Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical clinical condition characterized by rapid renal function decline, with high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has shown potential effects on mitigating oxidative stress and programmed cell death in AKI models. Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SB) and Scleromitrion diffusum (Willd.) R. J. Wang (SD), a classic TCM herbal pair exhibited anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Using advanced chromatographic separation technology, we enriched the effective fractions of water extracts from SB-SD, obtaining self-assembled herbal nanoparticles (SB and SD nanoparticles, SSNPs) rich in flavonoids and terpenoids. These SSNPs demonstrated robust antioxidant properties in vitro and mitigated AKI progression in vivo by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. Oral administration of SSNPs in mice resulted in absorption into the bloodstream, formation of a protein corona, reduced macrophage phagocytosis, and enhanced bioavailability and renal targeting. Furthermore, we investigated the self-assembly principle of SSNPs using representative flavonoids and terpenoids. Kinetic studies and in situ transmission electron microscopy (in situ TEM) revealed that these compounds self-assemble via supramolecular forces like hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions, forming stable nanostructures. This study elucidates the renoprotective effects and mechanisms of SB and SD, and provides a novel approach for the development of TCM-based nanomedicines, highlighting the potential of nano-TCM in AKI treatment.

Objective:To observe the pregnancy outcomes of patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) after interventional treatment or expectant treatment.Methods:This prospective study followed up 398 patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion from March 2017 to September 2022 in seven hospitals. Among them, 267 patients were diagnosed with URSA, including 124 patients who were initially diagnosed in the interventional treatment hospital and 143 patients who were initially diagnosed in the expectant treatment hospital. All URSA patients were followed up for 33 months. Ongoing pregnancy rates were observed as main outcome indicators.Results:A total of 127 patients became pregnant, and 107 of them had sustained pregnancies, the ongoing pregnancy rate was 84.25% (107/127). The ongoing pregnancy rate was 86.11% (31/36) in the interventional treatment group and 83.52% (76/91) in the expectant treatment group, with no significant difference ( P>0.05). During the follow-up, the ongoing pregnancy rates in the interventional treatment hospital and the expectant treatment hospital were 75.71% (53/70) and 94.74% (54/57), respectively, with a significant difference ( P<0.05). The ongoing pregnancy rate after interventional treatment in the interventional treatment hospital was 82.76% (24/29), which was similar to the 94.00% (47/50) after expectant treatment in the expectant treatment hospital ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The ongoing pregnancy rate of interventional treatment for URSA patients has not been significantly improved, suggesting that it may not be necessary to carry out this treatment.

Cerebral small vessel disease represents a group of common vascular disorders involving pathological changes in arterioles,capillaries and venules,with microvascular investigation remaining a key challenge in stroke.With high signal-to-noise ratio and high contrast enabled by enhanced field strength,7T MRI can surpass the resolution limits of 3T MRI,revealing structural and functional abnormalities in cerebral small vessels below 400 μm,as well as detecting subtle lesions in brain tissue.This paper reviews the research progress of multimodal high-resolution imaging techniques based on 7T MRI,such as time-of-flight angiography,phase contrast imaging and susceptibility imaging,in the study of cerebral small vessel disease.Utilizing these technologies,7T MRI can clearly display the structure of cerebral small vessels,such as the lenticulostriate arteries and deep medullary veins,and measure functional parameters like flow velocity and susceptibility.Additionally,it can sensitively detect cerebral microbleeds and cortical cerebral microinfarct.These imaging data provide valuable information for detecting early features of cerebral small vessel disease and assessing its progression,offering new insights into its pathogenesis.Combined with artificial intelligence-based image analysis methods,7T MRI holds great promise for early diagnosis and progression evaluation in cerebral small vessel disease.

