Objective To explore the application of failure mode and effects analysis(FMEA)in hospital infection control of flexible endoscope cleaning and disinfection.Methods Take the endoscopes cleaned and disinfected in the endoscopy center of a large hospital from October 2020 to October 2021 as the control group,then use the FMEA risk assessment method to manage the whole process of cleaning and disinfection of flexible endoscopes,and take the cleaned and disinfected endoscopes optimized after the intervention from November 2021 to November 2022 as the test group,compare the monitoring results and disinfection qualification rates of risk priority number(RPN),endoscopic disinfection,medical compressed air,and rinse water microorganisms in two main failure modes.Results After FMEA optimization,the RPN values of the six main failure modes decreased significantly.The qualification rates of gastroscope and enteroscope disinfection increased from 88.03％ and 73.08％ to 97.44％ and 96.15％ respectively,the qualification rates of rinsing water and compressed air for drying increased from 30.00％ and 65.00％ to 95.00％ and 95.00％ respectively,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The monitoring of rinsing water and dry gas,the training of homogeneity specification,and the improvement of supporting cleaning consumables are high-risk links in the cleaning and disinfection process of endoscopes.The process supervision should be strengthened,and the implementation of FMEA plays an important role in improving the qualification rate of cleaning and disinfection of endoscopes.

The increasing trend of multidrug-resistant organism(MDRO)infection in rehabilitation medical insti-tutions has become one of the major challenges in the global public health field.On one hand,this is due to the fact that rehabilitation patients themselves have a variety of susceptibility factors,such as older age,complex underlying diseases,low immune function,long length of hospital stay,and frequent use of antimicrobial agents in the early stage;on the other hand,the improper implementation of prevention and control measures in rehabilitation medical institutions also provides opportunities for the spread of MDRO.This paper reviews domestic and foreign research literatures,summarizes the current status of MDRO infection and progress in prevention and control measures in re-habilitation medical institutions,hoping to reduce the risk of infection in patient and improve the quality of medical care.

In recent years,the escalating risks of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)and the transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms have emerged as significant global public health challenges,posing a grave threat to medical care quality and safety.HAI prevention and control are confronted with issues such as pathogen transmis-sion complex routes,dynamic changes in infection risks of specific populations,and the lag in traditional monitoring methods.Traditional HAI management model relies on manual monitoring and information systems,presenting pre-dicaments such as low efficiency,fragmented data,and delayed warnings.Artificial intelligence(AI)technology in-tegrates electronic health records(EHRs),vital signs,and other clinical data to develop predictive models based on machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL),and has enhanced multimodal data fusion and real-time dynamic analysis capabilities,demonstrating significant advantages in risk prediction,early diagnosis,and precision interven-tion of HAI.This paper systematically reviews the developmental trajectory,scientific achievements,and innovative practices of AI technology in HAI management,delves into existing bottlenecks such as data quality,algorithm relia-bility,and ethical norms,aiming to provide theoretical and practical references for establishing intelligent and pre-cise HAI prevention and control system.

Objective To explore the application of failure mode and effects analysis(FMEA)in hospital infection control of flexible endoscope cleaning and disinfection.Methods Take the endoscopes cleaned and disinfected in the endoscopy center of a large hospital from October 2020 to October 2021 as the control group,then use the FMEA risk assessment method to manage the whole process of cleaning and disinfection of flexible endoscopes,and take the cleaned and disinfected endoscopes optimized after the intervention from November 2021 to November 2022 as the test group,compare the monitoring results and disinfection qualification rates of risk priority number(RPN),endoscopic disinfection,medical compressed air,and rinse water microorganisms in two main failure modes.Results After FMEA optimization,the RPN values of the six main failure modes decreased significantly.The qualification rates of gastroscope and enteroscope disinfection increased from 88.03％ and 73.08％ to 97.44％ and 96.15％ respectively,the qualification rates of rinsing water and compressed air for drying increased from 30.00％ and 65.00％ to 95.00％ and 95.00％ respectively,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The monitoring of rinsing water and dry gas,the training of homogeneity specification,and the improvement of supporting cleaning consumables are high-risk links in the cleaning and disinfection process of endoscopes.The process supervision should be strengthened,and the implementation of FMEA plays an important role in improving the qualification rate of cleaning and disinfection of endoscopes.

