Medicine is the subject of studying human and its inherent humanistic attribute endows medicine with the temperature it deserves. However, with the continuous improvement of medical testing technology and treatment technology, medical workers pay more attention to diseases and ignore humanistic care, which has become an important factor in the aggravation of patients’ burden and the tension relationship between doctors and patients. There are many virtues in Chinese traditional culture. Sun Simiao’s medical ethics thought of "great doctor with professionalism and sincerity" embodies the core value of the humanistic spirit of Chinese traditional medicine. In his medical ethics thought, the moral and ethics of "great doctor with professionalism and sincerity", the medical practice attitude of "being cautious and diligent", the values of "benevolence for the world" and the professional conduct of "honesty and truth" still have strong practical significance at present. It is the good material to cultivate the humanistic spirit of medical students. This is of great value to integrate Sun Simiao’s medical ethics thought into cultivate medical students with both "professionalism" and "sincerity", practice the original intention of medical and health undertakings, and carry forward cultural self-confidence.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the concentration of air pollutants (PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂) and the number of outpatient and emergency visits for pediatric respiratory diseases in a general hospital in Shanghai. Methods Data including pediatric respiratory disease outpatient and emergency visits in a hospital in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from May 1, 2013 to March 20, 2022 were collected. Daily concentration of air pollutants including PM₁₀, SO₂ and NO₂ and meteorological data in Pudong New Area during the same period were collected. A case-crossover study with distributed lag non-linear model was conducted to explore the correlation between air pollutants (PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂) and the number of outpatient and emergency visits for pediatric respiratory diseases. Results The concentrations of PM₁₀, SO₂ and NO₂ were positively with the number of outpatient and emergency visits for pediatric respiratory diseases. The strongest cumulative effect was observed on six days lag (Lag0-5) for PM₁₀. For a 10 μg/m³ increase of the concentrations of PM₁₀, the corresponding increase of cumulative pediatric respiratory disease outpatients was 1.10% (95%CI:0.97%, 1.23%) in Lag0-5. The strongest cumulative effect was observed on eight days lag (Lag0-7) for SO₂ and NO₂. For a 10 μg /m³ increase of the concentrations of SO₂ and NO₂, the corresponding increase of cumulative pediatric respiratory disease outpatients was 5.64% (95%CI:5.16%, 6.13%) and 5.41% (95%CI:5.15%, 5.66%) in Lag 0-7, respectively. The association of PM₁₀ and SO₂ with the number of pediatric respiratory disease visits in males was significantly stronger than that in females. The impact of PM₁₀ on the number of pediatric respiratory disease visits in children aged 0-6 was higher than that in children aged 7-14, while the impact of SO₂ and NO₂ on the number of pediatric respiratory disease visits in children aged 7-14 was higher than that in children aged 0-6. Conclusion The concentration of ambient PM₁₀, SO₂, and NO₂ is positively correlated with outpatient and emergency visits for pediatric respiratory diseases, with obvious lag and cumulative effect. Boys and children aged 0-6 are more susceptible to the hazard of air pollution.