The aim of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively detect coronavirus(CoV)in the feces of bats from Qinghua Cave,Yunnan Province,China.CoV was qualitatively tested with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),and homology and genetic evolution were analyzed with bioinformatics software.The established reverse transcription real-time fluores-cence quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)method was applied to CoV quantification in bat feces.The positivity rate of CoV in 306 fecal samples collected from the fulvous fruit bat(Rousettus leschenaultia)was 7.8%(24/306)according to RT-PCR.All 24 strains of CoV belonged to β-CoV,and showed a similarity of 86.8%-100.0%at the nucleotide level and 95.2%-100.0%at the amino acid level,with respect to other β-CoV sequences in the NCBI database.The positivity rate of CoV was 18.6%(57/306)according to qRT-PCR,a value higher than that according to RT-PCR(χ2=25.3,P<0.05).The mean β-CoV load was 1.3×103 copies/μL.In conclusion,the bats in Qinghua Cave,Yunnan Province,carried CoV belonging to β-CoV.The established qRT-PCR method achieved good sensitiv-ity,accuracy,reproducibility,and a higher detection rate than that of RT-PCR,and can be used for rapid detection of β-CoV in bats.

Objective:To observe the pregnancy outcomes of patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) after interventional treatment or expectant treatment.Methods:This prospective study followed up 398 patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion from March 2017 to September 2022 in seven hospitals. Among them, 267 patients were diagnosed with URSA, including 124 patients who were initially diagnosed in the interventional treatment hospital and 143 patients who were initially diagnosed in the expectant treatment hospital. All URSA patients were followed up for 33 months. Ongoing pregnancy rates were observed as main outcome indicators.Results:A total of 127 patients became pregnant, and 107 of them had sustained pregnancies, the ongoing pregnancy rate was 84.25% (107/127). The ongoing pregnancy rate was 86.11% (31/36) in the interventional treatment group and 83.52% (76/91) in the expectant treatment group, with no significant difference ( P>0.05). During the follow-up, the ongoing pregnancy rates in the interventional treatment hospital and the expectant treatment hospital were 75.71% (53/70) and 94.74% (54/57), respectively, with a significant difference ( P<0.05). The ongoing pregnancy rate after interventional treatment in the interventional treatment hospital was 82.76% (24/29), which was similar to the 94.00% (47/50) after expectant treatment in the expectant treatment hospital ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The ongoing pregnancy rate of interventional treatment for URSA patients has not been significantly improved, suggesting that it may not be necessary to carry out this treatment.

The aim of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively detect coronavirus(CoV)in the feces of bats from Qinghua Cave,Yunnan Province,China.CoV was qualitatively tested with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),and homology and genetic evolution were analyzed with bioinformatics software.The established reverse transcription real-time fluores-cence quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)method was applied to CoV quantification in bat feces.The positivity rate of CoV in 306 fecal samples collected from the fulvous fruit bat(Rousettus leschenaultia)was 7.8%(24/306)according to RT-PCR.All 24 strains of CoV belonged to β-CoV,and showed a similarity of 86.8%-100.0%at the nucleotide level and 95.2%-100.0%at the amino acid level,with respect to other β-CoV sequences in the NCBI database.The positivity rate of CoV was 18.6%(57/306)according to qRT-PCR,a value higher than that according to RT-PCR(χ2=25.3,P<0.05).The mean β-CoV load was 1.3×103 copies/μL.In conclusion,the bats in Qinghua Cave,Yunnan Province,carried CoV belonging to β-CoV.The established qRT-PCR method achieved good sensitiv-ity,accuracy,reproducibility,and a higher detection rate than that of RT-PCR,and can be used for rapid detection of β-CoV in bats.

Cerebral small vessel disease represents a group of common vascular disorders involving pathological changes in arterioles,capillaries and venules,with microvascular investigation remaining a key challenge in stroke.With high signal-to-noise ratio and high contrast enabled by enhanced field strength,7T MRI can surpass the resolution limits of 3T MRI,revealing structural and functional abnormalities in cerebral small vessels below 400 μm,as well as detecting subtle lesions in brain tissue.This paper reviews the research progress of multimodal high-resolution imaging techniques based on 7T MRI,such as time-of-flight angiography,phase contrast imaging and susceptibility imaging,in the study of cerebral small vessel disease.Utilizing these technologies,7T MRI can clearly display the structure of cerebral small vessels,such as the lenticulostriate arteries and deep medullary veins,and measure functional parameters like flow velocity and susceptibility.Additionally,it can sensitively detect cerebral microbleeds and cortical cerebral microinfarct.These imaging data provide valuable information for detecting early features of cerebral small vessel disease and assessing its progression,offering new insights into its pathogenesis.Combined with artificial intelligence-based image analysis methods,7T MRI holds great promise for early diagnosis and progression evaluation in cerebral small vessel disease.

