Objective:To discuss the expressions of autotaxin(ATX)and lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3(LPA3)in serum and lung tissue of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients,and to clarify the role of ATX and LPA3 in the occurrence and development of COPD.Methods:A total of 40 COPD patients were collected and brought into acute exacerbation of COPD group(AECOPD group);after treatment,those stabilized patients were included in COPD stable group(n=40);additionally,40 healthy individuals were recruited as control group.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the ATX levels in the serum of the subjects in various groups.Another 80 patients who underwent lobectomy were divided into COPD smoking group(CS group,n=20),COPD non-smoking group(CNS group,n=20),non-COPD smoking group(HS group,n=20),and non-COPD non-smoking group(HNS group,n=20).The general informations of the subjects in various groups were collected.HE staining was used to observe the pathomorphology of lung tissue of the patients in various groups;immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression levels of ATX and LPA3 proteins in lung tissue of the patients in various groups;real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method was used to detect the expression levels of ATX and LPA3 mRNA in lung tissue of the patients in various groups;Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlations of continuous variables with normal distribution,and Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlations of other variables.Results:Compared with control group,the percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second to predicted value(FEV1％pred)and the percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity(FEV1/FVC)of the patients in COPD stable group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with COPD stable group and control group,the level of ATX in serum of the patients in AECOPD group was increased(P＜0.05);compared with control group,the level of ATX in serum of the patients in COPD stable group was increased(P＜0.05).The serum ATX level of the patients in AECOPD group was positively correlated with COPD Assessment Test(CAT)scores(r=0.581,P＜0.001)and showed no correlations with smoking history,white blood cells(WBC),percentage of neutrophils(NEUT％),neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR),and body mass index(BMI)(P＞0.05).The serum ATX level of the patients in COPD stable group was positively correlated with WBC and CAT score(r=0.384,P=0.014;r=0.463,P=0.003)and negatively correlated with FEV1％pred and FEV1/FVC(r=-0.393,P=0.012;r=-0.353,P=0.025).Compared with CS group and CNS group,the FEV1％pred and FEV1/FVC of the patients in HS group and HNS group were increased(P＜0.05).The immunohistochemical staining results showed that compared with CS group,the expression levels of ATX and LPA3 proteins in lung tissue of the patients in HS group and HNS group were decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with CNS group,the expression levels of ATX and LPA3 proteins in lung tissue of the patients in HS group and HNS group were decreased(P＜0.05).The RT-qPCR results showed that compared with CS group,the expression levels of ATX and LPA3 mRNAs in lung tissue of the patients in HS group and HNS group were decreased(P＜0.05);compared with CNS group,the expression levels of ATX and LPA3 mRNAs in lung tissue of the patients in HS group and HNS group were decreased(P＜0.05).The correlation analysis results showed that the expression level of ATX protein in lung tissue of the COPD patients was positively correlated with the expression level of LPA3 protein(r=0.723,P＜0.001).Conclusion:The expression levels of ATX and LPA3 mRNA and proteins in lung tissue of the COPD patients are increased.The serum ATX levels in both AECOPD group and COPD stable group are increased,suggesting that these factors may be involved in the inflammatory response of COPD,promoting its occurrence and development.

Due to various factors, the proportion of infertile couples is increasing. In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) technology has made it possible for infertile couples to give birth. However, implantation failure has always hindered the development of IVF-ET. Embryo quality and endometrial receptivity are the keys to successful implantation. The implantation process is complicated and involves a variety of cytokines. Among them, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) plays an important role in the implantation process and even the entire pregnancy. At present, there are two opinions about whether hCG perfusion before embryo transfer affects the patient's pregnancy outcome: intrauterine infusion of hCG can improve the patient's pregnancy outcome; intrauterine infusion of hCG may not only not improve the patient's pregnancy rate, and even bring adverse consequences to the patient. But because there is no more uniform standard in the completed researches, the relationship between intrauterine infusion of hCG and embryo implantation is still inconclusive. Now, we summarize their contributions in this paper.

Due to various factors, the proportion of infertile couples is increasing. In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) technology has made it possible for infertile couples to give birth. However, implantation failure has always hindered the development of IVF-ET. Embryo quality and endometrial receptivity are the keys to successful implantation. The implantation process is complicated and involves a variety of cytokines. Among them, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) plays an important role in the implantation process and even the entire pregnancy. At present, there are two opinions about whether hCG perfusion before embryo transfer affects the patient's pregnancy outcome: intrauterine infusion of hCG can improve the patient's pregnancy outcome; intrauterine infusion of hCG may not only not improve the patient's pregnancy rate, and even bring adverse consequences to the patient. But because there is no more uniform standard in the completed researches, the relationship between intrauterine infusion of hCG and embryo implantation is still inconclusive. Now, we summarize their contributions in this paper.

