AIM:This study aims to investigate the synergistic cytotoxic effects of chrysin and venetoclax on acute myeloid leukemia(AML)cells and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.METHODS:Human AML cell lines MV411 and MOLM13 were cultured in vitro and treated with chrysin in combination with venetoclax.Cell viability was as-sessed using the CCK8 assay,while flow cytometry was employed to measure cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rates.Western blot was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and protein kinase B(PKB/Akt)/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)signaling pathway-related proteins.RESULTS:The results from the CCK8 assay and flow cytometry demon-strated that treatment with 16 and 32 μmol/L chrysin significantly inhibited the viability of AML cells and increased the proportion of cells in G1 phase,as well as the apoptosis rate.Notably,the cells in combination treatment group exhibited a marked reduction in proliferation and an elevated apoptosis rate compared with either chrysin or venetoclax group alone.Western blot analysis indicated that increasing concentrations of chrysin led to an elevation in cleaved poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)level,alongside a down-regulation of proteins associated with the Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.Fur-thermore,the combination treatment significantly up-regulated cleaved PARP level and down-regulated Akt/NF-κB path-way-related proteins compared with the treatment with chrysin or venetoclax alone.CONCLUSION:Chrysin and veneto-clax synergistically inhibit the proliferation of AML cells and promote apoptosis by modulating the Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Allergic conjunctivitis is a common ocular surface condition. Although corticosteroids are potent anti-inflammatory agents for its management, their use is often restricted by potential side effects. Conventional eye drops face challenges such as short retention time and poor corneal permeability, resulting in low drug bioavailability. To overcome these limitations, we developed a preservative-free synthetic high-density lipoprotein (sHDL) nanodisc eye drop containing dexamethasone palmitate. This novel formulation enhances drug stability and extends retention time on the ocular surface. In a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic conjunctivitis, the nanodisc eye drop significantly alleviated symptoms while reducing corticosteroid concentration, demonstrating excellent safety and biocompatibility. This innovative approach shows great promise for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis and may lay the groundwork for new therapeutic strategies in anterior ocular disease management.

AIM:This study aims to investigate the synergistic cytotoxic effects of chrysin and venetoclax on acute myeloid leukemia(AML)cells and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.METHODS:Human AML cell lines MV411 and MOLM13 were cultured in vitro and treated with chrysin in combination with venetoclax.Cell viability was as-sessed using the CCK8 assay,while flow cytometry was employed to measure cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rates.Western blot was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and protein kinase B(PKB/Akt)/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)signaling pathway-related proteins.RESULTS:The results from the CCK8 assay and flow cytometry demon-strated that treatment with 16 and 32 μmol/L chrysin significantly inhibited the viability of AML cells and increased the proportion of cells in G1 phase,as well as the apoptosis rate.Notably,the cells in combination treatment group exhibited a marked reduction in proliferation and an elevated apoptosis rate compared with either chrysin or venetoclax group alone.Western blot analysis indicated that increasing concentrations of chrysin led to an elevation in cleaved poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)level,alongside a down-regulation of proteins associated with the Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.Fur-thermore,the combination treatment significantly up-regulated cleaved PARP level and down-regulated Akt/NF-κB path-way-related proteins compared with the treatment with chrysin or venetoclax alone.CONCLUSION:Chrysin and veneto-clax synergistically inhibit the proliferation of AML cells and promote apoptosis by modulating the Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.

