Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability,and it particularly inflicts brain damage through various mechanisms.However,there is a significant gap in the availability of specific drugs for the treatment of ischemic stroke.Numerous studies have demonstrated that exercise preconditioning can provide protective ef-fects against ischemic stroke through complex mechanisms.In this review,we aim to summarize the amount of exercise re-quired to induce exercise preconditioning and its potential mechanisms for improving outcomes in ischemic stroke.The fol-lowing benefits of exercise preconditioning have been identified in relation to ischemic stroke:(1)reduction of cerebral edema and infarct size,while promoting angiogenesis;(2)preservation of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier,reduc-tion of apoptosis,and mitigation of neurological damage;(3)inhibition of glutamate overactivation,alleviation of oxida-tive stress,and improvement of the inflammatory response.Ultimately,exercise preconditioning mitigates the damage caused by ischemic stroke through these pathways.

AIM: To analyze the clinical efficacy of anterior-approach vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens suspension on lens dislocation caused by high-pressure water pipe injury in mines.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 92 patients with lens dislocation caused by high-pressure water pipe injury in mines who underwent surgical treatment in Pingmei Shenma Medical Group General Hospital from April 2022 to August 2024. Complying with different surgical methods, they were classified into the traditional group(n=45, traditional surgery)and the study group(n=47, anterior-approach vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens suspension). Two groups were compared in terms of best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and intraocular pressure at different time points before and after surgery, incidence of postoperative complications, and the visual function and quality of life questionnaire(VF-QOL)scores within 6 mo after surgery.RESULTS:There was comparability between the general information of the traditional group and the study group. Both groups showed a decrease in BCVA and intraocular pressure at 1, 3, and 6 mo postoperatively compared to preoperative levels(all P<0.05). Among them, the study group had lower BCVA(LogMAR)and intraocular pressure at 1, 3, and 6 mo postoperatively compared to the traditional group(all P<0.05). The study group had lower total incidence of postoperative complications than the traditional group(8% vs 26%, P<0.05). The study group had higher VF-QOL scores at 6 mo postoperatively than the traditional group(all P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Anterior-approach vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens suspension can effectively reduce intraocular pressure, clearly improve visual acuity and quality of life in patients with lens dislocation caused by high-pressure water pipe injury in mines, and have fewer postoperative complications.

Objective To investigate the current status of adverse drug reaction(ADR)monitoring in medical institu-tions under China's pharmacovigilance framework in Guangdong Province,and to propose evidence-based strategies for enhancing institutional monitoring capabilities.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire devel-oped in alignment with national regulatory requirements and expert consensus.Data were collected from 65 medical institutions,including general hospitals,traditional Chinese medicine hospitals,and maternal/children's hospitals,across 21 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong.Descriptive and comparative analyses were performed to evaluate institutional practices.Results All 65 in-stitutions submitted valid responses.Among them,63(96.9％)had established standardized ADR reporting protocols,with 93.8％(61/65)delegating oversight to pharmacy departments.ADR data were predominantly collected via institutional informa-tion systems(67.7％,44/65),though these systems focused on passive reporting and basic data aggregation,lacking functional-ities for active signal detection or risk alert mechanisms.Significant disparities(P＜0.05)were observed across hospitals of dif-ferent tiers in reporting modalities,system sophistication,analytical frequency,and early warning implementation.Notably,mo-nitoring practices for conditionally approved drugs(e.g.,emergency-authorized therapeutics)exhibited systemic deficiencies.Conclusions To address these gaps,the following measures are recommended:Accelerating the adoption of intelligent monito-ring systems to enable real-time ADR detection and predictive analytics;Implementing tiered resource allocation policies to ensure equitable capability development;Establishing specialized protocols for high-risk pharmaceuticals,particularly conditionally ap-proved and fast-tracked drugs;Strengthening interdisciplinary training programs to improve pharmacovigilance literacy among healthcare practitioners.These interventions aim to foster a proactive risk management culture and advance patient safety within China's evolving healthcare landscape.

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of dual-modality ultrasound,incorporating conventional ultrasound and ultrasound elastography,in combination with S-Detect for cervical lymph node metastasis(CLNM)in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 135 patients diagnosed with PTC who received treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University between November 2023 and August 2024.For all patients,clinical baseline characteristics,conventional ultrasound findings,ultrasound elastography results,and S-Detect analysis data were collected.Independent predictors of CLNM in PTC were identified,and predictive models were developed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were generated to compare the area under the curve(AUC)of the models.The most effective predictive model was selected to construct a risk probability nomogram,and the predictive performance and clinical applicability of this nomogram were subsequently evaluated.Results Age,maximum nodule diameter,boundary characteristics,capsular invasion,transverse-sectional morphological findings assessed by S-Detect,and ECI-based elasticity grading were identified as independent predictors of CLNM in PTC(all P<0.05).The AUC of the predictive model constructed using these six variables was 0.890(95%CI:0.835～0.945).The calibration curve demonstrated strong agreement between predicted and observed outcomes,and decision curve analysis indicated that the nomogram provided a favorable net clinical benefit within a threshold probability range of 2%to 91.5%.Conclusions Age,maximum nodule diameter,boundary characteristics,capsular invasion,sonographic features assessed by S-Detect in the transverse plane,and ECI-based elasticity grading are independent predictors of CLNM in PTC.A nomogram model incorporating these parameters demonstrates effective performance in predicting the likelihood of CLNM.

