AIM:To automatically identify and quantitatively assess myopia-related fundus structural changes by combining non-mydriatic color fundus photography with an artificial intelligence(AI)-powered quantitative fundus analysis system and to further analyze the correlations between these fundus parameters and spherical equivalent(SE), axial length(AL), and age, providing the objective basis for monitoring myopia progression and supporting the formulation of personalized myopia prevention and control strategies. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted enrolling myopic patients aged 18-50 y who underwent myopia screening from March 2023 to December 2023. Patients were stratified into three groups based on SE: the -3.00 D

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and associated factors of comorbid obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) coexisting with restless legs syndrome (RLS).Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted, enrolling hospitalized patients diagnosed with OSA or RLS at Peking University Sixth Hospital from June 2015 to May 2023. Participants were divided into three groups: OSA with RLS (comorbid group, n=26), OSA alone ( n=60, RLS-excluding), and RLS alone ( n=45, OSA-excluding). Demographic characteristics, clinical data, laboratory indicators (i.e., hemoglobin, ferritin, serum iron, folate, vitamin B 12, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, fasting glucose), and polysomnography (PSG) parameters were collected. Group differences were analyzed using ANOVA, chi-square tests, and non-parametric tests. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with OSA comorbid RLS. Results:Laboratory analyses revealed that patients in the comorbid group had significantly lower hemoglobin ( P=0.046) and ferritin levels ( P=0.024) than the OSA-alone group. Conversely, serum phosphorus was markedly elevated in the comorbid group compared to both control groups ( F=2.23, P<0.01). Polysomnography test found significantly higher periodic limb movement during sleep index (PLMSI) in the comorbid group vs. OSA-alone group (Dunn-Bonferroni correction P=0.001), reduced minimum oxygen saturation in the comorbid group vs. RLS-alone group (Dunn-Bonferroni correction P<0.001), and increased respiratory-related microarousals in the comorbid group vs. RLS-alone group (Dunn-Bonferroni correction P<0.001). Multivariate analysis adjusted for covariates confirmed that periodic limb movement during sleep index (PLMSI) ( OR=1.04, 95% CI=1.02-1.07, P=0.001) and serum phosphorus ( OR=6.51, 95% CI=1.86-27.40, P=0.003) independently contributed to OSA-RLS comorbidity. Conclusion:The coexistence of OSA and RLS manifests as dual dysregulation in iron-phosphorus metabolism and synchronized respiratory-motor dysfunction. Mechanistically, hypoxia-induced systemic inflammation may serve as a nexus linking metabolic perturbations and sleep fragmentation in this clinical subpopulation, highlighting potential biomarkers for targeted management.

Objective To investigate the effect of continuous theta burst stimulation-intermittent theta burst stimulation(cTBS-iT-BS)priming protocols with different time intervals on the plasticity of primary motor cortex(M1).Methods A total of 39 healthy young adults were recruited from Changzhou De'an Hospital from March to August,2024.Participants received cTBS-iTBS priming protocols with intervals of 5 minutes,10 minutes and 15 minutes using a randomized crossover design.Motor-evoked potential(MEP)amplitudes in M1 were recorded at baseline(before intervention)and 0 minute,10 minutes,20 minutes and 30 minutes after intervention.Results The main effects of stimulation protocol(F=19.761,P<0.001)and measurement time(F=10.224,P<0.001)were significant.At each time point after intervention,the MEP amplitude was significantly higher under the 10-minute interval than under the 5-minute and 15-minute intervals(t>3.010,P<0.05).Conclusion The 10-minute interval of cTBS-iTBS is more effective on M1 plasticity.

Energy metabolism reconstruction is the new target of the treatment of heart failure. By combing the researches of Chinese medicinals for energy metabolism reconstruction of heart failure， it was found that Chinese medicinal compound formula and single Chinese medicinal have a certain role in regulating energy metabolism， mainly through three aspects， including the optimization of substrate utilization， improvement of mitochondrial structure， function， and homeostasis， and improvement of mitochondrial energy transport， so as to make the energy metabolism of the cardiomyocyte adjusted in the direction of beneficial to the organism， increasing the supply of energy， and improving the cardiac function.

Objective:To investigate the ocular pathogen spectrum and drug sensitivity characteristics of patients to be diagnosed with infectious keratitis within 10 years in two tertiary hospitals in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, eastern China.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Microbial culture specimens from consecutive 1 404 patients with suspected infectious keratitis admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology at the First People's Hospital of Nantong City and Nantong University Affiliated Hospital from January 2014 to October 2023 were collected.The patients' general data, etiology and drug sensitivity test results were analyzed.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Nantong First People's Hospital (No.2021KT273) and Nantong University Affiliated Hospital (No.2019-K068).Results:Among 1 404 patients with suspected infectious keratitis, the positive rate of microbial culture was 37.04%(520/1 404).A total of 537 strains were isolated and cultured, with fungi accounting for 69.09%(371/537) and bacteria accounting for 30.91%(166/537).The common bacterial genera in fungal keratitis were Fusarium (47.17%, 175/371), Alternaria (15.90%, 59/371), Aspergillus (14.56%, 54/371), Certospora (10.78%, 40/371) and Penicillium (3.50%, 13/371).The annual composition ratio of Fusarium showed a downward trend, while Certospora showed an upward trend.The common bacteria in bacterial keratitis were Staphylococcus epidermidis (24.10%, 40/166), Streptococcus pneumoniae (17.47%, 29/166), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.25%, 22/166), Staphylococcus aureus (6.63%, 11/166) and Corynebacterium macginleyi (4.22%, 7/166).The annual composition ratio of Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed an increasing trend.The resistance rates of gram-positive bacteria to levofloxacin and vancomycin were 36.26% and 0% respectively, and the resistance rates of gram-negative bacteria to aminoglycosides and ceftazidime were <10%.A total of 61 bacterial strains (40.94%) were multi-drug resistant. Conclusions:Fusarium is common in fungal keratitis, and Corynebacterium macginleyi in bacterial keratitis may be a microbial feature in Nantong City.Levofloxacin may no longer be suitable as a first-line antibiotic for topical ocular use.

