Obesity is a multi-factorial disease involving genetics, individual behavior, socio-economic status, and environmental factors, and has become a global public health issue. The food environment, as an external factor amenable to direct intervention, affects the development of obesity by shaping individual food acquisition and consumption behaviors. The food environment refers to the physical and social environment where food is accessible, and can be assessed from dimensions such as availability, accessibility, and affordability through geographic information system spatial analysis, field surveys, commercial databases, and questionnaires. Studies indicate that the food environment can influence obesity through the spatial shaping effects of dietary structure and sociobehavioral pathways. A healthy food environment is negatively correlated with the risk of obesity, whereas an unhealthy food environment is positively correlated with the risk of obesity. This paper reviews studies related to the correlation between the food environment and obesity, covering the prevalence of obesity, the definition and assessment methods of the food environment, and the mechanisms by which the food environment affects obesity. It summarizes food environment intervention strategies centered on urban planning, policies and regulations, and community education to provide a reference for obesity prevention and control.

Bone grafting is a primary method for treating bone defects. Among various graft materials, xenogeneic bone substitutes are widely used in clinical practice due to their abundant sources, convenient processing and storage, and avoidance of secondary surgeries. With the advancement of domestic production and the limitations of imported products, an increasing number of bone filling or grafting substitute materials isentering clinical trials. Relevant experts have drafted this consensus to enhance the management of medical device clinical trials, protect the rights of participants, and ensure the scientific and effective execution of trials. It summarizes clinical experience in aspects, such as design principles, participant inclusion/exclusion criteria, observation periods, efficacy evaluation metrics, safety assessment indicators, and quality control, to provide guidance for professionals in the field.
Humans ; Bone Substitutes/therapeutic use* ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/methods* ; Consensus ; Bone Transplantation ; Research Design

Pregnancy complicated with acute myeloid leukemia is uncommon,requiring the collaborative management by specialists from departments of hematology,obstetrics,anesthesiology,and neonatology for both the parturient and the neonate.This article reports an anesthesic management process of a parturient woman with acute myeloid leukemia and reviews relevant literature published in recent years to systematically summarize the approach for anesthesia-related perinatal management of such patients.
Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/complications* ; Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic ; Adult ; Anesthesia, Obstetrical/methods*

Objective:To develop an automatic diagnostic model for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis(TMJOA)imaging based on deep learning technology,and to assist clinical diagnosis and improve the efficiency and accuracy of TMJOA diagnosis.Methods:CBCT data of 220 patients were collected,and 2 052 sagittal images were exported.Regions of interest were delineated according to the imaging analysis criteria for temporomandibular joint disorders,and the images were classified into TMJOA-free,TMJOA-uncer-tain and TMJOA.The data were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set according to 8∶2 ratio,and the training set data were used to train a TMJOA detection model based on three lightweight YOLOV5 deep learning frameworks,and the models' performance was evaluated on the validation set.Results:The Yolov5N model demonstrated the best performance,achieving a de-tection accuracy,recall,and precision of 92.5％,90.1％and 85.7％on the validation set,respectively.Conclusion:The auto-matic detection model for TMJOA imaging developed in this study can effectively identify arthritic lesions.Artificial intelligence tools are expected to become a powerful auxiliary tool for the clinical diagnosis of TMJOA.

