Current epilepsy prediction methods are not effective in characterizing the multi-domain features of complex long-term electroencephalogram (EEG) data, leading to suboptimal prediction performance. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel multi-scale sparse adaptive convolutional network based on multi-head attention mechanism (MS-SACN-MM) model to effectively characterize the multi-domain features. The model first preprocesses the EEG data, constructs multiple convolutional layers to effectively avoid information overload, and uses a multi-layer perceptron and multi-head attention mechanism to focus the network on critical pre-seizure features. Then, it adopts a focal loss training strategy to alleviate class imbalance and enhance the model's robustness. Experimental results show that on the publicly created dataset (CHB-MIT) by MIT and Boston Children's Hospital, the MS-SACN-MM model achieves a maximum accuracy of 0.999 for seizure prediction 10 ~ 15 minutes in advance. This demonstrates good predictive performance and holds significant importance for early intervention and intelligent clinical management of epilepsy patients.
Humans ; Electroencephalography/methods* ; Epilepsy/physiopathology* ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Seizures/physiopathology* ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Algorithms

Objective:To discuss the effect of Yes-associated protein(YAP)silencing on the proliferation,migration,and invasion capabilities of the human cervical cancer(CC)SiHa cells.Methods:The human CC SiHa cells were cultured in vitro,and the lentiviral YAP shRNA was transfected into the SiHa cells to establish stably transfected YAP-shRNA experimental group(sh-YAP group)and empty plasmid control group(control group).Western blotting method was used to detect the silencing effect of YAP;immunofluorescence method was used to detect the microfilament number and morphology of actin filaments(F-actin)in the cells in both groups;CCK-8 method was used to detect the survival rates of the cells in two groups;Transwell chamber assay and wound healing assay were used to detect the numbers of migration and invasion cells and scratch healing rates of the cells in two groups;Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)markers(E-cadherin and Snail),DNA damage repair-related proteins(γ-H2AX),and apoptosis-related proteins[c-MYC and B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2)]in the cells in two groups.Results:The results of lentiviral YAP shRNA transfection into SiHa cells showed that the expression level of YAP protein in the SiHa cells was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The immunofluorescence results showed that after YAP silencing,the F-actin in SiHa cells was sparse and regularly arranged,with a reduced number of cells and a shriveled appearance.The CCK-8 results showed that compared with control group,the survival rate of the SiHa cells in sh-YAP group was significantly decreased cultured for 24 and 48 h(P＜0.01).The results of Transwell chamber assay and the wound healing assay showed that compared with control group,the numbers of migration and invasion SiHa cells in sh-YAP group were significantly decreased(P＜0.01),and the cell scratch healing rates were signifiantly decreased(P＜0.05).The Western blotting results showed that compared with control group,the expression level of E-cadherin protein in the cells in sh-YAP group was increased(P＜0.05),and the expression levels of c-MYC,Bcl-2,and γ-H2AX proteins were decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion:YAP gene silencing leads to the depolymerization of F-actin in the human CC SiHa cells and regulates the apoptosis and DNA damage repair,potentially reversing the EMT process,thereby inhibiting the proliferation and migration of the tumor cells.

Yttrium-90(90Y)selective internal radiation therapy(SIRT)is an emerging modality for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),leveraging the nuclide 90Y to deliver targeted radiation therapy.90Y has a long half-life and can be used to selectively ablate tumor cells by high-energy beta rays.It has high biological effectiveness and robust local control capabilities.In recent years,with the continuous advancement of basic and clinical research,the application of 90Y-SIRT in the conversion treatment of unresectable HCC(uHCC)has made significant progress.However,challenges remain in the clinical application of 90Y-SIRT,including how to improve the efficacy of conversion therapy and how to optimize therapy regimens.This review aims to summarize the research progress of90Y-SIRT in the conversion therapy of uHCC.

