The research shows that personality assessment can be achieved by regression model based on electroencephalogram (EEG). Most of existing researches use event-related potential or power spectral density for personality assessment, which can only represent the brain information of a single region. But some research shows that human cognition is more dependent on the interaction of brain regions. In addition, due to the distribution difference of EEG features among subjects, the trained regression model can not get accurate results of cross subject personality assessment. In order to solve the problem, this research proposes a personality assessment method based on EEG functional connectivity and domain adaption. This research collected EEG data from 45 normal people under different emotional pictures (positive, negative and neutral). Firstly, the coherence of 59 channels in 5 frequency bands was taken as the original feature set. Then the feature-based domain adaptation was used to map the feature to a new feature space. It can reduce the distribution difference between training and test set in the new feature space, so as to reduce the distribution difference between subjects. Finally, the support vector regression model was trained and tested based on the transformed feature set by leave-one-out cross-validation. What's more, this paper compared the methods used in previous researches. The results showed that the method proposed in this paper improved the performance of regression model and obtained better personality assessment results. This research provides a new method for personality assessment.
Algorithms ; Brain ; Electroencephalography/methods* ; Emotions ; Humans ; Personality Assessment

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between depression and aggression in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: This study used Korean version of Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI). SPSS/WIN 23.0 statistical program was used. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffé-test to know the differences in depression and aggression according to the general characteristics. The correlation between depression and aggression was analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the effect of depression on aggression. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant effect on verbal and physical aggression according to sub-factors of depression. However. aggressive attitude due to emotional depression was statistically significant (β=.23, p=.031). CONCLUSION: If nurses recognize the psychological and emotional problems as well as the physical symptoms of patients with coronary artery disease and train themselves in a systematic manner, they will be able to return to their normal daily lives.
Aggression ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels ; Depression ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Personality Assessment

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify subjectivity on smoking cessation of Korean adult males, and to provide basic data, for non-smoking policies. METHODS: Q-methodology, a method of analyzing subjectivity of each item, was used. Thirty-nine adult males, classified 36 selected Q-statements into normal distribution, using a 9-point scale. Collected data were analyzed, using the pc-QUNAL program. RESULTS: Among the Korean adult males, three types of smoking cessation were identified. The name for Type I was ‘pursuit of faith’, for Type II, ‘factor of relationship disturbance’ and for Type III ‘ambivalence’. CONCLUSION: Results of this study indicate that different approaches to intervention on smoking cessation are best served for Korean adult males, based on the three types of smoking cessation, and their characteristics.
Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Q-Sort ; Smoke ; Smoking Cessation ; Smoking

PURPOSE: This study was performed to identify the factors that influence dysmenorrhea. METHODS: In this study, 205 female participants were enrolled. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that included scales to assess general characteristics, personality type, dietary assessment, eincrease exposure toward endocrine disrupting chemicals, and the occurrence of dysmenorrhea. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlational coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression, using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. RESULTS: The average score for dysmenorrhea was 85.04±32.69 points. The percentage of participants belonging to the Type D Personality group was 21.0%. Type D Personality (r=0.473, p < 0.001) and increase exposure toward endocrine disrupting chemicals (r=0.532, p < 0.001) correlated moderately with the level of dysmenorrhea. The correlation between the degree of dietary assessment and the level of dysmenorrhea was weakly negative (r=−0.170, p < 0.05). The most powerful predictor of dysmenorrhea was personality type (β=0.37, p < 0.001). A combination of the following factors accounted for 27.3% of the variance in dysmenorrhea: menstrual amount, menstrual regulation, occupation, and marital status. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that when nursing assessments and interventions are performed for women with dysmenorrhea, it is necessary for nurses to take into account the personality type of the patient.
Dysmenorrhea ; Endocrine Disruptors ; Female ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Nursing Assessment ; Occupations ; Type D Personality ; Weights and Measures

PURPOSE: This study was aimed at identifying the types of perceptions of ethical issues among perioperative nurses. METHODS: Q-methodology focusing on individual subjectivity was used with data collected in November 2016. Thirty-four Q-statements were selected and scored by the 35 participants on a 9-point scale with normal distribution. Participants were perioperative nurses working in advanced general hospitals and general hospitals. The data were analyzed using the PC-QUANL program. RESULTS: total of 35 perioperative nurses were classified into 4 factors based on the following viewpoints: self-centered (type 1), onlooking and avoiding (type 2), patient-centered (type 3), and problem-centered (type 4). The 4 factors accounted for 57.84% of the total variance. Individual contributions of factors 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 41.80%, 7.18%, 5.20%, and 3.66%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The major contribution of this study is the clarification of perioperative nurses' subjective perceptions of ethical issues. These findings can be used in formulating effective strategies for nursing educators, professional nurses, and nursing administrators to improve ethical decision-making abilities and to perform ethical nursing care by the appropriate management of ethical issues in everyday nursing practice.
Administrative Personnel ; Ethics* ; Ethics, Nursing ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Nursing ; Nursing Care ; Perioperative Nursing ; Q-Sort

