Objective To evaluate the dissolution effects of pediatric ammonium urate stones in solutions with different pH values, so as to provide reference for the clinical treatment of this type of stones. Methods Eight pure ammonium urate stones(ammonium urate content ≥90%)of similar size and mass(median mass 4.6 g)were obtained from 8 children(＜14 years)undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy at the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The stones were placed in sodium chloride solutions with pH values of 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, and 8.5 and artificial urine with pH values of 4. 6, 5.0, 7.0, and 8.5 at a constant temperature of 37 ℃. The mass of the stones was recorded before placement and at 24, 48, and 72 h after placement. The dissolution rates of the stones were calculated. Results The pediatric ammonium urate stones could be dissolved in sodium chloride solution, and the total dissolution rate was the highest(94.6%)after 72 hours when the pH value was 6.0. The total dissolution rate of ammonium urate stones in artificial urine after 72 hours were all over 50%, and the total dissolution rate was the highest(79.7%)when the pH value was 4.6. Conclusion Pediatric ammonium urate stones are soluble in sodium chloride solution and artificial urine, and the total dissolution rate is higher in acidic environment.

Infertility is a common reproductive disorder affecting millions of couples worldwide. It is estimated that male factors account for about 30%-50% of infertility cases, and some studies have found that the concentration of male sperm gradually decreases over time, a trend that suggests the importance of male fertility. Many factors contribute to the decline of male fertility, among which environmental factors have received widespread attention. After reaching adulthood, spermatogonial stem cells will continue to produce sperm, but these cells exist outside the blood testicular barrier, which makes them highly sensitive to environmental conditions such as air pollution, tobacco smoke, radiation, and heavy metals. It is reported that exposure to these adverse environmental factors not only causes oxidative stress and DNA damage to germ cells, but also leads to abnormal epigenetic modification of sperm DNA, thereby causing a series of diseases. This article reviewed the abnormal methylation changes in DNA associated with exposure to environmental pollutants during spermatogenesis and how these changes affect the quantity, quality, and function of spermatozoa.

Objective To investigate the ameliorative effect of Qihuakeli,a Hani formula,on glycolipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus by in vivo and in vitro experiments.Methods Rat liver mesenchymal stromal cells(BRL-3A)were inoculated in six-well plates and divided into blank,palmitic acid,fenofibrate,and Qihuakeli serum-containing 5.4,10.8,and 21.6 g/kg groups.Except for the blank group,the remaining groups were intervened with 0.2 mmol/L palmitic acid(PA)for 24 hour,and then added with drug-containing serum,and then continued to incubate for 24 hour.The proliferation rate of BRL-3A cells in each group was determined.Total cholesterol(T-CHO),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)concentrations in the supernatant of each cell group were measured,cell culture medium was aspirated and discarded,triglyceride(TG)concentration in the cell lysate.The lipid content of the cells was determined by measuring and staining with red oil.Meanwhile,45 rats were taken and divided into blank group,model group,fenofibrate group(0.225 g/kg),Qihuakeli compound 5.4 g/kg group,and Qihuakeli compound 10.8 g/kg group,the blank group was given normal feed and the rest of the groups were given high-fat feed for 42 day.Beginning on the 43rd day,each group,except the blank group,was injected with a single intraperitoneal injection of Starting from the 43rd day,except the blank group,each group was given a one-time intraperitoneal injection of 0.25%streptozotocin(STZ)solution,and at the same time,the corresponding drugs were given by gavage for 14 day.The rats'weight gain and liver index were measured.Serum fasting blood glucose(FBG)and fasting insulin(FINS)were detected,and the insulin resistance index(ISI)was calculated.Serum free fatty acid(FFA)levels and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in liver tissue were also detected.HE staining was used to detect pathological changes in the pancreas.Pathological changes were observed in the tissues,and islet α and β cell expression was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared to the PA group,the accumulation rate of BRL-3A cells was significantly higher(P<0.01)in the 10.8 and 21.6 g/kg Qihuakeli-containing serum groups.The levels of T-CHO,LDL-C and TG in the 5.4 and 21.6 g/kg serum groups were significantly lower(P<0.05),and HDL-C levels significantly increased(P<0.05).Oil red staining results showed that lipids in the cytoplasm of the 5.4,10.8 and 21.6 g/kg.Qihuacel-containing groups significantly reduced.Compared to the model group,the body weight of the 10.8 g/kg group containing Qihuakeli granules increased significantly(P<0.05).The liver index of the 5.4 g/kg group containing Qihuakeli decreased significantly(P<0.05).The serum indices of FBG,FINS,FFA and insulin resistance of the 5 g/kg group containing Qihuakeli decreased significantly(P<0.05).In the 5.4,10.8 g/kg groups,all serum FBG,FINS,FFA and insulin resistance indices significantly reduced in the 5.4 and 10.8 g/kg Qihuakeli groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).TNF-α levels were significantly reduced(P<0.01).HE staining showed that a small number of lymphocytes were scattered in the pancreatic ducts and perivascular area of the rats in the Qihuakeli 5.4 and 10.8 g/kg groups,the local vasodilatation was observed,the number of pancreatic islet cells and the area of islet cells significantly increased.Immunohistochemical study was further used.The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the area of pancreatic islet α-cells significantly reduced and the area of pancreatic islet β-cells significantly increased in Qihuakeli 5.4 and 10.8 g/kg groups.Conclusion Qihuakeli compound improved glucose-lipid metabolism in T2DM,probably by improving the function of pancreatic islet cells,increasing the sensitivity of insulin to blood glucose,improving insulin resistance,decreasing the secretion of insulin and glucagon,and thus lowering the level of fasting blood glucose.Meanwhile,by decreasing the content of TNF-α,inhibiting lipolysis in the body,and promoting the uptake of FFA by adipocytes,and further lowering the FFA.Thus,it regulates the levels of TG,T-CHO,HDL-C and LDL-C,improves the abnormalities of glucose and lipid metabolism,and alleviates T2DM.