Objective To evaluate the value of imaging quantification parameters in artificial intelligence (AI) assisted diagnosis systems in clinical decision-making for lung nodules≤2 cm and the diagnostic efficacy of AI. Methods Lung nodule patients admitted to Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University from 2020 to 2023 were included. Imaging parameters of lung nodules were extracted using AI assisted diagnosis systems. Multifactor analysis was used to screen predictors for distinguishing benign and malignant nodules and high-risk predictors for recurrent invasive adenocarcinoma, and a diagnostic model was established and its performance evaluated. The diagnostic efficacy of the AI system was judged according to pathological results. Results A total of 594 patients with lung nodules were included, including 202 males and 392 females, with an average age of (58.75±11.55) years. Volume, average CT value, and 3D maximum diameter of non-solid nodules were independent predictors of malignant nodules, with thresholds of 287.4 mm3, −491 HU, and 12.0 mm, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) for diagnostic efficacy was ranked from high to low as combined model (0.802), volume (0.783), average CT value (0.749), and 3D maximum diameter (0.714). The average CT value and 3D long diameter of solid nodules were independent predictors of malignant nodules, with thresholds of −81 HU and 17.5 mm, respectively, and AUC values of 0.874 and 0.686, respectively, with the combined prediction AUC of 0.957. The mass of cystic nodules was an independent predictor of malignancy when the mass>180.7 mg. Independent predictors of high recurrence risk of invasive adenocarcinoma in non-solid nodules were consolidation-tumor ratio (CTR), average CT value, 3D long diameter, and volume, with thresholds of 0.14, −386 HU, 15.6 mm, and 1018.9 mm3, respectively, and diagnostic efficacy was ranked from high to low as combined model (0.788), 3D long diameter (0.735), volume (0.725), average CT value (0.720), and CTR (0.697). The accuracy of AI in predicting benign and malignant target nodules was 87.4%, with positive predictive value of 96.6% and negative predictive value of 58.9%. Conclusion In clinical decision-making for lung nodules ≤2 cm, AI assisted diagnosis systems have high application value.

Objective:To explore the application value of compute tomography(CT)scan with 16cm wide body detector in chest examination of patients who could not cooperate with breath-holding.Methods:A total of 100 patients who could not cooperate with breath-holding during chest examination in the second affiliated hospital of Shenyang Medical College from May to August in 2022 were selected,and they were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 50 patients in each group.The collimation width of CT scan with 16cm wide body detector was 256 mm×0.625 mm in the observation group,and that with 8 cm wide body detector was 128 mm×0.625 mm in the control group,and other parameters of two groups were same.A series of indicators included age,height,weight and body mass index(BMI)of patients were recorded,and the CT dose index(CTDIvol),dose length product(DLP),effective dose(ED)were measured and calculated.And then,the Contrast to Noise ratio(CNR),signal to noise(SNR)and Standard Deviation(SD)between two groups were compared,and the image quality was evaluated objectively and subjectively.Results:The average age and the average weight of the patients in the observation group were respectively(78.81±6.84)years old and(64.46±9.86)kg,and the mean values of BMI,CTDIvol,DLP,ED and exposure time were respectively(22.89±3.09)kg/m2,(4.61±1.00)mGy,(1 471.02±345.25)mGy·cm,(20.59±4.83)mSv,(1.01±0.61)s.The average age and the average weight of the patients in the control group were respectively(77.70±6.76)years old and(62.84±4.75)kg.The mean values of BMI,CTDIvol,DLP,Ed and exposure time were respectively(22.89±2.29)kg/m2,(14.5±0.00)mGy,(4 561.70±346.32)mGy·cm,(63.86±4.85)mSv and(4.07±0.12)s.The differences of subjective evaluations of main pulmonary artery,right inferior pulmonary vein trunk and aortic arch between the observation group and the control group were not significant(P>0.05).The subjective scores of image qualities both two groups were larger than 4,and the image qualities of two groups could meet the diagnostic requirements.The CTDIvol,DLP,ED and exposure time of observation group were significantly lower than those in control group(t=-69.42,-44.231,-44.234,-107.10,P<0.05),respectively.Conclusion:Compared with the CT scan with conventional 8 cm detector,the CT scan with 16 cm wide body detector can greatly shorten the scanning time and reduce the radiation dose in the chest CT scan of patients with free breathing,and the image quality of that can meet the requirement of clinical diagnosis,which has very high application value in the fast diagnosis of clinical emergency.