Objective The objective of this study was to explore the effect of knocking down CXCL8 on the efficacy of pacli-taxel chemotherapy in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and to investigate its potential mechanism of action.Methods The Hela cell model was used to specifically inhibit CXCL8 gene expression through lentivirus-mediated RNA interference(RNAi)technology.The optimal transfection conditions were HitransG P and a multiplicity of infection(MOI)of 100.The CCK-8 assay was used to screen the optimal intervention concentration of puromycin as 1.5μg/mL.The LV-CXCL8-RNAi(3 targets)and negative control lentivirus were transfected into cells under optimal transfection conditions and set up a blank control group.The qRT-PCR assay was used to select the sh-CXCL8-13 group lentivirus as the intervention sequence and virus for subsequent experiments.The experiments were divided into the blank control group,negative control group,sh-CXCL8 group,paclitaxel group,and sh-CXCL8+paclitaxel group.The prolifer-ative activity and invasive ability of cervical cancer cells were assessed by CCK-8 and cell invasion assays.The expression of CXCL8,Bcl2,Bax,and β-actin were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot.Results Compared with the other four groups,the proliferative and invasive ability of Hela cells was significantly reduced in the sh-CXCL8+paclitaxel group,and the difference was statistically sig-nificant(P<0.01).The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of CXCL8,Bcl2,PIK3CB,and Akt1 genes was significantly re-duced,and the expression of Bax gene was significantly increased in the sh-CXCL8+paclitaxel group.The difference between the groups was statistically significant(P<0.001).The results of Western blot showed that the expression of CXCL8,PIK3CB,and p-Akt1 proteins was reduced in the sh-CXCL8+paclitaxel group(P<0.05).Conclusion Knocking down CXCL8 can reduce the prolif-erative and invasive capacity of Hela cells,possibly by affecting the PI3K/Akt pathway to affect the drug sensitivity of Hela cells to paclitaxel.

AIM To investigate the effects of Huazhuo Jiedu Shugan Formula(HJSGF)on improving learning and memory impairment in a rat model of vascular dementia(VD)via SIRT1/PGC-1α/PPARγ pathway.METHODS The SD rats were randomly divided into the sham control group,the model group,the donepezil group(0.5 mg/kg),and the low-,medium-and high-dose HJSGF groups(2.7,5.4,10.8 g/kg),with 10 rats in each group.The VD rat models established by bilateral common carotid artery permanent ligation(2-VO)had their neurological behavior assessment using the Longa5-point scale,and their modeling success confirmed by the Morris water maze test and their 3-week corresponding dosing of drugs by gavage afterward.After the drug administration,the rats had their spatial memory ability tested through behavioral experiments;their serum levels of IL-18 and IL-1β measured by ELISA;their histopathological changes and neuronal morphology in the hippocampal CA1 region observed by HE staining and Nissl staining;and their hippocampal protein expressions of SIRT1,PGC-1α and PPARγ detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.RESULTS Compared with the sham control group,the model group showed prolonged escape latency(P＜0.01);decreased platform crossing times and target quadrant residence time(P＜0.01);disorganized arrangement of hippocampal CA1 neurons,nuclear condensation,reduced Nissl bodies,increased secretion and protein expressions of IL-1β and IL-18(P＜0.01);and reduced hippocampal protein expressions of SIRT1,PGC-1α and PPARγ(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the groups intervened with donepezil or HJSGF showed shortened escape latency(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);increased platform crossing times and target quadrant residence time(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);alleviated damage of the hippocampal CA1 region,reduced secretion and protein expressions of IL-1β and IL-18(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);and elevated hippocampal protein expressions of SIRT1,PGC-1α and PPARγ(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION HJSGF may alleviate the inflammatory responses in VD rats and therefore improve their learning and memory impairment by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α/PPARγ signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore the research hotspots and trends in the radiomics field based on bibliometric for breast cancer.Methods:Publications related to radiomics for breast cancer during January 2012 to June 2024 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection databases.Then,the R software's package"bibliometric"tool,VOSviewer and CiteSpace softwares were used to conduct visual analysis of radiomics-related bibliometric for breast cancer,which involved to publication trends,countries,institutions,journals,authors,keywords,and highlight keywords.Results:A total of 683 radiomics-related literatures for breast cancer were obtained,and 518 articles were finally included after non-English literatures and non-Article literatures were excluded.China and Sun Yat-sen University emerged as the leading country(326 articles)and institution(83 articles).The top three journals with the most of published articles were respectively,and.Professor Mao Ning has the largest number of articles,followed by Pinker Katja and Liang Changhong.The results of keywords and highlight keywords showed that current radiomics researches for breast cancer mainly focused on the applications of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),machine learning,deep learning,artificial intelligence,and radiogenomics in prediction for diseases'prognosis,and assessment for treatment's response.Conclusion:The applications of machine learning,deep learning and multi-parameter imaging belongs to hot-research fields in assessment for personalized treatment.Future research directions would more and more tend to integrate artificial intelligence and multi-omics analysis,so as to promote prognostic assessment and personalized treatment.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Objective To explore the correlation between glycolysis related indexes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)[glucose transporter 1(GLUT1),fructose-2,6-diphosphatase 3(PFKFB3)and lactate kinase M2(PKM2)]and intracranial pressure and clinical prognosis of patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage(HICH)who broke into the ventricle.Methods 85 HICH patients hospitalized in our hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 were retrospectively collected as the research participants.The levels of PKM2,GLUT1 and PFKFB3 in PBMCs were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.Six months after the onset of HICH,the short-term outcome was evaluated by modified Rankin scale(mRS),and the patients were divided into good prognosis(mRS score≤2)and poor prognosis(mRS score≥3).Results The levels of PKM2,PFKFB3 and GLUT1 in PBMCs of HICH patients with ventricular rupture were further lower than those of the patients without ventricular rupture(P<0.05).Six months after discharge,8 patients(22.9%)with HICH in non-ventricular rupture group had poor prognosis,while 28 patients(56.0%)with HICH in ventricular rupture group had poor prognosis,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=9.263,P=0.002).Compared with the group with good prognosis,the levels of PKM2 and GLUT1 in PBMCs of HICH patients with poor prognosis were lower(P<0.05).Compared with the good prognosis group,the levels of PKM2 and GLUT1 in PBMCs of HICH patients with poor prognosis group were lower in HICH patients with ventricular rupture(P<0.05).In HICH patients who broke into the ventricle,the AUC of PKM2 and GLUT1 in predicting the poor prognosis of HICH patients were 0.879(95%CI:0.807～0.951)and 0.897(95%CI:0.831～0.963),respectively.Conclusion The levels of PKM2 and GLUT1 in PBMCs of patients with HICH breaking into ventricles decrease significantly,and are negatively correlated with intracranial pressure,which can be used to predict the short-term prognosis of the patients.

