Purpose: Cancer has become a significant major public health concern, making the discovery of new cancer markers or therapeutic targets exceptionally important. Elevated expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 12A (TNFRSF12A) expression has been observed in certain types of cancer. This project aims to investigate the function of TNFRSF12A in tumors and the underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Various websites were utilized for conducting the bioinformatics analysis. Tumor cell lines with stable knockdown or overexpression of TNFRSF12A were established for cell phenotyping experiments and subcutaneous tumorigenesis in BALB/c mice. RNA-seq was employed to investigate the mechanism of TNFRSF12A. Results: TNFRSF12A was upregulated in the majority of cancers and associated with a poor prognosis. Knockdown TNFRSF12A hindered the colorectal cancer progression, while overexpression facilitated malignancy both in vitro and in vivo. TNFRSF12A overexpression led to increased nuclear factor кB (NF-κB) signaling and significant upregulation of baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3 (BIRC3), a transcription target of the NF-κB member RELA, and it was experimentally confirmed to be a critical downstream factor of TNFRSF12A. Therefore, we speculated the existence of a TNFRSF12A/RELA/BIRC3 regulatory axis in colorectal cancer. Conclusion TNFRSF12A is upregulated in various cancer types and associated with a poor prognosis. In colorectal cancer, elevated TNFRSF12A expression promotes tumor growth, potentially through the TNFRSF12A/RELA/BIRC3 regulatory axis.

With the continuous increase in global obesity prevalence,the impact of obesity on reproduc-tive physiology has garnered widespread societal attention.As a metabolic disorder,obesity is typically accompanied by multiple abnormal physiological phenomena,such as excessive adipose accumulation and exacerbated inflammatory responses,which severely compromise the reproductive health of humans and animals.Reproductive damage induced by obesity involves a series of complex biochemical reactions and in vivo metabolic pathways,manifesting as impaired male sperm quality and female fertility.To better un-derstand the relationship between obesity and reproductive physiology,this review summarizes the repro-ductive injuries caused by obesity and their underlying mechanisms.In the obese state,conditions such as oxidative stress,insulin resistance,and hyperinsulinemia are induced,with adipokines(leptin,adi-ponectin,resistin,etc.)and inflammatory factors(TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β,etc.)interacting synergisti-cally to affect the reproductive system.Oxidative stress activates the MAPK and NF-κB pathways,inter-fering with insulin signaling,while chronic inflammation leads to adipocyte secretory disorders and dis-rupts the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal regulatory axis.Studies have shown that obese males exhibit sig-nificantly decreased testosterone levels and impaired sperm quality,whereas obese females suffer from re-productive hormone imbalance,ovulation disorders,and polycystic ovary syndrome.This review discus-ses how obesity-induced metabolic disorders lead to impaired reproductive physiology in both males and females,along with the underlying mechanisms,providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and treat-ment of obesity-related reproductive disorders in the future.

Toxin-antitoxin(TA)systems serve as central hubs of bacterial adaptive regulation and play critical roles in the pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tb)and Bordetella pertussis(B.per-tussis).This review summarizes the functional evolution and therapeutic potential of TA systems in M.tb and B.pertussis.It systematically outlines the molecular mechanisms and pathogenic functions of TA sys-tems in these two pathogens.M.tb relies on type Ⅱ TA systems(e.g.,VapBC,MazEF)to drive persis-ter formation and antibiotic tolerance through toxin-mediated ribonuclease activity that cleaves host nucle-ic acids or DarT/DarG-mediated DNA modification.In contrast,B.pertussis utilizes a unique tempera-ture-sensing PhtA/PhtB system to release adenylate cyclase toxin,which targets the host cAMP signaling pathway to achieve immune evasion.Both pathogens employ TA toxins to suppress host defenses-such as VapC cleaving tRNA and RelE degrading NF-κB components.Their high-frequency mutation sites(e.g.,the VapC47-Ser46Leu mutation frequency＞50 000 in M.tuberculosis)reveal strong positive selec-tion pressure,closely associated with persister phenotypes and virulence evolution.This review further discusses therapeutic strategies,including small-molecule inhibitors targeting toxin-antitoxin interactions,TA-deletion attenuated vaccines,and antitoxin-based immunization approaches.Finally,it highlights the need for future research to elucidate TA-host interaction networks and develop nanocarrier delivery tech-nologies to advance breakthroughs in precision therapy for tuberculosis and pertussis.