AIM:To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of long noncoding RNA LINC00987 in the apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia(AML)cells induced by antitumor drugs.METHODS:The LINC00987 expression in AML was detected by RT-qPCR.The Molm13 cells with stable knockdown of LINC00987 gene(shLINC00987)were constructed,and the effect of low LINC00987 expression on the apoptosis of AML cells induced by cytarabine was detected by annexin V/PI staining.Signaling pathway enrichment of LINC00987-coexpressed genes was performed to analyze the ef-fect of LINC00987 expression on cytochrome family genes.RESULTS:Compared with healthy individual group,the ex-pression of LINC00987 was significantly down-regulated in AML cell lines and patients,but highly up-regulated in the complete remission group after anti-AML treatment.In addition,low LINC00987 expression was associated with poor prog-nosis among the patients with AML.The LINC00987 expression in AML cell lines Molm13 and MV411 was significantly induced by antitumor drugs such as cytarabine,doxorubicin,arsenic trioxide,and venetoclax.Meanwhile,LINC00987 down-regulation could inhibit the apoptosis of Molm13 cells induced by cytarabine.The LINC00987-coexpressed genes were enriched in cytochrome P450(CYP450)-mediated oxidative stress pathways,and the LINC00987 expression was positively correlated with the expression of CYP450 family genes CYP11B1,CYP2U1 and CYP2C9.Down-regulation of LINC00987 could inhibit the mRNA expression of CYP11B1,CYP2U1 and CYP2C9 induced by cytarabine.CONCLU-SION:Long noncoding RNA LINC00987 can be used as a prognostic marker for AML and may promote cytarabine-in-duced AML cell apoptosis through CYP450-mediated oxidative stress pathways.

Objective : To compare the diagnostic efficacy of three screening methods，including the epidemiological survey and the new gastric cancer scoring system proposed in the Expert Consensus Opinion on Early Gastric Cancer Screening Process in China ( Shanghai，2017) ，and the Kyoto classification score for screening gastric in early gastric cancer diagnosis． Methods: Patients who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection and were pathologically confirmed were included in the gastric cancer group，patients with non-gastric cancer in the same period were consecutively included in the control group．Questionnaires and serological tests were performed in all enrolled patients，and the endoscopic presentations was recorded according to the classification of Kyoto gastritis during gastroscopy．The risk stratification and the detection rates of gastric cancer were estimated by different screening methods，and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) of subjects diagnosed with each screening method alone and in combination were plotted to compare the area under the ROC curve (AUC) and the diagnostic efficacy . Results: Among all participants，84 were patients with gastric cancer and 120 were normal people without gastric cancer．The Kyoto risk score had the highest diagnostic value (AUC = 0. 79) among the others，and its sensitivity and specificity were 72. 6% and 79. 1% ，respectively，but the combined diagnosis of different methods did not significantly improve the diagnostic efficacy．The Kyoto risk score had a more discriminative value in the medium to high-risk group delineated by the new scoring system． Conclusion The Kyoto risk score has high clinical value in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer and can be used in conjunction with the new scoring system for early gastric cancer risk assessment.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of median nerve electrical stimulation on synaptic plasticity in ischemic stroke rats.Methods 18 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into Sham group(n = 6),ischemic stroke group(MCAO group,n = 6)and median nerve electrical stimulation group(MNES group,n = 6).The left middle cerebral artery occlusion model of rats was established by thread plug method.Thread plug was not inserted in sham group.The median nerve electrical stimulation group was given median nerve electrical stimulation intervention on the 3rd day after modeling,and intervention on the next day.After intervention for 7 times,behavioral detection,HE staining was used to detect median nerve injury.Nissl staining was used to detect cerebral infarction volume.Western blot was used for detection of the expression level of proteins related to synaptic plasticity,and electron microscopy was performed.Results HE staining showed that median nerve electrical stimulation did not cause damage to the median nerve in stroke rats,and the median nerve membrane was intact without obvious inflammatory cells.Compared with MCAO group,the neural function,motor function and coordination of the injured forelimb in MNES group were significantly improved(P<0.01).Compared with MCAO group,cerebral infarction volume in MNES group was significantly reduced(P<0.05),the pyknosis of Nissl bodies in ischemic penumbra decreased.Compared with MCAO group,the expression levels of synaptic plastication-related proteins PSD95 and synI in the cortex of MNES group were significantly up-regulated after median nerve electrical stimulation(P<0.05),the number of synapses in the ischemic cortex increased significantly(P<0.01).Conclusion Median nerve electrical stimulation is a safe and effective therapeutic measure to improve nerve function after stroke,and its mechanism is related to promoting synaptic plasticity.

