AIM: To compare the control effect of spherical and toric orthokeratology on low-to-moderate myopia with astigmatism(-1.00--1.50 DC)in adolescents.METHODS: The clinical data of 119 cases(119 eyes)of low-to-moderate myopia with astigmatism(-1.00--1.50 DC)adolescents who were treated and fitted with orthokeratology in the ophthalmology department of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from June 2021 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into spherical group, with 65 cases(65 eyes), and toric group, with 54 cases(54 eyes)according to the type of orthokeratology. The changes of uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), axial length and corneal astigmatism before and after wearing lenses were recorded to evaluate the therapeutic effect.RESULTS: The UCVA of both the groups significantly improved at 1 and 2 a after wearing lenses(all P<0.01); corneal astigmatism decreased, but there was no significant difference(all P>0.05); the axial length was longer than that before wearing lenses(P<0.01). There were no statistical significant differences in the UCVA and corneal astigmatism between the spherical group and the toric group(Fintergroup=0.829,Pintergroup=0.364; Fintergroup=0.997,Pintergroup=0.320); and there were no statistical significant differences in the axial length growth between the spherical group and the toric group after wearing lenses for 1 a(0.18±0.11 mm vs 0.17±0.14 mm), and 2 a(0.17±0.10 mm vs 0.16±0.10 mm; all P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Both orthokeratology lenses can improve the UCVA, reduce corneal astigmatism, and delay axial length growth of adolescents with low-to-moderate myopia with astigmatism(-1.00--1.50 DC), and there are no significant differences in the control effect of spherical design orthokeratology and the toric design orthokeratology on myopia.

Objective: To understand current state of physical health levels of first year students in different body mass index (BMI) categories in Ningxia universities, and to explore the correlation between BMI and physical fitness index (PFI), so as to provide a reference for enhancing physical health levels of university students. Methods: In November 2024, physical fitness test data from 16 631 first year students across four universities in Yinchuan City, Ningxia from 2019 to 2023 were collected by adopting convenience and stratified cluster random sampling methods. The PFI was calculated using the Z score of the physical fitness test results, and a nonlinear quadratic model was established via least squares regression to examine the relationship between BMI and PFI among university students. Results: The BMI for males was (21.69±3.53)kg/m 2, while for females was (20.78±2.94)kg/m 2. The composite score for males physical fitness (69.86±9.25) was lower than that for females (72.24± 8.15 ), with a statistically significant difference ( t =-17.54, P <0.01). Moreover, the failure rates of various physical fitness indicators (vital capacity, sit and reach, standing long jump, pull ups/1 minute sit ups, 1 000 m/800 m run) were higher among males than females ( χ 2=103.48, 72.45, 14.38, 5 134.85, 188.89, all P <0.01). Comparisons across BMI categories revealed that among males, the normal weight group outperformed other groups in the 50 m sprint, standing long jump, 1 000 m sprint, composite score, and PFI ( F =89.17, 113.90, 179.02, 573.35, 593.08); among female students, the normal weight group outperformed other groups in the 50 m sprint, sit and reach, 800 m run, composite score, and PFI ( F =10.67, 19.58 , 96.45, 294.05, 183.45) (all P <0.01). The relationship between BMI and PFI among first year students exhibited a parabolic change trend, students with a moderate BMI demonstrated higher PFI, and as BMI increased, PFI decreased (all P <0.01). Conclusions The physical health level of male students in Ningxia universities is lower than that of female students. There is a correlation between BMI classification and PFI. Tailored intervention measures should be implemented according to the physical characteristics of students across different genders and BMI classifications to enhance university students physical health.

Developmental exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting contaminant, impairs cognitive function in both animals and humans. However, whether BPA affects the development of primary sensory systems, which are the first to mature in the cortex, remains largely unclear. Using the rat as a model, we aimed to record the physiological and structural changes in the primary auditory cortex (A1) following lactational BPA exposure and their possible effects on behavioral outcomes. We found that BPA-exposed rats showed significant behavioral impairments when performing a sound temporal rate discrimination test. A significant alteration in spectral and temporal processing was also recorded in their A1, manifested as degraded frequency selectivity and diminished stimulus rate-following by neurons. These post-exposure effects were accompanied by changes in the density and maturity of dendritic spines in A1. Our findings demonstrated developmental impacts of BPA on auditory cortical processing and auditory-related discrimination, particularly in the temporal domain. Thus, the health implications for humans associated with early exposure to endocrine disruptors such as BPA merit more careful examination.
Humans ; Rats ; Animals ; Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity* ; Phenols/toxicity* ; Auditory Perception/physiology* ; Neurons/physiology*