Objective To investigate the current status of adverse drug reaction(ADR)monitoring in medical institu-tions under China's pharmacovigilance framework in Guangdong Province,and to propose evidence-based strategies for enhancing institutional monitoring capabilities.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire devel-oped in alignment with national regulatory requirements and expert consensus.Data were collected from 65 medical institutions,including general hospitals,traditional Chinese medicine hospitals,and maternal/children's hospitals,across 21 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong.Descriptive and comparative analyses were performed to evaluate institutional practices.Results All 65 in-stitutions submitted valid responses.Among them,63(96.9％)had established standardized ADR reporting protocols,with 93.8％(61/65)delegating oversight to pharmacy departments.ADR data were predominantly collected via institutional informa-tion systems(67.7％,44/65),though these systems focused on passive reporting and basic data aggregation,lacking functional-ities for active signal detection or risk alert mechanisms.Significant disparities(P＜0.05)were observed across hospitals of dif-ferent tiers in reporting modalities,system sophistication,analytical frequency,and early warning implementation.Notably,mo-nitoring practices for conditionally approved drugs(e.g.,emergency-authorized therapeutics)exhibited systemic deficiencies.Conclusions To address these gaps,the following measures are recommended:Accelerating the adoption of intelligent monito-ring systems to enable real-time ADR detection and predictive analytics;Implementing tiered resource allocation policies to ensure equitable capability development;Establishing specialized protocols for high-risk pharmaceuticals,particularly conditionally ap-proved and fast-tracked drugs;Strengthening interdisciplinary training programs to improve pharmacovigilance literacy among healthcare practitioners.These interventions aim to foster a proactive risk management culture and advance patient safety within China's evolving healthcare landscape.

Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability,and it particularly inflicts brain damage through various mechanisms.However,there is a significant gap in the availability of specific drugs for the treatment of ischemic stroke.Numerous studies have demonstrated that exercise preconditioning can provide protective ef-fects against ischemic stroke through complex mechanisms.In this review,we aim to summarize the amount of exercise re-quired to induce exercise preconditioning and its potential mechanisms for improving outcomes in ischemic stroke.The fol-lowing benefits of exercise preconditioning have been identified in relation to ischemic stroke:(1)reduction of cerebral edema and infarct size,while promoting angiogenesis;(2)preservation of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier,reduc-tion of apoptosis,and mitigation of neurological damage;(3)inhibition of glutamate overactivation,alleviation of oxida-tive stress,and improvement of the inflammatory response.Ultimately,exercise preconditioning mitigates the damage caused by ischemic stroke through these pathways.

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of dual-modality ultrasound,incorporating conventional ultrasound and ultrasound elastography,in combination with S-Detect for cervical lymph node metastasis(CLNM)in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 135 patients diagnosed with PTC who received treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University between November 2023 and August 2024.For all patients,clinical baseline characteristics,conventional ultrasound findings,ultrasound elastography results,and S-Detect analysis data were collected.Independent predictors of CLNM in PTC were identified,and predictive models were developed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were generated to compare the area under the curve(AUC)of the models.The most effective predictive model was selected to construct a risk probability nomogram,and the predictive performance and clinical applicability of this nomogram were subsequently evaluated.Results Age,maximum nodule diameter,boundary characteristics,capsular invasion,transverse-sectional morphological findings assessed by S-Detect,and ECI-based elasticity grading were identified as independent predictors of CLNM in PTC(all P<0.05).The AUC of the predictive model constructed using these six variables was 0.890(95%CI:0.835～0.945).The calibration curve demonstrated strong agreement between predicted and observed outcomes,and decision curve analysis indicated that the nomogram provided a favorable net clinical benefit within a threshold probability range of 2%to 91.5%.Conclusions Age,maximum nodule diameter,boundary characteristics,capsular invasion,sonographic features assessed by S-Detect in the transverse plane,and ECI-based elasticity grading are independent predictors of CLNM in PTC.A nomogram model incorporating these parameters demonstrates effective performance in predicting the likelihood of CLNM.

