[Objective]To investigate the prevalence rate of chronic non-communicable diseases(NCDs)and the association with quality of life in middle-aged and elderly patients with HIV/AIDS.[Methods]This cross-sectional study surveyed 432 patients with HIV/AIDS(aged≥45 years)in the Infectious Disease Center in Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,and 366 participants were included in the analysis after quality control.A questionnaire and the EuroQol 5-Dimensional 3-level version(EQ-5D-3L)were used to investigate NCDs and quality of life and Tobit regression model was used to estimate the association between chronic diseases and quality of life.[Results]Among the 366 participants,29(7.9%)had cardiovascular disease,45(12.3%)had hypertension,122(33.3%)had hyperglycemia,151(41.3%)had hyperlipidemia,7(1.9%)had cancer,17(4.6%)had chronic kidney disease,38(10.4%)had chronic liver disease,21(5.7%)had musculoskeletal disorders,and 253(69.1%)suffered from at least one type of chronic diseases.The median(lower and upper quartiles)of EQ-5D utility index was 1.000(0.964～1.000).Multivariate Tobit regression results of the total population showed that cancer[ba=-0.08,95%CI(-0.15,-0.01),P=0.036],chronic kidney disease[ba=-0.07,95%CI(-0.12,-0.02),P=0.006],musculoskeletal disease[ba=-0.09,95%CI(-0.13,-0.05),P<0.001],and≥3 types of chronic diseases[ba=-0.05,95%CI(-0.08,-0.01),P=0.013]were negatively correlated with EQ-5D utility index.The stratified analysis results of different CD4+T cell levels showed that hypertension[ba=-0.07,95%CI(-0.12,-0.02),P=0.007],chronic kidney disease[ba=-0.10,95%CI(-0.18,-0.03),P=0.006],musculoskeletal disease[ba=-0.15,95%CI(-0.22,-0.07),P<0.001]and≥3 types of chronic diseases[ba=-0.09,95%CI(-0.09,-0.01),P<0.001]were negatively correlated with EQ-5D utility index in the group with CD4≤500(cells/μL),whereas cancer[ba=-0.11,95%CI(-0.20,-0.01),P=0.031]was negatively correlated with EQ-5D utility index in the group with CD4＞500(cells/μL).[Conclusions]The prevalence rate of chronic non-communicable diseases in middle-aged and elderly patients with HIV/AIDS is relatively high.The classification of NCDs such as cancer or chronic kidney disease or other chronic diseases and the numbers of NCDs categories are negatively correlated with quality of life.However,this association varies among patients with HIV/AIDS of different CD4+T cell levels.It is suggested that we should try to prevent and identify NCDs at an early stage,strengthen linkages and integration of health services for AIDS and chronic NCDs,and jointly manage and control AIDS with chronic diseases to improve the quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS.

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of dual-modality ultrasound,incorporating conventional ultrasound and ultrasound elastography,in combination with S-Detect for cervical lymph node metastasis(CLNM)in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 135 patients diagnosed with PTC who received treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University between November 2023 and August 2024.For all patients,clinical baseline characteristics,conventional ultrasound findings,ultrasound elastography results,and S-Detect analysis data were collected.Independent predictors of CLNM in PTC were identified,and predictive models were developed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were generated to compare the area under the curve(AUC)of the models.The most effective predictive model was selected to construct a risk probability nomogram,and the predictive performance and clinical applicability of this nomogram were subsequently evaluated.Results Age,maximum nodule diameter,boundary characteristics,capsular invasion,transverse-sectional morphological findings assessed by S-Detect,and ECI-based elasticity grading were identified as independent predictors of CLNM in PTC(all P<0.05).The AUC of the predictive model constructed using these six variables was 0.890(95%CI:0.835～0.945).The calibration curve demonstrated strong agreement between predicted and observed outcomes,and decision curve analysis indicated that the nomogram provided a favorable net clinical benefit within a threshold probability range of 2%to 91.5%.Conclusions Age,maximum nodule diameter,boundary characteristics,capsular invasion,sonographic features assessed by S-Detect in the transverse plane,and ECI-based elasticity grading are independent predictors of CLNM in PTC.A nomogram model incorporating these parameters demonstrates effective performance in predicting the likelihood of CLNM.

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of dual-modality ultrasound,incorporating conventional ultrasound and ultrasound elastography,in combination with S-Detect for cervical lymph node metastasis(CLNM)in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 135 patients diagnosed with PTC who received treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University between November 2023 and August 2024.For all patients,clinical baseline characteristics,conventional ultrasound findings,ultrasound elastography results,and S-Detect analysis data were collected.Independent predictors of CLNM in PTC were identified,and predictive models were developed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were generated to compare the area under the curve(AUC)of the models.The most effective predictive model was selected to construct a risk probability nomogram,and the predictive performance and clinical applicability of this nomogram were subsequently evaluated.Results Age,maximum nodule diameter,boundary characteristics,capsular invasion,transverse-sectional morphological findings assessed by S-Detect,and ECI-based elasticity grading were identified as independent predictors of CLNM in PTC(all P<0.05).The AUC of the predictive model constructed using these six variables was 0.890(95%CI:0.835～0.945).The calibration curve demonstrated strong agreement between predicted and observed outcomes,and decision curve analysis indicated that the nomogram provided a favorable net clinical benefit within a threshold probability range of 2%to 91.5%.Conclusions Age,maximum nodule diameter,boundary characteristics,capsular invasion,sonographic features assessed by S-Detect in the transverse plane,and ECI-based elasticity grading are independent predictors of CLNM in PTC.A nomogram model incorporating these parameters demonstrates effective performance in predicting the likelihood of CLNM.