Objective:To investigate whether malignant tumors affect the laboratory outcomes of patients in their first controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) cycle.Methods:This study was a retrospective case-control study that analyzed the clinical and laboratory data of patients who underwent fertility preservation before chemotherapy and radiotherapy due to malignant tumors, as well as patients with infertility caused by tubal factors who first underwent in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) at the Reproductive Health Hospital of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2020 to May 2024. Patients who underwent fertility preservation were designated as the research group, while patients who underwent assisted reproduction due to tubal factors during the same period were designated as control group. After 1∶3 propensity score matching (PSM), 40 patients were included in the research group and 118 patients were included in control group. The ovarian response, oocyte retrieval outcomes, and embryonic development after fertilization in the first COH cycle were compared between the two groups. Results:After PSM, the research group and control group showed statistically significant differences in the gonadotropin (Gn) starting dosage [225.00 (162.50, 300.00) U vs. 193.75 (150.00, 225.00) U, P=0.002], duration of Gn used [10.00 (8.00, 11.00) d vs. 12.00 (10.00, 13.00) d, P<0.001], and average estradiol levels on human chorionic gonadotropin trigger day [2 487.00 (1 461.25, 4 090.25) pmol/L vs. 10 738.50 (8 400.00, 16 507.25) pmol/L, P<0.001]. However, no statistically significant difference was found in the total dosages of Gn used between the two groups ( P>0.05). There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of the number of oocytes retrieved, the number of metaphase Ⅱ oocytes, two pronuclei (2PN) rate, 2PN cleavage rate, available embryo rate, high-quality embryo rate, blastocyst formation rate, and available blastocyst formation rate (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Compared with infertility patients with tubal factors, there is no significant difference in the laboratory outcomes of malignant tumor patients undergoing COH for fertility preservation prior to chemotherapy and radiation.