Objective:To explore the value of cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) in the efficacy and prognosis evaluation of arterial infusion chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 100 patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent arterial infusion chemotherapy from January 2018 to January 2020 at Second People's Hospital of Wuhu were retrospectively analyzed, and all patients were divided into effective group (the complete remission and partial remission) and ineffective group (the stable disease and the progressive disease) according to the chemotherapy efficacy determined by CT. The clinicopathological characteristics of both groups were compared. The influencing factors of chemotherapy efficacy were determined by using multivariate logistic regression model analysis. The efficacy evaluated by CT examination was treated as the gold standard. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of CDC42 level predicting the efficacy of arterial infusion chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer patients before infusion chemotherapy. Survival analysis was performed by using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test was also performed.Results:Among 100 patients with pancreatic cancer, there were 13 cases of complete remission, 30 cases of partial remission, 20 cases of stable disease, 37 cases of progressive disease; 43 cases in effective group and 57 cases in ineffective group. The proportions of tumor long diameter > 4 cm, TNM staging Ⅲ-Ⅳ, carcinoembryonic antigen (CA)199 > 37 U/ml, carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) > 5 ng/ml, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) > 2.8, serum total bilirubin > 34.2 μmol/L before infusion, CDC42 ≤ 1.11 μg/L, low differentiation degree and vascular invasion in ineffective group were higher than those in effective group (all P < 0.05). Tumor long diameter > 4 cm, TNM staging Ⅲ-Ⅳ, CA199 > 37 U/ml, CEA > 5 ng/ml before infusion, low differentiation degree, vascular invasion, and CDC42 ≤ 1.11 μg/L were independent risk factors for effectiveness of arterial infusion chemotherapy (all P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve of CDC42 predicting the ineffectiveness of arterial infusion chemotherapy was 0.810 (95% CI 0.781-0.839, P <0.01), and the optimal cut-off value was 1.11 μg/L, the sensitivity was 96.25%, and the specificity was 63.13%. Survival curve analysis showed that the 2-year overall survival rate of patients with CDC42 > 1.11 μg/L was 58.93% which was greater than that of patients with CDC42 ≤ 1.11 μg/L (22.73%), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 14.99, P<0.001). Conclusion:CDC42 level is an independent influencing factor for the efficacy of arterial infusion chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer, and it can effectively predict the prognosis of patients.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, immunophenotype, molecular characteristics, differential diagnosis, clinical treatment and prognosis of mixed carcinoma of cervix with adenoid cystic pattern.Methods:Three cases of mixed cervical carcinoma with adenoid cystic pattern were collected at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou University Medical School from 2018 to 2021.The clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) were performed. The related literature was reviewed.Results:The three patients were postmenopausal women with a median age of 74.7 years. The clinical symptom was vaginal bleeding without obvious causes. One case was an endophytic tumor, and the others were exophytic. The median diameter of the three cases was 3.3 cm. Two patients underwent hysterectomy, the tumors infiltrated the external 1/3 and middle 1/3 of the cervix respectively. All the lymph nodes were negative. One patient had a previous biopsy. Microscopically, all three tumors were characterized by a cribriform structure, which were filled with basophilic myxoid substance and surrounded by tubules lined by two layers of cells. The tumor cells had scanty cytoplasm and showed the characteristics of cervical basal-like cells. All three cases were accompanied by high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and squamous cell carcinoma, and one also showed a non-specific spindle cell sarcomatoid component. Within the double-layered epithelial structure, the outer epithelium was positive for p63, CD117, p16 INK4a (clone E6H4) and MYB protein and negative for S-100 by IHC. The combined positive score of PD-L1 (clone 22C3) was less than 1 in all three cases. Human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 were detected in one patient preoperatively, while high-risk HPV were positive in the other two patients by RNAscope ISH postoperatively. None of the three cases showed MYB gene rearrangement by FISH. The mean follow-up time was 23.3 months (36, 28 and 6 months, respectively). Two patients underwent hysterectomy and radiotherapy survived without disease. One patient survived with tumor just by radiotherapy and drug therapy. Conclusions:Mixed cervical carcinoma with adenoid cystic pattern is extremely rare. It is a high-grade malignancy with poor prognosis. The tumor is associated with high-risk HPV infection, without MYB gene rearrangement, and with low PD-L1 immunoreactivity. Radical surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment at present.