Objective To study the expression and significance of Glypican-3 in Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) complicated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods The data of 46 patients with BCS complicated with HCC (the BCS + HCC group) treated in The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2007 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.Another 48 patients with HBV-related HCC (the HBV + HCC group) and 43 patients with hepatic cyst (the hepatic cyst group) were randomly selected as the control groups during the same time period.The differencesin positive rates of Glypican-3 in the liver tissues among the three groups were compared.The BCS + HCC group was further divided into the Glypican-3 positive and Glypican-3 negative subgroups according to the expression of Glypican-3.The differences in gender,age,AFP,HbsAg,Child-Pugh classification,tumor number,extrahepatic metastasis,vascular invasion,Edmondson-Steiner grading and BCLC staging between the two subgroups were compared.The survival time of the two subgroups was compared using the Kaplan-Meier method.Results The expression rates of Glypican-3 in the BCS + HCC group,HBV + HCC group and Hepatic Cyst group were 76.1％,70.8％ and 0％,respectively.The levels of Glypican-3 in the BCS + HCC group and the HCC group were significantly higher than that in the hepatic cyst group.The differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).No statistically significant difference was detected between the BCS + HCC group and the HBV + HCC group (P ＞ 0.05).In the group of patients with BCS + HCC,there was no significant difference in gender,age,AFP,HbsAg,Child-Pugh classification,tumor number and extrahepatic metastasis between the Glypican-3 positive and negative subgroups (P ＞0.05).However,vascular invasion,Edmondson-Steiner grading and BCLC staging in the Glypican-3 positive subgroup were significantly higher than those in the Glypican-3 negative group,(P ＜ 0.05).The 1-year,3-year and 5-year survival rates were 77.1％,51.0％ and 22.8％ in the Glypican-3 positive subgroup,compared with 90.9％,63.6％ and 45.5％ in the Glypican-3 negative subgroup,respectively.There were statistically significant differences between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Glypican-3 has a stable expression in patients with BCS complicated with HCC,and it is closely related to malignancy of the tumor and prognosis of the patients.

BACKGROUNDNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common lung malignancy worldwide. The metastatic potential of NSCLC cells has been shown to be associated with the tumor microenvironment, which consists of tumor cells, stroma, blood vessels, immune infiltrates and the extracellular matrix. Fibroblasts can produce numerous extracellular matrix molecules and growth factors. Gefitinib has been evaluated as a first-line treatment in selected patients, and it has shown favorable efficacy especially in NSCLC, but it is not effective for everyone.

METHODSIn this study, we examined the antitumor activity of gefitinib on lung fibroblasts co-cultured of lung cancer cells. A series of co-culture experiments that employed cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), transwells, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting with HFL-1 fibroblasts and A549 human lung carcinoma cells were performed to learn more about tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion; and to determine any change of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated tumor markers vimentin, matrix metallopro-teinase 2 (MMP2) and chemotaxis cytokines receptor 4 (CXCR4) mRNA levels.

RESULTSA549 cell proliferation in the presence of HFL-1 cells was not significantly increased compared with A549 cells alone, but A549 cell spheroid body formation was increased after co-culture, and treatment with gefitinib increased further. Our study also revealed that fibroblasts attenuated the lung cancer cell inhibition ratio of migration and invasion after gefitinib treatment in vitro. To further study this mechanism, RT-PCR analysis showed that vimentin, MMP2 and CXCR4 mRNA levels were more highly expressed in the lung cancer cells after co-culture, but did not obviously decrease compared with the control cells following gefitinib treatment. This suggests the mechanism by which fibroblasts attenuate gefitinib-induced expression of EMT-associated tumor markers. Finally, our results demonstrated that co-culture with A549 lung cancer cells does not alter the cell cycle distribution of HFL-1 fibroblasts. Furthermore, HFL-1 fibroblasts had no effect on the cell cycle distribution of HFL-1 cells treated with gefitinib.