After ischemic stroke, the key to reduce the mortality and disability rate is to restore the blood supply of brain tissue as soon as possible. However, the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) caused by blood flow restoration is also an important cause of brain tissue structural damage and dysfunction. Studies in recent years have shown that the activation of mitophagy at CIRI stage can reduce the volume of cerebral infarction and protect neurons from CIRI, while excessive or insufficient mitophagy can aggravate CIRI. This suggests that inducing moderate mitophagy may be a potential therapeutic target for neuroprotection after stroke. However, the neuroprotective mechanism of mitophagy has not yet been fully elucidated. This article reviews the neuroprotective mechanism and potential application of mitophagy in stroke, and discusses some problems of mitophagy as a therapeutic target for stroke.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between clinicopathologic features like human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2(HER2) status and lymph node metastasis, meanwhile, to establish a prediction model for the risk of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer. Methods: Multiple data of 157 patients who underwent early gastric cancer radical gastrectomy were involved and analyzed. Further, the risk prediction model was established for lymph node metastasis of early gastric cancer. Results: Among these 157 patients, 31 cases were reported lymph node metastasis, with a rate of 19.7%. Analysis showed that female patients, HER2 IHC(3+), infiltrating into submucosa, poor degree of differentiation and vascular invasion accounted for a large proportion in lymph node metastasis(P<0.05). Analysis also showed that HER2 IHC(3+), infiltrating into submucosa, poor degree of differentiation and vascular invasion were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer(P<0.05). According to the above analysis results, the prediction models for lymph node metastasis risk of early gastric cancer were established respectively included or excluded HER2 status, and the area under the ROC curve(AUC) was 0.800 and 0.759, respectively. Meanwhile, differentiated tumor accounted for a large proportion in HER2 IHC(3+)(P<0.05). Conclusion HER2 IHC(3+), infiltrating into submucosa, poor degree of differentiation and vascular invasion were independent risk factors of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer. The new established model including HER2 status has good sensitivity and specificity, which may provide a reference for predicting the risk of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer.

Objective: To analyze the situation of AIDS knowledge and discrimination among freshmen in Chengdu city, and to explore possible effects of AIDS knowledge on discrimination. Methods: A cluster random sampling was employed to investigate 1 053 college students from 11 universities in Chengdu about their HIV/AIDS knowledge and discrimination. The scores of AIDS knowledge and discrimination of students with different characteristics were analyzed, and the influence path of AIDS knowledge on AIDS discrimination were further analyzed based on different peer relationships. Results: The total scores of AIDS knowledge was negatively correlated to AIDS discrimination( r s =-0.13, P <0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, the total score of AIDS knowledge was associated with the total score of AIDS discrimination( β =-0.12, P <0.01). AIDS knowledge played a role in AIDS discrimination in intimate, general and unfamiliar peer relationships, with standardized path coefficients of -0.20, -0.24 and -0.18 respectively( P <0.01). Conclusion AIDS knowledge are correlated with discrimination among freshmen under different peer relationships. More anti-AIDS discrimination courses should be added to AIDS education to reduce the students’ fear and stigma of HIV/AIDS patients and related risk groups.

Objective To foster the ethics in biomedical research and increase the integrity in research staffs.Methods The quantitative approaches to measurement and evaluation of scientific research integrity in recent years were proposed and reviewed.Results By taking effective measurements,management of scientific research ethics and post hoc salvation procedure were established to increase the integrity of scientific researchers.Conclusion Through improving the management of scientific research and generating a friendly environment towards scientific ethics,healthy development of medical scientific research can be achieved and research misbehavior can be minimized.