BACKGROUND:The application of orthodontic force triggers autophagy in the periodontal tissue via diverse signaling pathways,augmenting or attenuating the activity of relevant cell types such as periodontal ligament cells,osteocytes,osteoclasts,and osteoblasts,thus facilitating the process of periodontal remodeling. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress in orthodontic force mediated autophagy in periodontal tissue and its impact on orthodontic tooth movement. METHODS:The PubMed,Web of Science,China Biology Medicine disc and CNKI were searched for literature published from 2010 to 2023 to summarize the progress in orthodontics-related autophagy.And 76 papers were finally included in the analysis and discussion. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Orthodontic force can trigger a series of biochemical signal changes through periodontal mechanical receptors and aseptic inflammation they cause,leading to autophagy in periodontal tissue.Subsequently,autophagy generates corresponding feedback through cascaded amplified signaling pathways such as Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B,Hippo,and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways,promoting periodontal tissue remodeling and ultimately achieving tooth movement and stability.Orthodontic force-induced autophagy can differentially regulate bone resorption on the tooth pressure side and bone formation on the tension side.Related targets have good prospects in the clinical application of orthodontic treatment.Orthodontics and autophagy have complex mechanisms.However,existing research has only focused on exploring the role of autophagy in orthodontic tooth movement.Further exploration is needed to investigate the mutual regulatory effects between autophagy and orthodontic tooth movement,as well as the interactions between upstream mechanical receptors and signaling pathways involved in related pathways.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression levels of long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1(MALAT1)and leptin levels in the patients with multiple myeloma,as well as the role in the diagnosis and prognosis of multiple myeloma.Meth-ods A total of 60 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma in this hospital from January 2018 to Oc-tober 2020 were selected as the patient group.Additionally,60 healthy individuals during the same period were recruited as the control group.The levels of serum lncRNA MALAT1 and leptin in the test population were detected.The correlation between the two and thier ratio as well as their role in disease prognosis were invest-gated.Results The expression levels of serum lncRNA MALAT1 and leptin in the patients group were signif-icantly higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).A-mong the various stages of Durie-Salmon(DS)staging,the expression levels of lncRNA MALAT1 and leptin from stage I,stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ were in turn from high to low,and the differences were statistically signifi-cant(P＜0.05).Among different immune types,the expression level of lncRNA MALAT1 in the patients with light chain type was highest,which in those with non-secretory type was lowest.The leptin levels in the patients with light chain type,IgG type,IgA type and non-secretory type were in turn from high to low,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Furthermore,the expression level of lncRNA MAL-AT1 was positively correlated with leptin(r=0.41,P＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the expression levels of lncRNA MALAT1,leptin levels,and lncRNA MALAT1/leptin ratio between before and after treatment in the patients with treatment effect(P＜0.05).However,there was no statistically sig-nificant difference in these two indices between before and after treatment in the patients with no treatment effect(P＞0.05).After treatment,the median survival time for the patients with serum lncRNA MALAT1/leptin ratio＜3 was 27 months(95％CI:21.949-27.120),while which for the patients with serum lncRNA MALAT1/leptin ratio 3 was 14 months(95％CI:12.076-22.199),and the difference was statistically sig-nificant(P=0.014).Conclusion lncRNA MALAT1 and leptin exhibit a certain extent of synergistic effect in the de-velopment and progression of multiple myeloma.The ratio of these two could be used to evaluate the prognosis of the patients.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS)was first introduced in clinic for the treatment of fracture because of its safety,ef-fectiveness and non-trauma.Then,a large number of subsequent studies have used LIPUS as a synergistic factor in bone,cartilage,joint,cancer treatment and oral clinical research,jointly revealing the powerful synergistic effect of LIPUS.This paper summarizes the synergistic effect of LIPUS in the above research fields,in order to broaden the possible clinical application scope of LIPUS.

Objective:To investigate the clinical, radiological, and pathological features of anaplastic gangliogliomas (AGGs) and to determine whether these tumors represent a distinct entity.Methods:Consecutive 667 cases of ganglioglioma (GG) diagnosed at the Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China between January 2015 and July 2023 were screened. Among these cases, 9 pathologically confirmed AGG cases were identified. Their clinical, radiological, treatment, and outcome data were analyzed retrospectively. Most of the tumor samples were subject to next-generation sequencing, while a subset of them were subject to DNA methylation profiling.Results:Among the 9 patients, there were five males and four females, with a median age of 8 years. Epileptic seizures (5/9) were the most frequently presented symptom. Radiological examinations showed three types of radiological manifestations: four cases showed abnormal MRI signals with no significant mass effects and mild enhancement; two cases demonstrated a mixed solid-cystic density lesion with peritumoral edema, which showed significant heterogeneous enhancement and obvious mass effects, and one case displayed cystic cavity formation with nodules on MRI, which showed evident enhancements. All cases exhibited mutations that were predicted to activate the MAP kinase signaling pathway, including seven with BRAF p.V600E mutation and two with NF1 mutation. Five AGGs with mutations involving the MAP kinase signaling pathway also had concurrent mutations, including three with CDKN2A homozygous deletion, one with a TERT promoter mutation, one with a H3F3A mutation, and one with a PTEN mutation.Conclusions:AGG exhibits a distinct spectrum of pathology, genetic mutations and clinical behaviors, differing from GG. Given these characteristics suggest that AGG may be a distinct tumor type, further expansion of the case series is needed. Therefore, a comprehensive integration of clinical, histological, and molecular analyses is required to correctly diagnose AGG. It will also help guide treatments and prognostication.