Objective To analyze the hot spots and trends of digital intelligence technology research in intensive care unit(ICU).Methods ICU digital intelligence technology related literature collected in Web of Science core database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,VIP Chinese Journal Service Platform were searched,and the retrieval period is from the establishment of the database to December 12,2023,and visualized analysis was performed by CiteSpace software.Results 700 Chinese literatures and 1705 English literatures were included.Conclusion A total of 18 clusters were formed in Chinese literature,including smart phones,data mining,ventricular premature beats,sepsis,etc.A total of 17 clusters were formed in English literature,including deep learning,expert systems,natural language processing,physiological characteristics,etc.Among them,risk prediction model and clinical decision support are the trends of future research.Conclusion By broadening the scope of diseases and populations,joint artificial intelligence research and development of wearable devices and intelligent detection cloud systems,robots,etc.,is the development trend of the future application field of ICU digital intelligence technology.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of the preventive device for foot stress injury in bedridden patients with stroke.Methods A total of 166 patients with stroke who were hospitalized in the department of intensive care unit(ICU)of Hangzhou First People's Hospital from March 2021 to March 2022 were selected as the study subjects.The experimental design of the quantitative study was adopted,and the patients were divided into the control group(ICU 4th floor patients)and the observation group(ICU 5th floor patients)according to the different ward of ICU,with 83 cases in each group.Nurses were also grouped according to this method(41 in observation group,43 in control group).Both groups received conventional treatment and nursing care to prevent pressure injury.The control group was depressurized by sponge ring or existing pillow,and the foot sagging was prevented by T-shoe lined towel.The observation group used the self-designed and developed foot pressure injury prevention device for bedridden patients.The incidence of foot stress injury and foot drop,as well as the satisfaction of patients with using the preventive device for foot stress and the satisfaction of nurses with operating the preventive device for foot stress were observed.Results The incidence of foot pressure injury and foot drop in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group[incidence of foot pressure injury:3.61%(3/83)vs.8.43%(7/83),the incidence of foot drop:9.64%(8/83)vs.16.87%(14/83),both P<0.05].The satisfaction of patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group[91.6%(76/83)vs.79.5%(66/83),P<0.05],and nurse satisfaction in the observation group was higher than that in the control group[95.1%(39/41)vs.86.0%(37/43)],but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The foot stress injury prevention device is suitable for patients with severe stroke in bed,which can effectively reduce the incidence of stress injury and foot drop,improve the satisfaction of patients and operators,and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To analyze three-dimensional(3D)radiographic characterizations of bone island(BI)in jaw using cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT).Methods CBCT data from four thousand patients were selected,reconstructed and analyzed using NNT 10.0 software.The sagittal,coronal and axial planes were used to analyze the 3D radiographic characteristics of BIs,including the localization,shape,density,boundary,the relationship between BIs and tooth and bone cortex,diameter and anatomical structures and complications involved.Their relationship with gender were analyzed.Results A total of 803 people had BIs,with the prevalence rate of 20.08%,including 338 males with 389 BIs and 465 females with 526 BIs.Both males and females had a dominant BI,and the ratio between male and female was 1∶1.38,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The BIs of both male and female mostly occurred in the mandibular premolars and molars area,and appeared irregular in shape,dense and contact with lingual bone cortex.Mostly BIs were apical type and with unclear boundary.The mean maximum diameter of mesial/distal direction was greater than buccal/lingual direction(P＜0.05).The most commonly involved anatomy structure was the inferior alveolar neural canal,cortical infil-tration and mental foramen.Conclusion There are no significant differences between males and females in the three-dimensional image characteristics of BIs in Chinese populations.CBCT can accurately and comprehensively analyze the 3D radiographic characteris-tics of BI and its relationship with the surrounding teeth and bone.