The increasing trend of multidrug-resistant organism(MDRO)infection in rehabilitation medical insti-tutions has become one of the major challenges in the global public health field.On one hand,this is due to the fact that rehabilitation patients themselves have a variety of susceptibility factors,such as older age,complex underlying diseases,low immune function,long length of hospital stay,and frequent use of antimicrobial agents in the early stage;on the other hand,the improper implementation of prevention and control measures in rehabilitation medical institutions also provides opportunities for the spread of MDRO.This paper reviews domestic and foreign research literatures,summarizes the current status of MDRO infection and progress in prevention and control measures in re-habilitation medical institutions,hoping to reduce the risk of infection in patient and improve the quality of medical care.

In recent years,the escalating risks of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)and the transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms have emerged as significant global public health challenges,posing a grave threat to medical care quality and safety.HAI prevention and control are confronted with issues such as pathogen transmis-sion complex routes,dynamic changes in infection risks of specific populations,and the lag in traditional monitoring methods.Traditional HAI management model relies on manual monitoring and information systems,presenting pre-dicaments such as low efficiency,fragmented data,and delayed warnings.Artificial intelligence(AI)technology in-tegrates electronic health records(EHRs),vital signs,and other clinical data to develop predictive models based on machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL),and has enhanced multimodal data fusion and real-time dynamic analysis capabilities,demonstrating significant advantages in risk prediction,early diagnosis,and precision interven-tion of HAI.This paper systematically reviews the developmental trajectory,scientific achievements,and innovative practices of AI technology in HAI management,delves into existing bottlenecks such as data quality,algorithm relia-bility,and ethical norms,aiming to provide theoretical and practical references for establishing intelligent and pre-cise HAI prevention and control system.

Cyclic lipopeptide has extensive application prospect in the field of medicine due to its unique chemical structure and biological activity. This study aims to obtain high purity of cyclic lipopeptide monomer from Bacillus amyloliquefaciems strain Q-426, and illuminate preliminary antitumor mechanism of C-15 Bacillomycin D and C-16 Bacillomycin D. Firstly, crude cyclic lipopeptide solution was prepared by two-steps purification of acid precipitation and double-resins chromatography. In order to obtain purer product preparative HPLC was utilized to separate and purify cyclic lipopeptide. Component 1 and component 2 were detected as C-15 Bacillomycin D and C-16 Bacillomycin D by HPLC-MS and ESI-MS/MS. Secondly, the effect of C-15 Bacillomycin D, C-16 Bacillomycin D and their mixture (1:1, mol:mol) on cell proliferation was measured using human cancer cells (Hela, MG, Hep-G2 and HT-29). The cyclic peptide showed a dose dependent manner on the cell proliferation inhibition of Hela and MG cells. Finally, the results of the scratch wound healing assay and FACS analysis revealed that C-16 Bacillomycin D can effectively influence the cells migration and the cells treated with C-16 Bacillomycin D showed typical apoptotic morphology with the increase of drug concentration in the early apoptosis, late apoptosis percentage increased, and G₀G₁ arrest was induced significantly.

Cell-free protein expression system is a new method to express target protein in vitro and has been widely applied to the study of protein structure, protein function and other related fields. Preparation of cell extract is one of the key factors that affect the efficiency of the cell-free system. To improve the efficiency and economical feasibility of cell-free protein synthesis, we discussed the parameters during the preparation of the cell extract. These parameters include centrifugation speed, pre-incubation, and dialysis. We used the green fluorescent protein as the reporter protein, and obtained a simple procedure for the preparation of Escherichia coli cell extract. A simple centrifugation step (12 000 x g, 10 min) followed by a brief incubation was sufficient for the preparation of an active cell extract to support protein expression with higher productivity (209 microg/mL). Compared to the traditional E. coli S30 procedure, the processing time was reduced by 62%, and the productivity was increased by 2.6 times. The new procedure will make the advantage of cell-free technology more obvious, and promote its wider application.
Cell Fractionation ; methods ; Cell-Free System ; Escherichia coli ; cytology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli Proteins ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; metabolism