Objective:To investigate the effects of male body mass index (BMI) on semen parameters and perinatal outcomes following artificial insemination by husband (AIH) treatment.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 5 053 patients underwent AIH treatment at the Reproductive Health Hospital of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, from January 2017 to February 2024. The study focused on factors such as male semen parameter abnormalities, male sexual dysfunction, female cervical factors, reproductive tract malformations, and unexplained infertility. Patients were classified into three groups based on male BMI: normal weight group (18.5-23.9 kg/m2, n=1 673), overweight group (24.0-27.9 kg/m2, n=2 078), and obese group (BMI≥28.0 kg/m2, n=1 302). The primary objective was to assess the differences in semen parameters and perinatal outcomes among the three groups. Multivariable logistic regression and linear regression analyses were applied to adjust for potential confounders that could influence semen parameters and perinatal outcomes. Results:Semen volume in the normal weight group and overweight group [4.00 (3.00, 5.50) mL, 4.00 (3.00, 5.50) mL] was higher than that in the obese group [4.00 (3.00, 5.00) mL], with a significant difference among the three groups ( P<0.001, a P<0.001). The total sperm count in the normal group and overweight group [207.60 (121.90, 341.75)×10 6, 211.80 (119.88, 334.83)×10 6] was higher than that in the obese group [188.40 (110.96, 323.41)×10 6], with a significant difference among the three groups ( P=0.007, a P<0.001). The total progressive sperm motility count in the normal group [88.18 (43.63, 163.80)×10 6] was higher than that in the obese group [75.30 (40.29, 147.86)×10 6], with a significant difference among the three groups ( P=0.001, a P<0.001). The percentage of forward motile sperm in the normal group [(45.37±17.16)%] was higher than that in the overweight group [(44.03±17.36)%] and the obese group [(43.80±17.21)%], with a significant difference compared among the three groups ( P=0.020, a P=0.016]. In terms of perinatal outcomes, after multivariate logistic regression analysis, only the overweight and obese groups had higher newborn birth weights [(3 389.53±472.65) g, (3 408.57±507.90) g] compared with the normal group [(3 271.32±532.02) g], with a significant difference among the three groups ( P=0.010, a P=0.009). Conclusion:Higher male BMI is associated with decreased semen quality and may increase newborn birth weight following AIH treatment.

Under the guidance of China′s national innovation-driven development strategy, advancing the deep integration of industry-academia-research in the healthcare sector has become a crucial pathway for enhancing medical technology levels and promoting high-quality development of hospitals. In 2021, Peking University Third Hospital established a hospital-enterprise joint research and development platform centered on hospital leadership, grounded in collaborative innovation theory. By translating the theoretical principles of " goal alignment, resource complementarity, risk sharing, and benefit sharing" into a multidimensional institutional framework, dynamic consensus mechanisms, and specialized support systems, the hospital developed a multi-tiered implementation pathway of " strategic guidance-platform implementation-research and development deployment". This approach enabled precise matching of resources and needs, efficiently advancing the innovation, transformation, and application of medical technologies. By the end of 2024, the platform had established stable partnerships with 22 enterprises, cumulatively undertaken 123 clinical research projects, as well as achieved a series of breakthroughs in fields such as cell therapy and intelligent imaging. This platform could solve problems such as divergent goals and institutional deficiencies in traditional medical enterprise cooperation, which could help to form a good innovation ecosystem and provide reference and inspiration for the construction of China′s medical technology innovation system.

Objective:To explore the effective way to improve the protection efficiency of intellectual property rights of medical institutions in the field of biomedicine by building an efficient patent pre-examination management system, so as to promote the transformation of achievements.Methods:Through literature review, case analysis and combined with the actual examination situation of the intellectual property protection center, the study analyzed and summarized the characteristics of long R&D cycle, rapid technology iteration, multidisciplinary intersection in the field of biomedicine, and the necessity of hospitals to carry out patent pre-examination work.Results:The pre-examination awareness of scientific researchers in medical institutions was weak, the drafting of application documents was not standardized, and the patent achievements were out of touch with the market.Conclusions:To accelerate intellectual property conversion of innovation achievements, innovation management strategies should be implemented: standardized processes, pre-evaluation, professional team support, process control and talent cultivation.