OBJECTIVE To explore the protective effect and mechanism of Longshengzhi capsules on cerebral ischemia- reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS The model of middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） was established by using the improved thread occlusion method. The experiment was divided into six groups： sham surgery group （only separating blood vessels without inserting thread plugs， given the same volume of normal saline）， model group （modeling， given the same volume of normal saline）， nimodipine group （positive control， modeling， dose of 20 mg/kg）， and low-dose， medium-dose， and high-dose groups of Longshengzhi capsules （modeling， doses of 0.72， 1.44 and 2.88 g/kg， respectively）， with 10 mice in each group. Each group was given corresponding medication solution/normal saline by gavage， once a day， for 7 consecutive days. One hour after the last administration， the Zea Longa scoring method was used to score the neurological deficits in each group of rats， and the ABC enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） in rats； TTC staining was used to observe the volume of cerebral infarction in rats and calculate the cerebral infarction volume ratio. Hematoxylin eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes in the brain tissue of rats. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the positive expression of NLRP3 protein in the brain tissue of rats. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect mRNA relative expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） and nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） in the brain tissue of rats. Western blot assay was adopted to detect the relative expressions of TLR4， NLRP3 and phosphorylated NF-κB （p-NF-κB） protein in the brain tissue of rats and its intracellular NF-κB protein. RESULTS Compared with the sham surgery group， the neural dysfunction score， serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6， cerebral infarction volume ratio， relative expression levels of NF-κB and TLR4 mRNA， as well as protein relative expressions of TLR4， NLRP3 and p-NF-κB in the brain tissue， and relative protein expression of intracellular NF-κB were increased significantly in the model group （P＜0.01）； the enlarged gap and significant edema were observed in cortical nerve cells of brain tissue in rats， with a large amount of inflammatory cell infiltration； the positive expression of NLRP3 protein in brain tissue of rats obviously increased. Compared with the model group， the levels of the above indicators in the medium-dose and high-dose groups of Longshengzhi capsules， as well as the Nimodipine group， were reversed to varying degrees， and most differences were statistically significant （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； the pathological morphology observation showed a significant improvement， and the positive expression of NLRP3 protein in the brain tissue of rats was obviously reduced. CONCLUSIONS Longshengzhi capsules may inhibit TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway and neuroinflammatory response， thereby achieving a protective effect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Objective:To study the influencing factors of thyroid diseases among residents in a coastal area, Dongtai City, and provide scientific basis for further prevention and control of thyroid diseases.Methods:Thyroid disease patients of Dongtai City in the coastal area diagnosed by Dongtai People's Hospital from January to December 2019 were selected as the survey subjects, and diagnosis of various diseases and their gender and age distribution were analyzed. In the case-control study, confirmed new cases were selected as the case group, and healthy individuals matched 1∶1 by village group, gender, and age as the control group. A questionnaire survey and related examinations such as urinary iodine test and thyroid ultrasound examination were conducted. The survey results were summarized and analyzed (Wilcoxon rank sum test, conditional logistic regression multivariate analysis).Results:(1) A total of 3 508 patients with thyroid diseases were diagnosed, accounting for 319.46/100 000 of the total population, including 2 616 female patients, accounting for 74.57%; 2 824 cases aged 30 to 69 years old, accounting for 80.50%; 1 539 cases of hyperthyroidism, accounting for 43.87%; and 961 cases of hypothyroidism, accounting for 27.39%. (2) A total of 984 cases were surveyed in a 1∶1 paired manner. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for thyroid diseases included monthly average income, family history, related surgeries, personality, working pressure, interpersonal relationships, and urinary iodine grading ( P < 0.05). The risk factors for hyperthyroidism included occupation, family history of hyperthyroidism, personality, family financial pressure, and interpersonal relationships ( P < 0.05), while the risk factor for goiter included urinary iodine grading ( P = 0.008). Conclusions:The occurrence of thyroid diseases in a coastal area, Dongtai City, may be related to family history, gender, age, personality, and working pressure. There is a correlation between goiter and low iodine nutrition level, which further confirms the correctness of the strategy of salt iodization in preventing and treating iodine deficiency disorders in coastal areas.

Objective:To investigate the construction effects of the graduate biochemistry technology courses based on the outcome-based education (OBE) concept, analyze the technical needs of graduate students, and further integrate and optimize the teaching methods.Methods:A self-compiled questionnaire with good reliability and validity was used to conduct an overall sampling survey on the graduate students who took the elective courses in Batch 2021 in a medical college in Shanghai. Excel and GraphPad Prism software were used for data analysis.Results:According to this survey, the courses gain good effects in terms of teaching framework, course facilities, teaching forms, teaching contents and comprehensive evaluation of teaching. A total of 112 students (95.2%) thought that the course was very helpful to the expansion of experimental technology and experimental operation ability. However, there were still some teaching needs, such as expanding the types of experiments and increasing experimental operations.Conclusions:Under the guidance of OBE concept, the construction of the graduate biochemistry technology courses has gradually achieved good results. Later, the online-offline hybrid teaching form will be further improved and the curriculum teaching arrangement will be optimized further.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of highly prevalent heterogeneous degenerative disease that leads to joint pain, deformity, the destruction of articular cartilage, and eventual disability. The current treatment strategies for OA often suffer from systemic side effects, poor anti-inflammatory efficacy, and persistent pain. To address these issues, we develop light-inducible nanomedicine that enables the co-delivery of anti-inflammatory drug (diacerein, DIA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting nerve growth factor (NGF) for pain relief to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of OA. The nanomedicine is based on poly(β-amino-ester)-coated gold nanocages (AuNCs), which is further incorporated with the phase-change material (lauric acid/stearic acid, LA/SA). Following intra-articular (IA) injection in vivo, the nanomedicine displays high degree of drug accumulation and retention in the joint lesion of OA mouse models. The photothermal effect, induced by AuNCs, not only promotes DIA and siRNA release, but also upregulates the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70) to resist the apoptosis of chondrocytes in the inflammatory condition. The internalization of both DIA and siRNA results in strong anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects, which greatly contribute to the joint repair of OA mice. This study offers a promising combination strategy for OA treatment.