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare psychological test profiles of psychiatric outpatients with high and low depression/suicide ideation and to identify predictor variables for depression/suicide ideation. METHODS: Component scores of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) were compared using t-tests. Discriminant analysis was conducted for predictor variables of depression/suicide ideation. RESULTS: Regarding PAI profiles, somatic complaints (SOM), anxiety (ANX), anxiety-related disorder (ARD), depression (DEP), paranoia (PAR), borderline features (BOR), antisocial features (ANT), mania (MAN) drug problems (DRG) scores were significantly elevated in high depression and high suicide ideation groups. Concerning MMPI-2 profiles, the scores of hypochondriasis (Hs), depression (D), hysteria (Hy), psychopathic deviate (Pd), paranoia (Pa), psychasthenia (Pt), schizophrenia (Sc), social introversion (Si) were significantly elevated in these same groups. The PAI and MMPI-2 profile shapes were remarkably similar between high depression and high suicide ideation groups. Therefore, in terms of psychological profile, depression and suicidal ideation seemed to reflect the same construct. However, in discriminant analysis, significant predictors for depression were found to be Pt and D Sc from MMPI-2, while those for suicide ideation were found to be Pa and Sc, suggest subtle differences. CONCLUSION: The superficial characteristics of depression and suicide ideation groups reflected by the psychological test profiles seemed similar, but the determining factors may differ. Thus, the psychological interventions for these two groups may have to follow different routes considering these subtle differences.
Anxiety ; Bipolar Disorder ; Depression ; Discriminant Analysis ; Humans ; Hypochondriasis ; Hysteria ; Introversion (Psychology) ; Minnesota ; Outpatients ; Paranoid Disorders ; Personality Assessment ; Psychological Tests ; Schizophrenia ; Suicidal Ideation ; Suicide

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to develop a Personality Assessment Scale for Hospital Employees (PAS-HE). Most current personality scales for recruiting employees have focused on evaluating the negative aspects of mental health. The present study sought to develop a Self-Report Questionnaire that assessed not only mental health problems but also positive personality traits and character strengths, as well as capabilities for hospital work. METHODS: Initially, a preliminary item pool was constructed and administered to psychiatry outpatients (n=44), hospital employees (n=217), and normal adults matched to hospital employees (n=217). Using the data from the three groups, the final 250 items for the PAS-HE were selected. Next, using data from 637 normal adults, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and factor structure were examined and age norms were calculated for each of four age groups (18–25, 26–35, 36–45, 46–55 years). RESULTS: The PAS-HE showed moderate to high internal consistency, good temporal stability, and good construct validity. Factor structure and t-score norms (mean=50, SD=10) for each age group were established. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicated the reliability and validity of the developed PAS-HE, suggesting that the PAS-HE can be time- and cost-efficient when used for recruitment and human resource management in hospitals.
Adult ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Outpatients ; Personality Assessment* ; Reproducibility of Results ; Weights and Measures

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of the experience of maintaining employment for people with mental disabilities. METHODS: The research design was a descriptive design using Q-methodology, which is a method of measuring subjectivity. Twenty-one participants classified 34 selected Q-statements on a nine-point scale to create a normal distribution. The PC-QUANL software program(a factor analysis program for the Q technique) was used to analyze the Q-sort data. RESULTS: Three types were extracted that described different expressions of the experience of maintaining employment for people with mental disabilities; these types explained 52.3% of the total variance. Type I is ‘Workplace support’, Type II is ‘Self-management’, Type III is ‘Experience integration’. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide an understanding that there are different types of experiences for maintaining employment for people with mental disabilities and each type has certain characteristics. In future studies, it would be helpful to develop customized nursing interventions for psychiatric nurses while occupational rehabilitation services are being provided.
Employment* ; Humans ; Mentally Disabled Persons* ; Methods ; Nursing ; Q-Sort ; Rehabilitation ; Research Design

PURPOSE: This study applied the Q method to identify and describe the various types of nurse perceptions that are crucially associated with their engagement in evidence-based nursing (EBN). METHODS: The study participants were nurses at a medical center and a regional teaching hospital. A series of Q sorts was performed by nurses to subjectively rank the Q statements. Q statements were constructed based on the literature related to EBN adoption by nurses and face-to-face interviews. RESULTS: A total of 60 participants were invited to rank 44 Q statements related to EBN. Factor analysis was conducted on the rankings of the Q statements. The following are the five prominent shared perspectives: (1) emphasized the obstacles to evidence searching and reading ability; (2) emphasized the organizational promotive strategies; (3) emphasized the available supportive resources; (4) emphasized the significance of EBN; and (5) emphasized the evidence-searching ability and external incentives. The five identified groups of perspectives can enhance hospital administrators to acknowledge the barriers and incentives associated with EBN practices. CONCLUSION: The exploration of clustering nurses' perceptions may facilitate the development of customized strategies to enable more appropriate training.
Clinical Competence ; Evidence-Based Nursing* ; Hospital Administrators ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Methods* ; Motivation ; Nursing Care ; Q-Sort ; Reading

OBJECTIVES: The Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form (PBQ-SF) is a self-report instrument for assessment of dysfunctional beliefs based on Beck's cognitive formulations of personality disorders. The aims of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Korean version of PBQ-SF in clinical samples. METHODS: The Korean version of PBQ-SF was examined in 115 participants (50 patients with personality disorder and 65 patients without personality disorder). All participants were assessed for personality disorder using the semi-structured clinical interview of the Personality Assessment Schedule. The construction validity was examined by correlation with Beck Depression Inventory, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Five-Factor Inventory neuroticism scales. Twenty four randomly sampled patients were examined for the test-retest reliability. RESULTS: The Korean version of PBQ-SF showed good internal consistency [Cronbach's alpha=0.73 (schizoid)-0.92 (paranoid)] and test-retest reliability [r=0.74 (narcissistic)-0.92 (paranoid)]. The PBQ-SF was correlated with depression, anxiety, and neuroticism. The overall subscales of PBQ-SF were correlated with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders based diagnosis of personality disorders. CONCLUSION: Consistent with previous findings using the Korean full version of PBQ as well as the English version of PBQ-SF, our results support that the Korean version of PBQ-SF is a reliable and valid instrument for assessment of dysfunctional beliefs associated with personality pathology.
Anxiety ; Appointments and Schedules ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Humans ; Pathology ; Personality Assessment ; Personality Disorders ; Reproducibility of Results ; Weights and Measures