Objective:To investigate the the differential expression of EIF5A2 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell lines RBE,HCCC9810,and HUCCT1,and its effects on HCCC9810 cell migration and invasion,epithelial mesenchymal transition,and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Methods:The differential expression of EIF5A2 in RBE,HCCC9810,and HUCCT1 cell lines was detected using WB method.The HCCC9810 cell line,with the highest expression of EIF5A2,was selected for this experiment.The expression of EIF5A2 in HCCC9810 cell line was silenced by transient transfection of small interfering RNA.The best silencing effect of small interfering RNA was screened by WB.Scratch assay and Tran-swell migration invasion assay were used to detect the effect of silencing EIF5A2 on the migration and invasion ability of HCCC9810 cells.WB was used to detect the effect of silencing EIF5A2 on PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and epithelial mesenchymal transition in HCCC9810 cells.Results:The WB results showed that EIF5A2 had the highest expression in the HCCC9810 cell line,and siRNA1 had the best silencing effect on EIF5A2 in the HCCC9810 cell line.Scratch assay and Transwell migration invasion assay results showed that silencing EIF5A2 in the HCCC9810 cell line resulted in a decrease in cell invasion and metastasis ability(P＜0.05).At the same time,the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),while the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin expression increased(P＜0.05)and the stromal cell marker N-cadherin expression decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion:EIF5A2 may promote epi-thelial mesenchymal transition and enhance the migration and invasion ability of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate whether successful percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)could improve symptoms and quality of life(QOL)in left main disease and/or 3-vessel disease patients with diabetes.Methods Patients with left main disease and/or 3-vessel disease who underwent PCI in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from April 2018 to May 2021 were consecutively enrolled and subdivided into 2 groups:diabetes and no diabetes.Detailed baseline characteristics,symptoms,including dyspnea and angina,assessed with the Rose dyspnea scale(RDS),Seattle angina questionnaire(SAQ),the European quality of life-5 dimensions(EQ-5D)and 12-item short-form health survey(SF-12)questionnaire respectively,procedural details,and 1 month and 1 year follow-up data were collected.Results Among 440 left main disease and/or 3-vessel disease patients,disease was present in 176(40.00％),who had more hypertension,peripheral artery disease,and LCX lesion(all P＜0.05).The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)and all-cause mortality were similar between the two groups(both P＞0.05)at 1 month follow-up,while all-cause mortality in diabetes patients was significantly higher than those without diabetes at 1 year follow-up(P=0.013).Low left ventricular ejection fraction was an independent risk factor for MACE and all-cause mortality at 1 month and 1 year follow-up after successful revascularization(all P＜0.05).Most importantly,symptoms,including dyspnea and angina,and QOL were markedly improved regardless of diabetes both at 1 month and 1 year follow-up(all P＜0.05).Diabetes patients showed improved dyspnea and QOL at similar degree to the non-diabetes patients(all P＞0.05)and a more significantly relieved angina(P=0.013).Additionally,the number of chronic total occlusion(CTO)per patient was identified as an independent risk factor of dyspnea(OR 0.723,95％CI 0.525～0.997,P=0.048)and angina relief(OR 0.686,95％CI 0.473～0.995,P=0.047),and the contrast volume(OR 0.995,95％CI 0.992～0.999,P=0.008)as an independent risk factor of QOL improvement in diabetic patients.Conclusions Successful PCI is beneficial for relieving symptoms and improving quality of life in patients with diabetes who have left main disease and/or 3-vessel disease.

Objective:To investigate the effects of melatonin(MT)on spinal cord ischemia reperfusion injury(SCIRI)and its possible mechanisms in rats.Methods:Forty-two 6-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were selected for the study and randomly divided into three groups:① Sham group(Sham group,n=14);② model group(model/SCIRI group,n=14);and ③ treatment group(MT group,n=14).Neurological function analysis was used to assess the motor conditions of rats in each group.Nissl staining and hematoxylin eosin(HE)staining were used to observe the number and morphology of neurons in each group,and TUNEL staining was used to evaluate the occurrence of apoptosis of neurons in each group.The expression levels of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3(NLRP3),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC),gasdermin D(GSDMD),the N-terminal fragment of gasdermin D(GSDMD-N),and cysteine proteinase 1(caspase-1)were evaluated using immunofluorescence,immunohistochemistry staining,and Western blot analysis.Results:Compared with the sham operation group,the neurological function score of the model group was significantly decreased,while the neurological function score of the treatment group was higher than that of the model group(P＜0.05).The model group had fewer Nissl corpuscles compared with that in the sham operation group and abnormal neuronal morphology(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the treatment group had a rise in the number of Nissl corpuscles and restored neuronal morphology(P＜0.05).Compared with the Sham group,the number of apoptotic neurons increased in the model group,and the protein expression levels of NLRP3,ASC,GSDMD,and caspase-1 increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,The number of apoptotic neurons and the protein expressions of NLRP3,ASC,GSDMD and caspase-1 in the treatment group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusions:MT may alleviate spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting pyroptosis in neurons.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of A2DS2 score combined with neutrophil percentage/albumin ratio(NPAR)and D-dimer for the occurrence of stroke-associated pneumonia(SAP)in acute ischemic stroke(AIS)patients.Methods:Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 265 AIS patients admitted to the Southern Theater Command Air Force Hospital from November 2017 to November 2023.AIS patients were divided into SAP group and non-SAP group according to whether occurrence of SAP within one week of onset.Collect clinical data from two groups of patients,calculate A2DS2 score,NPAR,detected the D-dimer levels of two groups.Spearman correlation analysis on the relationship between A2DS2 score and NPAR,D-dimer levels.Multiple factor logistic regression analysis were used to identify independent risk factors.The predictive values were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,Constructing a modifed A2DS2(mA2DS2)score based on the optimal cutoff values of A2DS2 score,NPAR and D-dimer,the predictive values of the mA2DS2 score was analyzed by ROC curve.Results:A total of 265 AIS patients were included in this study,of which 78 patients with AIS developed SAP within one week of onset,and the incidence rate of SAP was 29.43％.There were statistically difference in comparison of age,national institute of health stroke scale(NIHSS)score at admission,swallowing difficulties,atrial fibrillation,history of stroke,A2DS2 score,D-dimer,fibrinogen levels,systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR),platelet to lymphocyte ratio(PLR),NPAR between SAP group and non-SAP group(P＜0.05).A2DS2 score was positively correlated with NPAR and D-dimer(P＜0.05).The results of the multifactor logistic regression model analysis showed that,elevated NPAR,elevated D-dimer and elevated A2DS2 score were risk factors for the occurrence of SAP in AIS patients(P＜0.05).The area under curve(AUC)predicted by A2DS2 score for the occurrence of SAP in AIS patients was 0.866,the AUC predicted by NPAR for the occurrence of SAP in AIS patients was 0.815,and the AUC predicted by D-dimer for the occurrence of SAP in AIS patients was 0.705.The ROC curve analysis results show that,the AUC predicted by mA2DS2 score for the occurrence of SAP in AIS patients was 0.898,which was greater than the AUC predicted by A2DS2 score alone.Conclusions:The significant increase in A2DS2 score,NPAR and D-dimer levels is associated with the occurrence of SAP in AIS patients,and the A2DS2 score combined with NPAR and D-dimer detection has a high predictive efficiency for the occurrence of SAP in AIS patients.

