10 (EphA10) in gastric cancer and adjacent tissues, and analyze its correlation with clinical features and prognosis.Methods:The clinical data of 112 patients with gastric cancer from January 2018 to December 2023 in Eastern Theater Command Air Force Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The expression of EphA10 in gastric cancer and adjacent tissues was detected by EnVision immunohistochemical staining. The relationship between EphA10 expression and clinicopathological features was analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was drawn, and the comparison used the log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of the overall survival time in patients with gastric cancer.Results:The positive expression rate of EphA10 in gastric cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues: 44.6% (50/112) vs. 0, and there was statistical difference ( χ2 = 64.37, P<0.01). In patients with gastric cancer, the positive expression of EphA10 in gastric cancer tissues was correlated with tumor long diameter, differentiation, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis ( P<0.01 or <0.05), but without age, gender and distant metastasis ( P>0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis result showed that the median overall survival time in patients with positive EphA10 expression was significantly lower than that in patients with negative EphA10 expression: 18 months vs. 48 months, and there was statistical difference (log-rank χ2 = 53.66, P<0.01). Multivariate Cox regression analysis result showed that tumor long diameter ≥3 cm, TNM stage Ⅲ to Ⅳ, lymph node metastasis and EphA10 positive expression were the independent risk factors of the overall survival time in patients with gastric cancer ( HR = 1.250, 1.515, 1.321 and 0.831; 95% CI 1.143 to 1.368, 1.267 to 1.813, 1.168 to 1.497 and 0.756 to 0.913; P<0.01 or <0.05). Conclusions:The expression level of EphA10 in gastric cancer tissues is up-regulated, and its expression level is correlated with the clinicopathological features. EphA10 can be used as one of the reference indicators for clinical prognosis evaluation in patients with gastric cancer.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of endotracheal tube cuff pressure change(△Pcuff)on extubation outcome in mechanically ventilated patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseas(AECOPD).Methods A total of 93 AECOPD patients who underwent mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours and required extubation through spontaneous breathing trial(SBT)from March 2023 to August 2024 in the Department of Critical Care Medicine of Deyang People's Hospital were selected as study subjects.According to the outcome of extubation,they were divided into successful extubation group and failed extubation group.General clinical data,laboratory results,△Pcuff at the start and at 30min of SBT were compared between two groups.Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the outcome of extubation in AECOPD patients.The predictive value of △Pcuff for extubation outcome was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results Of the 93 patients,81 were successfully extubed and 12 were failed.Univariate analysis showed that △Pcuff(at the beginning of SBT),△Pcuff(SBT 30min),systolic blood pressure,pH,arterial partial pressure of oxygen,arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide,and oxygenation index were all factors influencing the outcome of extubation(P＜0.05).Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that △Pcuff(at the beginning of SBT)was an independent risk factor for extubation outcome(P＜0.05).The ROC curve showed that △Pcuff(at the beginning of SBT)predicted extubation outcome with an area under the curve of 0.913,sensitivity of 84.0％,specificity of 83.3％,and Yoden index of 0.673,with an optimal cutoff of 34.5cmH2O(1cmH2O=0.098kPa).Conclusion The △Pcuff(at the beginning of SBT)has a good predictive value for the extubation outcome of mechanically ventilated patients with AECOPD,and the probability of successful extubation of a patient is higher when the △Pcuff is ≥34.5 cmH2O.

Objective To analyze the occurrence and clinical characteristics of bleeding adverse reactions induced by apixaban,and to provide reference for clinical therapy.Methods From the marking of apixaban to May 2024,cases of adverse reactions to hemorrhage caused by apixaban were searched in the database of CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,PubMed and Web of Science.Statistical analysis was performed on the collected data.Results A total of thirty-nine cases of hemorrhagic adverse reactions induced by apixaban were documented.Therewere thirty-three patients(84.62%)over 60 years old.Twenty-two patients had bleeding within 30 days of treatment(56.41%).Intracranial hemorrhage occurred in nine patients(23.08%).Twenty-two patients improved after conventional treatment(56.41%).Twenty-three patients(58.97%)stopped bleeding within 30 days,and two patients(5.13%)died,all of whom died within 1 month after taking apixaban.Conclusions Physician and pharmacists should pay close attention to the adverse reactions of hemorrhage caused by apixaban,and do a good job in drug monitoring and patient education to ensure the safety of clinical medication.

Objective To preliminarily describe the current situation of chronic disease drug continuity between community hospitals and the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University in the medical alliance,to explore the key points for further improving the connection between upper and lower-level hospitals in the medical alliance,and to improve the drug supply guarantee and the ability of pharmaceutical services of primary medical institutions.Methods The nine community hospitals within the medical alliance centered on the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were taken as the research subjects to investigate the medication continuity between the community hospitals and the core hospital in terms of cardiovascular diseases,diabetes,and respiratory system diseases before and after the medical alliance.Results Before the integration of medical alliances,the drug linkage rate for cardiovascular diseases,diabetes,and respiratory system diseases in community hospitals and core hospitals was relatively low.After the integration of medical alliances,the average drug linkage rate for the three chronic diseases significantly increased,all exceeding 60%.At the same time,the drug catalog in community hospitals was streamlined,reducing the phenomenon of one drug having multiple specifications.There is a significant difference in the number of drug varieties provided by different community hospitals for the three chronic diseases.Conclusion The medical alliance with the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University as the core promotes the up-down linkage of drug treatment in community hospitals,simplifies the drug catalog of primary medical structure,and facilitates the treatment and prescription of chronic patients.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of endotracheal tube cuff pressure change(△Pcuff)on extubation outcome in mechanically ventilated patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseas(AECOPD).Methods A total of 93 AECOPD patients who underwent mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours and required extubation through spontaneous breathing trial(SBT)from March 2023 to August 2024 in the Department of Critical Care Medicine of Deyang People's Hospital were selected as study subjects.According to the outcome of extubation,they were divided into successful extubation group and failed extubation group.General clinical data,laboratory results,△Pcuff at the start and at 30min of SBT were compared between two groups.Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the outcome of extubation in AECOPD patients.The predictive value of △Pcuff for extubation outcome was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results Of the 93 patients,81 were successfully extubed and 12 were failed.Univariate analysis showed that △Pcuff(at the beginning of SBT),△Pcuff(SBT 30min),systolic blood pressure,pH,arterial partial pressure of oxygen,arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide,and oxygenation index were all factors influencing the outcome of extubation(P＜0.05).Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that △Pcuff(at the beginning of SBT)was an independent risk factor for extubation outcome(P＜0.05).The ROC curve showed that △Pcuff(at the beginning of SBT)predicted extubation outcome with an area under the curve of 0.913,sensitivity of 84.0％,specificity of 83.3％,and Yoden index of 0.673,with an optimal cutoff of 34.5cmH2O(1cmH2O=0.098kPa).Conclusion The △Pcuff(at the beginning of SBT)has a good predictive value for the extubation outcome of mechanically ventilated patients with AECOPD,and the probability of successful extubation of a patient is higher when the △Pcuff is ≥34.5 cmH2O.