OBJECTIVE: To study the value of body fat mass measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in predicting abnormal blood pressure and abnormal glucose metabolism in children. METHODS: Stratified cluster sampling was used to select the students aged 6-16 years, and a questionnaire survey and physical examination were performed. The BIA apparatus was used to measure body fat mass. Body mass index (BMI), body fat mass index (FMI), and fat mass percentage (FMP) were calculated. Fasting blood glucose level were measured. RESULTS: A total of 14 293 children were enrolled, among whom boys accounted for 49.89%. In boys and girls, the percentile values (P, P, P, P, P, P, P, P) of FMI and FMP fitted by the LMS method were taken as the cut-off values. Based on the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the P values with a better value in predicting abnormal blood pressure and blood glucose metabolism were selected as the cut-off values for excessive body fat. When FMI or FMP was controlled below P, the incidence of abnormal blood pressure or abnormal glucose metabolism may be decreased in 8.25%-43.24% of the children. CONCLUSIONS The evaluation of obesity based on FMI and FMP has a certain value in screening for hypertension and hyperglycemia in children, which can be further verified in the future prevention and treatment of obesity and related chronic diseases in children.
Adipose Tissue ; Adolescent ; Blood Pressure ; Body Composition ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Electric Impedance ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Male

Sparse labeling of neurons contributes to uncovering their morphology, and rapid expression of a fluorescent protein reduces the experiment range. To achieve the goal of rapid and sparse labeling of neurons in vivo, we established a rapid method for depicting the fine structure of neurons at 24 h post-infection based on a mutant virus-like particle of Semliki Forest virus. Approximately 0.014 fluorescent focus-forming units of the mutant virus-like particle transferred enhanced green fluorescent protein into neurons in vivo, and its affinity for neurons in vivo was stronger than for neurons in vitro and BHK21 (baby hamster kidney) cells. Collectively, the mutant virus-like particle provides a robust and convenient way to reveal the fine structure of neurons and is expected to be a helper virus for combining with other tools to determine their connectivity. Our work adds a new tool to the approaches for rapid and sparse labeling of neurons in vivo.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; methods ; Neurons ; cytology ; metabolism ; Purkinje Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Semliki forest virus ; genetics

Objective To understand infection status of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and analyze the influencing factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guangzhou. Methods Men who have sex with men (MSM) were recruited from 2014 to 2017. Face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information of characterisitc and behaviors. Blood samples were used to detect HIV antibodie. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0. Results Among 2 419 MSM, 200(8.27%) participants were confirmed positive for HIV. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that with Guangzhou and monthly economic income >0.5 million as reference, non-Guangzhou (OR=1.712, 95% CI: 1.176-2.492，P=0.005) and monthly economic income ≤0.5 million (OR=1.998, 95% CI: 1.409-2.833，P<0.001) were associated with HIV infection among MSM. Diagnosed syphilis (OR=2.461, 95% CI: 1.375-4.405,P=0.002) , undetected syphilis (OR=2.333, 95% CI: 1.635-3.331,P<0.001), anal sex role passive (OR=2.015, 95% CI: 1.244-3.267,P=0.004), both active and passive (OR=2.115, 95% CI: 1.374-3.251,P=0.001), non-using condoms every time during anal sex (OR=1.955, 95% CI: 1.374-2.781,P<0.001), non-fixed anal sex objects (OR=2.150, 95% CI: 1.463-3.160,P<0.001) were major risk factors for HIV infection among MSM. Conclusions The prevalance of HIV infection and high-risk sexual behavior were high among MSM in Guangzhou. It is urgent to expand the scope of HIV testing and advocate safe sexual behaviors among MSM.

Objeetive To compare the thickness of corneal epithelium and full-thickness of the cornea among New Zealand rabbits,cats and the human using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) technology as to explore the morphological basis for different animals as experimental models of xenocorneal transplantation.Methods Totally selected 12 New Zealand male rabbits and 12 male cats were included in this study and divided into group A and B.Then the thickness of corneal epithelium and full-thickness of the cornea of both eyes in the two groups were measured with OCTA technology,and according to the distance from the center of the cornea,the cornea was divided into 17 areas by System software.The center of the cornea was a diameter of 2 mm around the center of the cornea,with the inner ring and outer ring of 5 mm and 6 mm in diameter,respectively;and the inner and outer ring region was again divided into 8 areas,including superior side (S),superior nose side (SN),nasal side (N),inferior nose side (IN),inferior side (I),inferior temporal side (IT),temporal side (T),superior temporal side (ST).Then the thickness of corneal epithelium and full-thickness of the cornea in each region were measured for comparing the difference of New Zealand rabbits' and cats' corneal thickness with the human's.Results The thickness of corneal epithelium and full-thickness of the cornea of cats were both thicker than those of rabbits.The full-thickness of the cats' cornea became thinner from the central to the peripheral side,and the difference of thickness between the T5,ST5,S5,SN5,N5 areas and the central of the cornea was statistically significant (all P ＜0.05);the thickness of corneal epithelium in the ST5,S5,SN5 areas was significantly thicker than the central area (all P ＜0.05);And this was true of the rabbits' full-thickness of the cornea,and the difference in the full-thickness of the cornea between the T5,IT5,IN5,N5,T6,N6 area and the central region was statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05);meanwhile there were also significant difference in the thickness of corneal epithelium between the ST5,S5,SN5,ST6,S6,SN6 areas and the central area (all P ＜ 0.05).Additionally,there were significant differences in the thickness of corneal epithelium and full-thickness of the cornea between the two experimental animals and humans (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The cornea of cats possesses similar regions in corneal full-thickness and epithelial thickness as well as the distribution to human cornea,so cats have superiority to the rabbits for the potential donor of xenocorneal transplantation in human beings.

