Breast cancer is the worldwide most common malignant tumor in women,and early diagnosis and treatment is the key to improve prognosis.Conventional screening imaging techniques,such as mammography and ultrasonography,have only limited diagnostic efficacy for micro breast cancer.Combining diffuse optical tomography(DOT)and ultrasonography for assessing blood vessel distribution and metabolic level inside the breast lesions,optical tomography image ultrasonography system(OPTIMUS)has unique advantages for diagnosing micro breast cancer with diameter≤1.0 cm.The research progresses of OPTIMUS for diagnosing micro breast cancer were reviewed in this article.

Purpose Using conventional ultrasound,3D energy Doppler and shear wave elastography to develop one multi-modal ultrasound-based prediction model for placental insufficiency of second trimester.Materials and Methods A prospective analysis was conducted by reviewing 209 pregnant women with anterior wall placenta who underwent multi-modal ultrasound examination in the Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University from April 2021 to April 2022,and all participants were divided into 118 cases in the normal group and 91 cases in the placental insufficiency group based on clinical diagnosis.Their placental function was evaluated through hemodynamics[blood flow parameters of umbilical artery(UA),uterine artery(Ut A)and cerebral placental rate(CPR)],blood stream perfusion[vascular index(VI),blood flow index(FI)and vaso-blood flow index(VFI)]and mechanical tissue properties[mean of elasticity modulus(Emean)].Logistic regression analysis was performed on the indicators with statistically significant differences between groups,establishing a prediction model of placental insufficiency and evaluating its efficacy.Results There were statistically significant differences in Ut A blood flow parameters,CPR,VI,VFI and Emean between the two groups(t=-12.74,-10.28,-11.01,7.02,7.00,-11.97,all with P<0.05).In regression analysis,Ut A-RI(≥0.65),CPR(≤1.53)and Emean(≥4.14 KPa)were found to be the independent risk factors,of which Emean had the greatest diagnostic efficacy(area under the curve,AUC=0.904).The AUC of the prediction model established by combining the three parameters was 0.945,with a sensitivity of 87.91%and a specificity of 94.92%,which has significantly higher diagnostic efficacy than that of a single parameter.Conclusion The prediction model based on the multi-modal ultrasound parameters has certain predictive value and high specificity for placental insufficiency of second trimester and can guide early clinical intervention to improve perinatal outcomes.

Objective    To explore the correlation of preoperative D-dimer (DD) level with prognosis in Chinese esophageal cancer patients. Methods    PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed databases were searched to identify potential studies which assessed prognostic value of preoperative DD level in Chinese esophageal cancer patients from the establishment date of each database to March 20, 2019. The Stata 12.0 software was applied to conduct the meta-analysis and the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was combined to evaluate the relation between preoperative DD level and survival of Chinese esophageal cancer patients. Results    A total of 5 studies involving 1 277 patients were included. The quality score of each study was ≥6 points. The results showed that the elevated preoperative DD level was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS, HR=1.49, 95%CI 1.05-2.10, P=0.025) and cancer-specific survival (CSS, HR=1.83, 95%CI 1.39-2.42, P<0.001). However, no significant relation of preoperative DD with disease-free survival (DFS) was observed (HR=1.55, 95%CI 0.89-2.70, P=0.125). Conclusion    High preoperative DD level may be an independent prognostic factor for Chinese patients with esophageal cancer. More prospective studies with bigger sample sizes are still needed to verify our results.

The good effect of enhanced recovery after surgery is reflected in reducing the incidence of perioperative complications and shortening the hospital stays. However, the concern for the management of perioperative patients and the quality of life of patients after surgery is not high enough. Evaluating clinical efficacy from the perspective of patient-reported data has received increasing attention. Combining the current domestic and foreign research results on the outcome of patient reports, this article systematically discusses the concept connotation, research significance, and clinical application of thoracic surgery for the outcome of patient reports with proposing a clinical outcome research model that draws on foreign patient reports to develop Chinese characteristics. Combine the related research of discipline characteristics, and summarize and analyze the existing literature reports.
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Humans ; Quality of Life ; Recovery of Function ; Thoracic Surgical Procedures ; methods

BACKGROUND: Oscillatory positive expiratory pressure (OPEP) training is a kind of breathing exercise with Acapella. The clinical value of OPEP has been widely discussed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis as well as pulmonary cyst. However, few studies have explored the application of OPEP in surgery lung cancer patients underwent lobectomy. Thus, the aim of this study is to explore the impact of the application of OPEP device (acapella) in lung cancer patients undergoing video-assisted thorascopic surgery (VATS). METHODS: Sixty-nine patients receiving VATS lobectomy in Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University from September 15, 2017 to January 15, 2018 were randomly divided into the acapella group (AG) or the control group (CG). The patients in the AG received oscillating positive expiratory pressure training and the CG underwent standard perioperative treatment. The differences of morbidity, pulmonary function, quality of life were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Thirty-five patients were assigned to the AG and thirty-four patients were assigned to the CG. The incidences of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) and atelectasis (2.9%, 0.0%) in the AG were significantly lower than that in the CG (20.6%, 14.7%)(P=0.03, P=0.03). The duration of total hospital stay and postoperative hospital stay in the AG (10.86±5.64, 5.09±4.55) d were significantly shorter than that in the CG (10.86±5.64, 5.09±4.55) d (P=0.01, P=0.01). The drug cost in the AG (4,413.60±1,772.35) ¥ were significantly lower than that in the CG (6,490.35±3,367.66) ¥ (P=0.01). The patients in the AG had better forced expiratory volume in the first second and peak expiratory flow [(1.50±0.32) L,(252.06±75.27) L/min] compared with the CG [(1.34±0.19) L, (216.94±49.72) L/min] (P=0.03, P=0.03) at discharge. CONCLUSIONS The application of OPEP device during the perioperative period was valuable in decreasing PPCs and enhancing recovery for lung cancer patients receiving VATS lobectomy.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Lung ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Lung Neoplasms ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perioperative Period ; Pneumonectomy ; Quality of Life ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted

Recently, with the proliferation of high-resolution computed tomography (CT), the frequency of small pulmonary nodules appears higher and more precise than previously estimated, especially in CT screening in patients with high risk factors for lung cancer. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) provides a new minimally invasive treatment for the diagnosis and treatment of small pulmonary nodules. The VATS results in less pain, shorter hospital stay, and reduced surgical complications, making it more widely available. How to accurately locate and mark lesions is important for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. This article reviews the various techniques used to locate pulmonary nodules in surgery in recent years and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of them.
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Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; surgery ; Metals ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ; surgery ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; methods

Detection of the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a safe, simple and easy method to assess airway inflammation noninvasively. Thus, FeNO detection has been paid more attention to diagnosis and guide treatment of pulmonary diseases. The common feature of pneumonia, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic cough is the existence of varying degrees of airway inflammation. In this review, FeNO production and its potential pathologic and physiologic role in various pulmonary diseases were discussed.

Objective    To explore the factors of postoperative cough in lung cancer patients. Methods    Totally 130 lung cancer patients of single medical team (average age of 58.75±9.34 years, 65 males and 65 females), from February 2016 to February 2017 in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, were investigated by Mandarin Chinese version of the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ-MC). We analyzed and calculated the preoperative and postoperative scores of LCQ-MC, Cronbach α and the influencing factor. Results    The preoperative score of LCQ-MC's physiological dimension was significantly lower in the postoperative cough group (6.30±0.76) than that of the postoperative non-cough group (6.56±0.60, P=0.044), while the preoperative total score of LCQ-MC (19.53±1.78, 20.03±1.45) was not statistically different (P=0.080). The postoperative score of LCQ-MC was significantly lower in the postoperative cough group (17.32±2.79) than that of the postoperative non-cough group (19.70±1.39, P<0.001). And the scores of physiological, psychological and social dimension were significantly lower in the postoperative cough group (5.32 ±1.14, 5.73±1.14, 6.23±0.89) than those of the postoperative non-cough group (6.25±0.63, 6.67±0.54, 6.78±0.49) (P values were all less than 0.001). The result of multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed the condition of preoperative cough symptom (OR=0.354, 95%CI=0.126–0.994, P=0.049) and anesthesia time (OR=1.021, 95%CI=1.003–1.040, P=0.021) were the risk factors. Conclusion    The risk factors of postoperative cough symptoms in lung cancer patients are the condition of preoperative cough symptoms and anesthesia time.

Objective To study the application value of CD10,desmin and vimentin in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of special types of uterine tumors.Methods The clinical data of 79 cases of special types of uterine cancer were retrospectively analyzed.CD10,desmin and vimentin were detected respectively by immunohistochemical streptavidin-perosidase(SP) method.Results The positive rates of CD10 in endometrial stromal sarcoma,epithelioid leiomyoma,atypical leiomyoma,leiomyosarcoma,carcinosarcoma were 76.2%,0.0%,13.3%,30.8%,75.0%,respectively.The positive rates of vimentin in endometrial stromal sarcoma,epithelioid leiomyoma,atypical leiomyoma,leiomyosarcoma,carcinosarcoma were 100.0%,5.6%,0.0%,46.2%,83.3%,respectively.The positive rates of desmin in endometrial stromal sarcoma,epithelioid leiomyoma,atypical leiomyoma,leiomyosarcoma,carcinosarcoma were 0.0%,61.1%,53.3%,30.8%,0.0%,respectively.The positive rates of vimentin and CD10 in endometrial stromal sarcoma and carcinosarcoma were all significantly higher than those in atypical leiomyoma,epithelioid leiomyoma(CD10:χ2=23.255,13.829,15.880,8.102,all P=0.000;vimentin:χ2=35.159,36.000,15.556,16.440,all P=0.000).The positive rates of desmin in atypical leiomyoma,epithelioid leiomyoma tissues were significantly higher than those in endometrial interstitial sarcomas,carcinosarcoma(χ2=11.480,6.717,17.875,9.097,all P=0.000).Conclusion CD10,desmin and vimentin can be used as sensitive indicators for the differential diagnosis of uterine tumors with special types.

Objective To study the expression of Stathmin gene in ovarian cancer tissue and its valuation value on effect of Paclitaxel combined with cisplatin chemotherapy.Methods 92 cases of ovarian cancerpatients underwent surgical and postoperative chemotherapy treatment in our hospital during July 2012 to February 2016 were selected with research subject.The expression of Stathmin gene in ovarian cancer tissues and adjacent tissues was measured by fluorescence quantitative PCR.All ovarian cancer patients were divided into high Stathmin group and low Stathmin group with 46 cases according to the expression of Stathmin gene in ovarian cancer tissues.Comparison the chemotherapy effectin ovarian cancerpatients with different Stathmin gene expression.Results The expression of Stathmin mRNA in ovarian cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues(P<0.05).After chemotherapy, serum tumor markers such as HE4, CA199, CA153, β-HCG in high Stathmin group were higher than those in low Stathmin group, angiogenesis indexes such as CXCR4, SDF-1, VEGF, Ang2 were lower than those in low Stathmin group, apoptotic indexes such as Fas/Apo-1 and Bcl-2 were higher than those in low Stathmin group(P<0.05).Conclusion Stathmin gene is highly expressed in ovarian cancer tissues, and the expression of Stathmin is negatively correlated with chemotherapy.