Three evaluation methods were recommended for the key properties of the intravascular catheter lubricating coating such as stability,lubricity and integrity,including insoluble particle test method,friction test procedure and appearance detection method.Fifteen batches of microcatheters produced by different manufacturers were selected for testing to clarify the three methods in test principle,step,result,characteristic.References were provided for the design,production,evaluation and regulation of intravascular catheters with lubricant coatings.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(1):66-72]

Toxin-antitoxin(TA)systems serve as central hubs of bacterial adaptive regulation and play critical roles in the pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tb)and Bordetella pertussis(B.per-tussis).This review summarizes the functional evolution and therapeutic potential of TA systems in M.tb and B.pertussis.It systematically outlines the molecular mechanisms and pathogenic functions of TA sys-tems in these two pathogens.M.tb relies on type Ⅱ TA systems(e.g.,VapBC,MazEF)to drive persis-ter formation and antibiotic tolerance through toxin-mediated ribonuclease activity that cleaves host nucle-ic acids or DarT/DarG-mediated DNA modification.In contrast,B.pertussis utilizes a unique tempera-ture-sensing PhtA/PhtB system to release adenylate cyclase toxin,which targets the host cAMP signaling pathway to achieve immune evasion.Both pathogens employ TA toxins to suppress host defenses-such as VapC cleaving tRNA and RelE degrading NF-κB components.Their high-frequency mutation sites(e.g.,the VapC47-Ser46Leu mutation frequency＞50 000 in M.tuberculosis)reveal strong positive selec-tion pressure,closely associated with persister phenotypes and virulence evolution.This review further discusses therapeutic strategies,including small-molecule inhibitors targeting toxin-antitoxin interactions,TA-deletion attenuated vaccines,and antitoxin-based immunization approaches.Finally,it highlights the need for future research to elucidate TA-host interaction networks and develop nanocarrier delivery tech-nologies to advance breakthroughs in precision therapy for tuberculosis and pertussis.

Objective To observe the value of shear wave elastography(SWE)for evaluating therapeutic effect of ultrasound-guided drug injection for muscle injury.Methods Eighty patients with unilateral muscle injury were retrospectively included,including 40 cases underwent ultrasound-guided drug injection(group A)and 40 cases underwent electromagnetic wave physiotherapy plus external application of Yunnan Baiyao Gao(group B).Pain intensity was assessed using visual analogue scale(VAS)before treatment and 3 weeks after the final treatment,while the Young modulus(E)value of the injured muscle was measured before treatment and 1,2 and 3 weeks after final treatment,and the improvements of VAS scores and E values were compared between groups.Results The total effective rate in group A(35/40,87.50%)was higher than that in group B(21/40,52.50%;P＜0.05).Before treatment,no significant difference of VAS score was found between group A(8.07±0.83)and group B(7.88±0.85)(P＞0.05).After treatment,VAS scores decreased in both groups(both P＜0.05),which in group A(2.30±1.07)was more obviously than that in group B(4.80±0.82)(P＜0.05).After treatment,E values of injury muscles increased significantly in both groups(P＜0.05),while group A had a greater increase in overall magnitude and overall rate than group B(P＜0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided drug injection therapy had significant therapeutic effect for muscle injuries,which could be dynamically monitored with SWE.