Objective To explore the connection between immune-related plasma proteins and Parkinson's disease.Methods By analyzing genome-wide association study data of 4907 immune-related plasma proteins,we assessed their direct impact on the risk of Parkinson's disease.Single-nucleus RNA sequencing data were also utilized for protein expression analysis.Results Four im-mune-related proteins,cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor(CDNF),cathepsin B(CTSB),im-munoglobulin G Fc receptor 2a(FCGR2A),and hemoglobin beta subunit(HBB),were identified to be associated with the risk of Parkinson's disease.Among them,increased expression levels of CDNF,CTSB and HBB were found to decrease the risk(OR=0.871,95％CI:0.779-0.973,P=0.015;OR=0.835,95％CI:0.758-0.920,P=0.001;OR=0.735,95％CI:0.631-0.857,P=0.001),whereas increased level of FCGR2A was associated with a higher risk of PD(OR=1.137,95％CI:1.058-1.223,P=0.001).Singl e-cell sequencing analyzes protein expression and its dis-tribution among different cell types in the brain.CDNF and CTSB exhibit high expression levels in multiple brain cell types,FCGR2A is predominantly expressed in brain microglia and HBB shows minimal expression in the brain.Conclusion There are potential links between the four proteins CDNF,CTSB,FCGR2A and HBB and the risk of Parkinson's disease.Our results emphasize that the genetic risk variants of Parkinson's disease influence the disease's occurrence by modulating the expression of these immune-related proteins.Additionally,single-cell expression data reveal the expression patterns of these target proteins in the brain.

Objective:To understand the incidence of sleep disorder in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients before antiviral therapy, and to explore its risk factors.Methods:200 newly treated HIV/AIDS patients who visited the Eighth Affiliated City Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January to June 2016 were randomly selected. According to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), they were divided into a good sleep group and a Sleep disorder group; The influencing factors of sleep disorder in HIV/AIDS patients were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression.Results:The incidence of Sleep disorder in 200 HIV/AIDS patients before antiviral therapy was 22.5%(45/200); CD4 + T cell count was (414.13±202.16)/μl; 29%(58/200) of patients had CD4 + T cell counts<200/μl. There were significant differences in CD4 + T cell count and the proportion of patients with syphilis infection, comorbidity anxiety and comorbidity depression between the good sleep group and the Sleep disorder group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that syphilis infection ( OR=4.606; 95% CI: 1.973-10.752; P<0.001), comorbidity anxiety ( OR=2.496; 95% CI: 1.086-5.737; P=0.031) and comorbidity depression ( OR=2.087; 95% CI: 0.915-4.760; P=0.040) were risk factors for sleep disorder in HIV/AIDS patients before antiviral treatment. Conclusions:The incidence of Sleep disorder in HIV/AIDS patients before antiviral therapy in Guangzhou is high, especially in patients with syphilis infection, comorbidity anxiety and comorbidity depression. The sleep disorder of HIV/AIDS patients should be assessed and detected early, and multiple interventions should be taken to improve sleep quality.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics and differences of anxiety, depression and sleep disorder among human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients in Guangzhou, then optimize the antiretroviral therapy and provide effective mental intervention.Methods:All HIV/AIDS patients from the outpatient department of Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital were enrolled in the present study from January 2016 to December 2016. They were evaluated by the hospital anxiety and depression scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, to analyze the levels of depression, anxiety and sleep disorder.Results:The incidences of anxiety, depression and sleep disorder were 30.5%(61/200), 31.0%(62/200) and 22.5%(45/200) respectively. 36.1%(22/61) of patients with anxiety and 35.5%(22/62) of patients with depression were accompanied by sleep disorder. The sleep disturbance index were significant higher in HIV/AIDS patients with anxiety ( t=4.065, P<0.001) or depression ( t=3.034, P=0.003) than those without anxiety or depression. Anxiety was mainly found in HIV/AIDS patients in aged 20 to 40 group ( F=7.998, P=0.018), while depression was mostly found in HIV/AIDS patients who didn't receive higher education ( F=13.55, P=0.001), and sleep disorder was more common in people with CD4 + count <200 cells/μl ( t=2.01, P=0.046). Conclusions:Anxiety and depression, which could aggravate sleep disorder, are very common in HIV/AIDS patients. Psychological care need to be strengthened to HIV positive patients in early phase, and screening questionnaires should be conducted before antiretroviral treatment began.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein level (hs CRP)and albuminuria (ALB) level in patients with prehypertension and to investigate the relationship between hs CRP and ALB. Methods Total FBG,TC,TG,BMI and LDL were measured in 110 patients with prehypertension and 87 normal controls. Serum CRP and ALB concentration was measured by ELISA. Results Serum hs-CRP,urinary albumin concentration in patients with prehypertension was significantly high and had difference between male and female (P