Objective To analyze the efficacy of autologous tissue repair for rectocele through the perineal approach in treating constipation and fecal incontinence in patients.Methods From January 2021 to November 2022,23 female patients with symptomatic rectal protrusion were treated with perineal autologous tissue repair.Preoperatively and at 12 months postoperatively,the Cleveland Clinic Constipation Score(CCCS),Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score(CCIS),and Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life(PAC-QOL)questionnaires were used to assess postoperative outcomes and quality of life.Results Among the 23 patients,with a median follow-up time of 12.6 months,CCCS decreased from 17.09±1.68 to 3.96±2.08(P＜0.05);CCIS decreased from 1.52±4.15 to 0.52±1.41(P＞0.05);PAC-QOL:physical discomfort decreased from 13.00±1.51 to 4.74±1.98;psychological discomfort decreased from 20.96±3.27 to 5.74±2.67;concern and anxiety decreased from 26.13±4.37 to 8.78±3.14;satisfaction decreased from 15.39±2.35 to 4.60±1.59(P＜0.05).All patients showed significant improvement in constipation and incontinence symptoms postoperatively,with no serious postoperative complications and a marked improvement in postoperative quality of life.Conclusion Rectocele repair with perineal approach using autologous tissue is an effective and safe method,avoiding potential potential complications associated with grafts.

Objective To explore the risk factors for recurrent laryngeal nerve(RLN)invasion in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)based on ultrasound image characteristics,construct a regression equation,and explore its predictive value for providing a reference for the clinical prevention and treatment of RLN invasion in PTC patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1 195 patients who were pathologically diagnosed with PTC in the Affiliated TCM Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University from January 2020 to November 2024.These patients were divided into invasion group(n=28)and non-invasion group(n=1167)according to whether they had RLN invasion or not.The clinical data,pathological data and ultrasound image characteristics were compared between two groups.The risk factors for RLN invasion in PTC patients were identified using multifactorial Logistic regression to construct a regression equation which was then evaluated using the likelihood ratioχ2.Moreover,the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was utilized to assess the goodness of fit,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted to analyze the predictive value of the regression equation for RLN invasion in PTC patients,and the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated.Results The proportions of patients with tumor located in the posterior sagittal position,maximum tumor diameter≥1 cm,capsule contact and lymph node metastasis were higher in invasion group than in non-invasion group(P<0.05).Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis identified tumor located in the posterior sagittal position(OR=1.079,95%CI:1.031-1.129),maximum tumor diameter≥1 cm(OR=2.408,95%CI:1.256-4.617),capsule contact(OR=3.171,95%CI:1.724-5.833),and lymph node metastasis(OR=3.425,95%CI:1.884-6.226)as independent risk factors for RLN invasion in PTC patients(P<0.05).The regression equation was constructed as followed:logit(P)=-8.552+tumor located in the posterior sagittal position×0.076+maximum tumor diameter≥1 cm×0.879+capsule contact×1.154+lymph node metastasis×1.231.The likelihood ratioχ2 evaluation of the regression equation suggested that the regression equation was effectively constructed(P<0.001).Hosmer-Lemeshow test for the goodness of fit of the regression equation showed that the regression equation was well fitted(P>0.05).ROC curve analysis revealed that when logit(P)>0.875,the AUC value was 0.901(95%CI:0.882-0.917),with a sensitivity of 75.00%and a specificity of 88.95%.Conclusion The occurrence of RLN invasion in PTC patients is associated with tumor located in the posterior sagittal position,maximum tumor diameter≥1 cm,capsule contact,and lymph node metastasis,and the regression equations constructed based on these factors can well predict the occurrence of RLN invasion in PTC patients and is expected to provide an effective guidance for clinical practice.

In recent years,Artificial Intelligence(AI)has been recognized as a key driving force behind the new wave of technological revolution and industrial transformation,gaining significant attention in national top-level strategic planning.Sup-ported by AI technologies,the biopharmaceutical industry has experienced rapidly development,with unprecedented transforma-tions in key areas such as drug discovery,disease diagnosis,bioinformatics,and personalized medicine.This paper primarily summarizes the latest research progress and contributions of AI in these key areas of the biopharmaceutical industry,showcasing the remarkable achievements of AI in the sector.At the same time,it analyzes the challenges faced by AI technologies in the bio-pharmaceutical field,including data privacy protection,algorithm interpretability,and technological ethics,and explores the ur-gent issues that need to be addressed.The paper also looks ahead to new opportunities for AI to further drive innovation and de-velopment in the biopharmaceutical field,offering new perspectives for applied research in this domain.