Oral and intestinal microbiota are two of the most complex microbiota in the human body which play important roles in maintaining various physiological balances.Assisted reproductive technology(ART)is an in vitro treatment of gametes and embryos to help women conceive and produce healthy fetuses.Current assisted reproductive technology ART includes in vitro fertilization with or without oocyte intracytoplasmic sperm injection(IVF/ICSI).The ectopic colonization of oral-gut microbiota,their metabolites,and im-mune regulation mechanisms may affect the outcomes of assisted reproduction.This article mainly reviews the ways,mechanisms and potential beneficial interventions of oral and intestinal microbiota on women receiving artificial assisted reproductive therapy.

Radiotherapy can cause functional and morphological changes in the brain tissues of patients with primary or metastatic malignant brain tumors, leading to radiation-induced brain injury. However, the pathogenesis of radiation-induced brain injury has not yet been unanimously determined, and its research advances and treatment protocols are yet to be elucidated and improved. In this study, we explore the pathogenesis of radiation-induced brain injury from the perspective of vascular injury, inflammatory reactions, neuronal dysfunction, glial cell injury, and gut microbiota and reviewed the advances in research on its treatment and prevention. The purpose is to provide a reference and theoretical basis for the research and clinical diagnosis and treatment of radiation-induced brain injury.

To study the role of BAMBI in adipogenesis, we constructed lentivirus interfering vector targeting on porcine BAMBI, packaged and infected the porcine preadipocyte. The differentiation state of preadipocyte was detected by Oil Red O staining and Oil Red O extraction assay and the expression levels of adipogenic marker genes were detected by Real-time qPCR and Werstern bloting. Results show that BAMBI expression was significant decreased after lentivirus infection, which was repressed more than 60% by shRNA2. Moreover, knockdown BAMBI increased the lipid accumulation of porcine preadipocyte and improved the expression of PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ) and ap2 (adipocyte protein 2). In summary, these data indicated that BAMBI inhibited adipocyte differentiation by facilitating the phosphorylation of ERK1/2.
Adipocytes ; cytology ; Adipogenesis ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; PPAR gamma ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Swine

To clarify the function of miR-103 in the differentiation of porcine preadipocyte, we carried out real-time PCR to detect the expression pattern of miR-103 during adipogenesis, and clarified its expression tendency through cell differentiation. Then we used adenovirus that overexpressed miR-103 to infect porcine preadipocyte. Subsequently, mRNA and protein expression of adipogenesis marker--PPARgamma and aP2 was analyzed by real-time PCR and Western blotting. At last, Oil-Red O staining was used to detect lipids accumulation in the 8th day after adipogenic inducement. The expression of miR-103 increased during adipocyte differentiation; compared with the control, the preadipocyte infected by pAd-miR-103 had an elevated expression level of adipocyte marker gene PPARgamma, aP2, and obvious lipid droplet was seen in the 8th day after adipogenic inducement. These results showed that miR-103 can enhance adipogenesis in primary cultured porcine adipocytes.
Adenoviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Adipocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Adipogenesis ; genetics ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Differentiation ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; PPAR gamma ; genetics ; metabolism ; Primary Cell Culture ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Swine ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo observe the influence of natural borneol and synthetic borneol on mucosal permeability of Gardenia extract.

METHODTaken frog skin as a vitro model to study the vitro mucosal permeation the impacts of the natural borneols and synthetic borneols on the P(app) of the Jasminoidin were studied, and the effect of different borneols on the stability of Jasminoidin were investigated. Compared the 10 h accumulated infiltration rate of each group the effects of influence factors,such as C(Ge), C(B) and rotation speed on P(app) were investigated by using response surface method.

RESULTThe P(app) of Jasminoidin of natural borneol and synthetic borneol group were 1.44 fold and 1.77 fold of control group (P < 0.01). For two borneol groups, the results also showed a significant difference too (P < 0.05). Jasminoidin began to degrade about 8 h after the effect of frog skin for control group and synthetic borneol group, but was stable within 12 h for natural borneol group. The accumulated permeation rate of 10 h was same for different borneol groups. It was about 1.3 fold of control group. The C(Ge) had a salinence influence on the P(app) (P < 0.01) and C(B) had a salience influence on time-lag (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONBoth the natural borneol and synthetic borneol can accelerate the permeation of Jasminoidin and the synthetic borneol has stronger effect on the P(app). Both two different borneol can reduce the degradation effect of frog skin to Jasminoidin, but the natural borneol has a better protect effect on it. By using more natural borneol, the mucosal permeability of Gardenia extract can be increased, the time-lag can be reduced, and Jasminoidin has better stability.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Bornanes ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacokinetics ; Dosage Forms ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Gardenia ; chemistry ; Iridoids ; pharmacology ; Mucous Membrane ; metabolism ; Nasal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Permeability ; Skin ; metabolism ; Skin Absorption