CONCLUSIONGefitinib has lower anti-tumor activity on A549 lung cancer cells when co-cultured with HFL-1 fibroblasts.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Coculture Techniques ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; drug effects ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Quinazolines ; pharmacology

Objective In order to examine the value of the combination of carotid artery ultrasound and Transcrani-al Doppler (TCD) in the evaluation of carotid artery stenosis stenting. Methods Seventy-one carotid stenosis cases con-firmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) who had cerebral ischemia symptoms and received stent implantation were reviewed. Carotid artery ultrasound and TCD were adopted to measure the vessel diameter, peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the narrow segment, PSV and pulsatility index (PI) of ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) before and after the treatment of intravascular stents, and a comparison analysis was made. Results Carotid stent implantation significant-ly improved the inner diameter, PSV of the narrow part, PSV and PI of the MCA on the stenotic side. Inner diameter of the narrow part was 3.13±0.83, 4.77±0.51 and 4.64±0.52 mm at before, one week and one year after the implantation, re-spectively (P<0.05). The PSV of the narrow part was 190.69±113.65, 86.15±30.52 and 90.28±29.79 cm/s at before, one week and one year after the implantation, respectively(P<0.05).PSV of the MCA on the stenotic side was 77.68±14.66, 115.62±22.32 and 108.89±20.29 cm/s at before, one week and one year after the implantation, respectively(P<0.05). PI of the MCA on the stenotic side was 0.81±0.01, 1.07±0.01 and 1.06±0.02 at before, one week and one year after the implantation, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusions The present study demonstrates that the combination of carotid artery ultrasound and TCD can quantitatively detect the vascular structural and hemodynamic improvements following the endo-vascular stenting, indicating that the combination of carotid artery ultrasound and TCD can be used for the accurate as-sessment and follow up of carotid artery stenting treatment.

Objective To set up a standard for surgical classification of cavernous transformation of the portal vein (CTPV) and their management strategy according to the classification.Methods The clinical data of 63 CTPV cases were analyzed retrospectively,the classification and the corresponding treatment strategy were evaluated.Results According to the imaging examination,surgical treatment and long-term follow-up,CTPV was classified into four types:Type Ⅰ:cavernous transformation involving main trunk of the portal vein and intrahepatic branches.Portasystemic shunt (mesocaval and splenocaval shunt)(or plus port-azygous devascularization) were used for this type;Type Ⅱ:cavernous transformation in the main trunk and proximal SV or SMV.Portasystemic shunt (mesocaval and splenocaval shunt) or plus portazygous devascularization were applied;Type Ⅲ:cavernous transformation involving the whole portal system.Portopulmonary shunt (splenopneumopexy) or inferior mesenteric-caval shunt plus port-azygous devascularization were suggested;Type Ⅳ:any types aforementioned accompanied by biliary and /or pancreatic abnormalities.The treatment should focus on main symptoms and two-stage operation.Conclusions Doppler ultrasound and multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) three dimensional (3D) reconstruction are the mainstay for the diagnosis of CTPV;Correct diagnosis,classification as well as individualized management are of great importance in the treatment of adult CTPV.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a HPLC method for the content determination of chrysophanol in Yanbao Ⅱ capsule.METHODS:The separation was performed on Agilent C18(150 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) column with absolute alcohol-0.1% phosphoric acid (87:13) as mobile phase.The flow rate was 1.0 mL?min-1 and the detection wavelength was set at 254 nm.RESULTS:The linear range of chrysophanol was 0.042 6～0.340 8 ?g(r=0.999 9) with an average recovery of 99.39%(RSD=1.74%,n=6).CON-CLUSION:The method is simple,accurate,sensitive and reproducible for the quality control of YanbaoⅡ capsule.

Objective To investigate the relationship factor of livability on Premature Very Low-Birth-Weight-Infant (PVLBWL), for refer to evidences that reduce the mortality and the deformity rate. Methods The group 116 PVLBWL cases, being in our hospital hear five years, divide into three team according to the weight, and analyze the review clinical data of the cases (from 1993.1 to 1998.1). Results There are 86 cases that had cured and left hospital in the group. The cure rate is 74.1%(86/116). It is rise along with the weight increase (P

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Shenqi bufei decoction on air passage and lung function of COPD model rats with lung-qi deficiency.METHODS: Quantitative stimulation with tobacco and SO2 and papain aerosol inhalation were used to establish model COPD rats with lung-qI deficiency.Sixty male rats were randomly divided into: normal group (N),model group(M),low dose treatment group(LT),medium dose treatment group (MT),high dose treatment group (HT),and glucocorticoid treatment group (GCT).Pathomorphological change of lung tissue in rats was observed with light microscope.The thickness of airway wall and smooth muscle layer of the small airway and lung function were measured by means of semi-quantitative image analysis system with lung function detection and analysis system respectively.RESULTS: As compared to N group,in M group the thicknesses of the small airway wall and smooth muscle layer were significantly increased(P