Objective:To analyze the iodine nutrition status of key populations in water source high iodine areas in Jiangsu Province, providing a reference for scientific prevention and control of water source high iodine hazards.Methods:From May to June 2020, monitoring sites were determined by administrative villages in six high iodine counties (cities, districts) in Jiangsu Province, and drinking water samples were collected from residents to detect the iodine content in the water; 40 non boarding children aged 8 - 10 from one primary school in each village (half male and half female, with an age balance) and 20 pregnant women were selected. Salt samples were taken from children and pregnant women's homes, and urine samples were randomly taken once to detect salt and urine iodine contents. Thyroid volume of children was examined.Results:A total of 36 administrative villages were monitored, with a median of 45.3 μg/L for water iodine, ranging from 8.5 - 372.1 μg/L. A total of 1 422 salt samples were collected, of which 26 were iodized salt, accounting for 1.83%; and 1 396 non iodized salt, with the coverage rate of non iodized salt was 98.17%. A total of 1 365 urine samples were collected from children, with a median urine iodine of 405.6 μg/L. There were statistically significant differences in urine iodine levels among children in different regions, drinking water iodine contents, and age groups ( H = 128.39, 67.81, 39.94, P < 0.001). A total of 57 urine samples were collected from pregnant women, with a median urine iodine of 282.0 μg/L. There were statistically significant differences in urine iodine levels among pregnant women in different regions and drinking water iodine contents groups ( H = 17.54, 18.39, P < 0.001). A total of 1 365 children's thyroid volumes were examined, and 44 cases of thyroid enlargement were detected, with a goiter rate of 3.22%. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of thyroid enlargement among children in different regions, drinking water iodine contents, salt types, gender, and age groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusions:The iodine nutrition of children in water source high iodine areas in Jiangsu Province is at an iodine excess level, while the iodine nutrition of pregnant women is at an over optimal level. In areas with high iodine content in water sources, the iodine content in drinking water has a significant impact on the iodine intake of the local population. There is currently no correlation between the iodine content in drinking water, salt type, gender, and age factors and thyroid enlargement in children.

An UHPLC-Q-exactive orbitrap MS method for the simultaneous determination of 19 chemical components in Qilong Zhuang'er oral liquid was established and the quality differences between different batches of samples was compared by chemometric analysis to provide a basis for the quality evaluation of the preparation. The contents of allantoin, L-proline, pyroglutamic acid, hordenine, adenosine, L-phenylalanine, guanosine, L-tryptophan, caffeic acid, calycosin-7-glucoside, verbascoside, isoacteoside, ononin, calycosin, 3-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxyptercarpan, formononetin, atractylenolide III, atractylenolide II and astragaloside A were analyzed by cluster heat map, principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) using Hiplot platform and Markerlynx^XS software to comprehensively evaluate the quality difference of different batches of Qilong Zhuang'er oral liquid. The 19 chemical compounds showed good linearity in their respective concentration ranges (r ≥ 0.999). The RSD of precision, repeatability and stability (24 h) tests were all less than 1.94%. The average recovery was 97.24%-102.75% (RSD < 2.74%, n = 6). The 10 batches of samples were divided into two categories by cluster heat map and PCA analysis. 3-Hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxyptercarpan, atractylenolide III, calycosin, atractylenolide II, formononetin, allantoin and caffeic acid were identified as differential markers by PLS-DA. The established multi component quantitative method of Qilong Zhuang'er oral liquid combined with chemometric analysis can provide reference for the quality evaluation of the preparation.