Objective To study the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms at loci rs4535211,rs75885714,and rs7653834 of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase 2 (PLCL2) gene and large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 105 patients with newly diagnosed LAA ischemic stroke admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from July 2021 to July 2022 were selected as the observation group,and 103 patients with gender and age matching phys-ical examination in this hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. The clinical data and serum inflammatory markers were collected and compared between the two groups.Genotypes of PLCL2 gene rs4535211,rs75885714 and rs7653834 loci in the two groups were detected,and genotype and allele fre-quencies were calculated.Results The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP),interleukin-6 (IL-6),neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR),monocyte to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (MHR),platelet to lympho-cyte ratio (PLR) and D-dimer in the observation group were higher than those in the control group.The level of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). rs7653834 locus was C/C,C/T,T/T genotypes,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05).The levels of C/C,T/C and T/T genotypes NLR and PLR at rs7653834 locus were sta-tistically significant between the two groups (P<0.05).The analysis results of co-dominant model,dominant model and overdominant model showed that there was statistical significance in rs7653834 locus genotype be-tween the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion There may be a potential association between rs7653834 locus polymorphism of PLCL2 gene and LAA type ischemic stroke.

The oral cavity of each person is home to hundreds of bacterial species.While taxa for oral diseases have been studied using culture-based characterization as well as amplicon sequencing,metagenomic and genomic information remains scarce compared to the fecal microbiome.Here,using metagenomic shotgun data for 3346 oral metagenomic samples together with 808 published samples,we obtain 56,213 metagenome-assembled genomes(MAGs),and more than 64％of the 3589 species-level genome bins(SGBs)contain no publicly available genomes.The resulting genome collection is representative of samples around the world and contains many genomes from candi-date phyla radiation(CPR)that lack monoculture.Also,it enables the discovery of new taxa such as a genus Candidatus Bgiplasma within the family Acholeplasmataceae.Large-scale metagenomic data from massive samples also allow the assembly of strains from important oral taxa such as Por-phyromonas and Neisseria.The oral microbes encode genes that could potentially metabolize drugs.Apart from these findings,a strongly male-enriched Campylobacter species was identified.Oral sam-ples would be more user-friendly collected than fecal samples and have the potential for disease diagnosis.Thus,these data lay down a genomic framework for future inquiries of the human oral microbiome.

Objective:To investigate the effects of long-chain non-coding RNA ASB16 antisense RNA1 (ASB16-AS1) on the proliferation, migration and invasion of esophageal cancer cells by targeting microRNA (miR )-1258.Methods:Forty pairs of esophageal cancer tissues and matched adjacent tissues (distance of tumor margin>3 cm) resected in Xinxiang Central Hospital from May 2016 to July 2017 were collected. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expressions of ASB16-AS1 and miR-1258 in esophageal cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. The small interfering RNA negative control (si-NC), ASB16-AS1 small interfering RNA (si-ASB16-AS1), miR-negative control mimics (miR-NC), miR-1258 mimics (miR-1258), si-ASB16-AS1 and anti-miR-NC, si-ASB16-AS1 and anti-miR-1258, si-ASB16-AS1 and anti-miR-1258 were transfected into Eca109 cells, respectively. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) was utilized to detect the cell viability. Transwell assays were applied to detect cell migration and invasion. Double luciferase reporting experiment and qRT-PCR were used to confirm the relationship between ASB16-AS1 and miR-1258.Results:The expression levels of ASB16-AS1 and miR-1258 in esophageal cancer tissues were 2.95±0.27 and 0.62±0.06, respectively. Compared with 1.00±0.06 and 1.00±0.07 in adjacent tissues, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The cell viability of the si-NC group at 48 h and 72 h were 0.81±0.07 and 1.15±0.11, while those of si-ASB16-AS1 group were 0.46±0.04 and 0.62±0.06 ( P<0.05). The numbers of cell migration and invasion in the si-NC group were 86.32±8.24 and 71.29±7.15, respectively, while those of si-ASB16-AS1 group were 43.22±4.31 and 32.36±3.58, respectively, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The cell viability of the miR-NC group at 48 h and 72 h were 0.84±0.08, 1.18±0.12, while those of miR-1258 group were 0.55±0.05, 0.71±0.07 ( P<0.05). The migration and invasion numbers of the miR-NC group were (83.15±8.31) and (75.33±7.51), while those of miR-1258 group were (49.58±4.23) and (38.42±3.84), respectively, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The cell viability of the si-ASB16-AS1+ anti-miR-NC group at 48 h and 72 h were 0.45±0.04, 0.61±0.06, while those of si-ASB16-AS1+ anti-miR-1258 group were 0.72±0.07, 0.98±0.08; The migration and invasion numbers of cells in the si-ASB16-AS1+ anti-miR-NC group were 44.36±4.41 and 31.69±3.85, respectively, while those of si-ASB16-AS1+ anti-miR-1258 group were 72.65±7.27 and 61.22±6.14, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). ASB16-AS1 targeted negative regulation of miR-1258 expression. Conclusions:ASB16-AS1 upregulates in esophageal cancer. ASB16-AS1 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of esophageal cancer cells by targeting miR-1258.