Objective To investigate the effects of different control methods in cuff pressure (Pcuf) on the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) for the patient receiving mechanical ventilation with implication of artificial airway by oral endotracheal intubation.Methods A total of 80 patients receiving mechanical ventilation with oral endotracheal were numbered according to the order of using mechanical ventilation. Patients with odd numbers were recruited into intervention group (40 cases), while patients with even numbers were included in control group (40 cases). Patients in intervention group used Arto continuous air pressure control device to continuously control the cuff pressure, while the control group used German VBM airbags pressure gauge to measure and regulate cuff pressure three times a day. Sputum specimens of patients were taken and pepsin levels were tested at tracheal intubation, 48 h and 96 h post mechanical ventilation. Pcuf, pepsin levels in sputum specimens and the incidence of VAP were compared between two groups.ResultsAt 96 h post mechanical ventilation, Pcuf of patients in intervention group were in the ideal range (20~30cmH2O) for 479 times, and in control group the number were 389 times. The difference was statistically significant (χ2=124.830,P<0.01). The pepsin levels of sputum specimens in intervention group were (617.32±67.13) and (653.13±71.32) ng/ml at 48 h and 96 h post mechanical ventilation, both of which were significantly lower than those in control group (t=-11.217,-14.500;P<0.01). The incidences of VAP were 25.0% and 47.5% in intervention and control group respectively, with statistically significant difference between two groups (χ2=4.381,P<0.05).Conclusions The continuous air pressure control device can better keep the air pressure in the ideal range and reduce gastric contents aspiration of the patients with mechanical ventilation so as to reduce the incidence of VAP.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of diabetes mellitus complicating with pneumonia in old people,and to improve the diagnose and treatment tactics.Methods In this retrospective analysis,the symptom of respiratory tract,body temperature,hemogram,radiologic characteristics,etiologic characteristics,the use of antibiotic and the course of disease of 30 old patients T2DM complicated by pneumonia and 34 the aged with pneumonia were compared.Results There were statistically significant differences in the use of drug and the course of disease among the two intervention groups.By contrast,the incidence of the symptom of respiratory tract,body temperature,hemogram,main etiologic agents,and the radiologic characteristics,such as empyema did not show significant differences in this investigation.Conclusions The keys to treating diabetes mellitus complicated by pneumonia are the severe control of blood glucose,application of two or more than two effective antibiotics.And the former,s course is longer.

Objective To evaluate the effects of different interventios on insulin resistance and ?-cell function in population with impaired glucose tolerance(impaired glucose tolerance,IGT).Methods The total of 382 cases of IGT were divided into five groups according to interventions:control(C),diet plus exercise group(D+E),Acarbose Group(A),Metformin(M)and traditional Chinese medicine Group(TCM),with each group making the appropriate intervention programmes.BMI,FPG,2hPG,F-Ins,P-Ins,F-CP and P-CP were determined before intervention and yearly during the follow up,and BMI,HOMA-IR,HOMA-? were calculated.Results By the end of the study,insulin,F-CP,IR Group D+E and FPG,2hPG,insulin,C-peptide,IR in the other groups were significantly lower than before the intervention(P

Objective To evaluate the cardioprotective effect of trimetazidine in elderly patients with myocardial ischemia and chronic heart failure of coronary artery disease. Methods Eighty nine patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease were randomized to therapy group (n=45) and controlled group (n=44). The patients in therapy group were given both the routine treatment and trimetazidine 20 mg, 3 times daily, for 6 months. The patients in controlled group were given only the routine treatment. Results After the therapy, the episode of angina pectoris every week was fewer and weekly consumption of nitroglycerin tablets was less in patients of therapy group than those in controlled group: (3.0?1.7 )episodes/w vs (3.9?2.1 )episodes/w,P0.05). Work load were increased 〔(10.2? 2.2) vs( 9.3 ?1.7)METs, P

Cytokine-induced killer(CIK) cells are heterogeneous lymphocytes generated by incubation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with various cytokines in vitro,characterized by both the T lymphocyte's powerful cytotoxic activity and the natural killer(NK) cell's non-major histocompatibility-restricted antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo.CIK cells have their peculiar superiority over standard lymphokine activated killer(LAK) cells,tumor-infiltration lymphocytes(TIL) and anti-CD3 antibody induced activated killer(CD3AK) cells in application to the cancer adoptive immunotherapy and have hence received wide attention from researchers.This article updates recent researches on CIK cells,their interaction with dendritic cells,bispecific antibodies and oncolytic viruses,as well as their use in gene transfer.