Objective To explore the effects of benzalkonium bromide and citalopram on the corneal epithelium and corneal thickness of mice using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Methods Together 60 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (group A,B,C,D and E;n =12),with group A left untreated,group B receiving PBS eye drops,group C given benzalkonium bromide eye drops,group D undergoing intraperitoneal administration of citalopram suspension,and group E treated with combination of benzalkonium bromide eye drops and citalopram suspension.After 2 weeks,OCTA was applied for corneal subarea,followed by measurement of the thickness of corneal epithelium and full-thickness of the cornea of all mice,and then the mean values were calculated.Results The thickness of corneal epithelium and fullthickness of the cornea was (66 ±7) μm and (141 ± 11) μm in the group A,(66 ± 8) μm and (140 ± 12) μm in the group B and D,(73 ± 10) μm and (141 ± 14) μm in the group C,(76 ± 12) μm and (141 ± 15) μm in the E group,respectively.And there was no significant difference in the thickness of corneal epithelium and full-thickness of the cornea before treatment and 2 weeks after treatment in the group A,B and D (all P ＞ 0.05),but both variables were markedly thickened in group C and E 2 weeks after treatment,and the difference was statistically significant (all P ＜0.05).Moreover,the increased levels on the both variables in the group E was higher than those in the group C 2 weeks after treatment,and the difference was statistically significant (both P ＜ 0.05).The average thickness of corneal epithelium and full-thickness of the cornea in the group C and E were significantly thickened after treatment,and the difference was statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The average values of both variables in the group C and E were obviously larger than those in the group A,and the difference was statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Citalopram alone has no significant effects on the corneal thickness by OCTA,whereas both the thickness of corneal epithelium and fullthickness of the cornea tend to thicken by benzalkonium bromide treatment,which has a synergistic effect on corneal thickening with citalopram.

Objective To investigate the effects of blue light on the thickness of corneal epithelium and full-thickness of the cornea in mice by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Methods Totally 40 mice were collected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group,with 20 mice in each group,and the experimental mice were raised in the blue light environment from 8 to 16 hours per day,while the controls were reared in normal environment.Then the thickness of corneal epithelium and full-thickness of the cornea in both groups were measured by OCTA before irradiation and one week,two weeks,one month,two months and three months after irradiation,respectively.Results Compared with pre-irradiation,the thickness of corneal epithelium of all regions did not change significantly in both groups at 1 week,2 weeks,and 1 month after irradiation,and the differences were not statistically significant (all P ＞ 0.05).Compared with before irradiation,the corneal epithelium thickness of the control group at 2 months and 3 months after irradiation did not change significantly,and there was no significant difference (both P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the corneal epithelium at central,nasal 5 mm,inferior 5 mm,and temporal 5 mm regions in the experimental group were significantly thickened,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜0.05).Three months after irradiation,compared with the control group,the thickness of corneal epithelium in the central and inner regions of the cornea and nasal 6 mm and temporal 6 mm regions of the experimental group were significantly thickened,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant change in the corneal full thickness between the experimental group and the control group before irradiation and 1 week,2 weeks,1 month,2 months,and 3 months after irradiation,and the differences were not statistically significant (all P ＞ 0.05).Furthermore,the difference in the extremum value of corneal epithelial thickness,namely the maximum and the minimum,was significantly different in both groups (P ＜ 0.05),but the difference in the extremum value of the full-thickness of the cornea was not significant in the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The blue light can change the thickness of corneal epithelium in mice,and the change of the central region is obvious,but the full-thickness of the cornea do not significantly change in a short term.