Objective To analyze the value of combined prediction of peripheral blood CD4+,CD3-CD16+CD56+,CD8+,CD19+for the risk of death in patients with Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic syn-drome(EBV-HLH).Methods A total of 84 patients with EBV-HLH who were treated in Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University and Peking University First Hospital from May 2021 to A-pril 2023 were selected and divided into a death group(17 cases)and a survival group(67 cases)according to their survival outcomes within 6 months.The general information and peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets of the two groups were compared,multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the influencing factors of death in EBV-HLH patients,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets on death in EBV-HLH patients.Results The platelet count,hemoglobin,CD4+and CD3-CD16+CD56+levels in the death group were lower than those in the survival group,while the levels of CD8+and CD19+were higher than those in the survival group(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that platelet count,hemoglobin,CD4+,and CD3-CD16+CD56+were all independent protective factors for the death of EBV-HLH patients,while CD8+and CD19+were independent risk factors for the death of EBV-HLH patients(P＜0.05).The ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve of combined prediction of CD4+,CD8+,CD19+,CD3 CD16+CD56+for death in EBV-HLH patients was 0.923,with sensitivity and specificity of 94.12％and 80.60％,respectively,which were significantly higher than those predicted by each individual indicator(P＜0.05).Conclusion The abnormal expression of CD4+,CD3-CD16+CD56+,CD8+,and CD19+in peripheral blood of EBV-HLH patients is associated with their survival outcomes,and the combined prediction of CD4+,CD3-CD16+CD56+,CD8+,and CD19+has high reference value for predicting patients'death.