Objective:To learn about the implementation of prevention and control measures in drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas and the trend of the disease change in Jiangsu Province.Methods:In March to October 2021, a general survey was carried out in 1 972 villages with drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis in 27 counties (cities and districts) of Jiangsu Province, the operation of water improvement projects in the villages was monitored, and the water fluoride content was determined. The prevalence of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 years in all the villages was investigated.Results:The 1 972 villages with drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis had completed water improvement, and all water improvement projects were operating normally and the water was qualified. Among them, 1 774 villages in the disease affected areas had achieved the control goal, accounting for 89.96%; and there were 198 villages in the disease affected areas with control measures up to the standard, accounting for 10.04%. A total of 47 water improvement projects were monitored, including 2 small-scale water improvement projects, accounting for 4.26%. There were 45 large-scale water improvement projects, accounting for 95.74%. A total of 125 790 children aged 8 to 12 years were examined, and 12 625 cases of dental fluorosis were detected. The detection rate of dental fluorosis was 10.04%, and the dental fluorosis index was 0.19. The detection rate of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 years was 9.98% (1 854/18 579), 10.27% (2 704/26 323), 9.48% (2 765/29 152), 9.73% (2 835/29 145) and 10.92% (2 467/22 591), respectively, with statistically significant difference (χ 2 = 10.51, P = 0.015). Among the 198 villages with control measures up to standard, according to the historical water fluoride, the detection rate of dental fluorosis in children in each water fluoride range (1.20-2.00, 2.01-3.00, 3.01-4.00, > 4.00 mg/L) was 37.73% (698/1 850), 43.17% (1 176/2 724), 45.50% (769/1 690) and 55.20% (802/1 453), respectively, with a statistically significant difference (χ 2 = 104.15, P < 0.001). Conclusion:The water improvement measures in drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Jiangsu Province have achieved significant results, which still need to be further consolidated.

Objective:To dynamically observe the changes in iodine level in residents' drinking water after the change of regional water supply mode (2020) in Jiangsu Province.Methods:The survey of water iodine level was conducted from June to October 2020 in administrative villages of Jiangsu Province with a median water iodine ≥40 μg/L in 2017. The survey mainly covered 1 537 administrative villages in 21 counties (cities and districts) of 5 cities, including Huaian City, Lianyungang City, Suqian City, Yancheng City, and Xuzhou City. Based on the standard of "Definition and Demarcation of Iodine Deficient Areas and Iodine Adequate Areas" (WS/T 669-2020), the administrative villages with a median water iodine of 40 - 100 μg/L were classified as iodine adequate areas. Water iodine testing was conducted using the "Method for Water Iodine Testing in Iodine Deficient and High Iodine Areas" recommended by the National Reference Laboratory for Iodine Deficiency Disorders.Results:Totally 1 498 administrative villages in Jiangsu Province were monitored in 2020, all of which had centralized water supply. The minimum value of water iodine in all administrative villages was 1.2 μg/L and the maximum value was 606.7 μg/L, and the median water iodine was 35.2 μg/L. Among them, 206 administrative villages had median water iodine < 10 μg/L, accounting for 13.75% (206/1 498); 610 administrative villages had median water iodine from 10 to < 40 μg/L, accounting for 40.72% (610/1 498); 635 administrative villages had median water iodine from 40 to 100 μg/L, accounting for 42.39% (635/1 498); and 47 administrative villages with median water iodine > 100 μg/L, accounting for 3.14% (47/1 498). Except for Sucheng District in Suqian City, Xinyi City and Gulou District in Xuzhou City, Qingjiangpu District and Xuyi County in Huaian City, and Guannan County in Lianyungang City, the median water iodine in the administrative villages of the remaining 15 counties (cities and districts) in 2020 decreased significantly compared to 2017, and the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:After change of regional water supply mode in 2020, in most monitored counties (cities and districts) of Jiangsu Province, the water iodine level of administrative villages has decreased significantly compared to 2017.