Objective:To study the perceived organizational support,organizational approval impact on job engagement process and influence mechanism of non-establishment staff in public hospital under the background of China's personnel sys-tem,and provide reference for hospital managers to take measures to promote the staff's job involvement. Methods:650 non-es-tablishment staffs from three tertiary public hospitals in each of the six cities of Sichuan province were surveyed by issuing or-ganizational support questionnaires,organization approval scale and work input scale. Descriptive analysis,correlation analy-sis,regression analysis were performed with the help of SPSS 19.0,a three-variable structural equation model was established by using AMOS17.0. Results:The average score of organizational support of non-establishment staffs in public hospitals was (2.80 ±1.05),the organizational approval scale was(3.73 ±1.03)and job engagement was(2.99 ±1.58);and there was a sig-nificant positive correlation (P<0.01) between organizational approval and job engagement. It was also revealed that per-ceived organizational support had a direct effect on job involvement,and indirect effect on organizational approval as a partial mediation variable. Conclusion:Public hospitals have a low level of perceived organizational support,job involvement of non-establishment staffs,and public hospital administrators can promote the job engagement of non-establishment staffs in public hospital by improving the sense of organizational support and organizational identification.

OBJECTIVETo investigate PHEX gene mutations in 2 patients with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) and their families and to clarify the genetic etiology.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of two patients with XLH. High-throughput sequencing was used to detect the PHEX gene, a pathogenic gene of XLH. PCR-Sanger sequencing was used to verify the distribution of mutations in families.

RESULTSBoth patients had novel mutations in the PHEX gene; one patient had a frameshift mutation, c.931dupC, which caused early termination of translation and produced the truncated protein p.Gln311Profs*13; the other patient had a splice site mutation, IVS14+1G>A, which caused the skipping of exon 15 and produced an incomplete amino acid chain. Their parents had normal gene phenotypes.

CONCLUSIONSc.931dupC and IVS14+1G>A are two novel mutations of the PHEX gene and might be the new pathogenic mutations of XLH.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets ; genetics ; Female ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; PHEX Phosphate Regulating Neutral Endopeptidase ; genetics ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUNDPrior studies have reported controversial conclusions regarding the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in patients using proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) combined with clopidogrel therapy, causing much uncertainty in clinical practice. We sought to evaluate the safety of PPIs use among high-risk cardiovascular patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in a long-term follow-up study.

METHODSA total of 7868 consecutive patients who had undergone PCI and received dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) at a single center from January 2013 to December 2013 were enrolled. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation inhibition was measured by modified thromboelastography (mTEG) in 5042 patients. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to control differing baseline factors. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the 2-year major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), as well as individual events, including all-cause death, myocardial infarction, unplanned target vessel revascularization, stent thrombosis, and stroke.

RESULTSAmong the whole cohort, 27.2% were prescribed PPIs. The ADP-induced platelet aggregation inhibition by mTEG was significantly lower in PPI users than that in non-PPI users (42.0 ± 30.9% vs. 46.4 ± 31.4%, t = 4.435, P < 0.001). Concomitant PPI use was not associated with increased MACCE through 2-year follow-up (12.7% vs. 12.5%, χ2 = 0.086, P = 0.769). Other endpoints showed no significant differences after multivariate adjustment, regardless of PSM.

CONCLUSIONIn this large cohort of real-world patients, the combination of PPIs with DAPT was not associated with increased risk of MACCE in patients who underwent PCI at up to 2 years of follow-up.

OBJECTIVETo determine whether B lymphocyte-specific transcription factor Pax5 regulates B-lympho-magenesis without direct binding to promoter.

METHODSMouse B-lymphoma cell line myc3 and 38B9 were infected with GFPtagged retrovirus that encodes wide type or various mutant pax5 genes. After viral infection for 48 hours, the percentage of GFP positive lymphoma cells was determined by flow cytomety. The percentage of GFP positive tumor cells was further monitored every 3 days in vitro or once the tumor was formed in vivo. Both cell cycle and apoptic cell number of GFP positive lymphoma cells were analyzed using flow cytometry.

RESULTSSimilar to the infection with wild type Pax5 retrovirus, infection with Pax5 mt 1-357 and Pax5 mt 304-358 that lacks of DNA binding motif can strongly increase the percentage of GFPB-lymphoma cells both in vitro and in vivo (P<0.01), while infection with empty viral vector migR-GFP and Pax5 mt 1-143 containing only DNA binding motif failed to increase the percentage of GFP positive tumor cells (P>0.05). Moreover, the analysis of flow cytometry demonstrated that more B-lymphoma cells infected with wild type Pax5, Pax5 mt 1-357 and Pax5 mt 304-358 retroviruses entered S and G/M phases in comparison with those infected with empty viral vector migR-GFP and Pax5 mt 1-143. Apoptotic rates among different groups were not significantly changed.

CONCLUSIONPax5 can promote B-lymphoma cell growth both in vitro and in vivo in a promoter-independent manner. This is mainly due to the accelerating of cell cycle rather than decreasing apoptosis. Our studies provide potential theory for restraing B-lymphomagenesis by targeting the specific Pax5 domains.