Objective To investigate the effects of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products(sRAGE)on the changes and functions of myocardial tissue proteins in mice during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion(I/R).Methods Establish the myocardial I/R model using cardiac-specific sRAGE transgenic mice,and apply proteomic methods to detect the types and levels of protein expression in myocardial tissue.Results Compared with the I/R+sRAGE KIfl/fl group,the I/R+sRAGE CKI group had 59 upregulated proteins and 42 downregulated proteins in myocardial tissue.The volcano plot showed that the significantly upregulated proteins were lghg1,lgh2b,Mcm7,and Nifk,and the significantly downregulated proteins were Abca7,Colla2,Ablim1,Crebrf,and Kcp,respectively.The subcellular localization results showed that the proteins with significant changes were mainly distributed in the nucleus,cytoplasm,extracellular space,plasma membrane,endoplasmic reticulum,cytoskeleton,and others.The results of functional enrichment showed that the significantly changed proteins were mainly involved in regulating signal transduction,cell motility,metabolism,infectious diseases,tumors and the immune system.Conclusion sRAGE can inhibit myocardial I/R injury by increasing or decreasing target proteins involved in regulating intracellular and extracellular signal transduction processes following myocardial I/R.

Objective:To investigate the ocular pathogen spectrum and drug sensitivity characteristics of patients to be diagnosed with infectious keratitis within 10 years in two tertiary hospitals in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, eastern China.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Microbial culture specimens from consecutive 1 404 patients with suspected infectious keratitis admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology at the First People's Hospital of Nantong City and Nantong University Affiliated Hospital from January 2014 to October 2023 were collected.The patients' general data, etiology and drug sensitivity test results were analyzed.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Nantong First People's Hospital (No.2021KT273) and Nantong University Affiliated Hospital (No.2019-K068).Results:Among 1 404 patients with suspected infectious keratitis, the positive rate of microbial culture was 37.04%(520/1 404).A total of 537 strains were isolated and cultured, with fungi accounting for 69.09%(371/537) and bacteria accounting for 30.91%(166/537).The common bacterial genera in fungal keratitis were Fusarium (47.17%, 175/371), Alternaria (15.90%, 59/371), Aspergillus (14.56%, 54/371), Certospora (10.78%, 40/371) and Penicillium (3.50%, 13/371).The annual composition ratio of Fusarium showed a downward trend, while Certospora showed an upward trend.The common bacteria in bacterial keratitis were Staphylococcus epidermidis (24.10%, 40/166), Streptococcus pneumoniae (17.47%, 29/166), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.25%, 22/166), Staphylococcus aureus (6.63%, 11/166) and Corynebacterium macginleyi (4.22%, 7/166).The annual composition ratio of Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed an increasing trend.The resistance rates of gram-positive bacteria to levofloxacin and vancomycin were 36.26% and 0% respectively, and the resistance rates of gram-negative bacteria to aminoglycosides and ceftazidime were <10%.A total of 61 bacterial strains (40.94%) were multi-drug resistant. Conclusions:Fusarium is common in fungal keratitis, and Corynebacterium macginleyi in bacterial keratitis may be a microbial feature in Nantong City.Levofloxacin may no longer be suitable as a first-line antibiotic for topical ocular use.

Objective To investigate the effect of continuous theta burst stimulation-intermittent theta burst stimulation(cTBS-iT-BS)priming protocols with different time intervals on the plasticity of primary motor cortex(M1).Methods A total of 39 healthy young adults were recruited from Changzhou De'an Hospital from March to August,2024.Participants received cTBS-iTBS priming protocols with intervals of 5 minutes,10 minutes and 15 minutes using a randomized crossover design.Motor-evoked potential(MEP)amplitudes in M1 were recorded at baseline(before intervention)and 0 minute,10 minutes,20 minutes and 30 minutes after intervention.Results The main effects of stimulation protocol(F=19.761,P<0.001)and measurement time(F=10.224,P<0.001)were significant.At each time point after intervention,the MEP amplitude was significantly higher under the 10-minute interval than under the 5-minute and 15-minute intervals(t>3.010,P<0.05).Conclusion The 10-minute interval of cTBS-iTBS is more effective on M1 plasticity.

Objective To investigate the effects of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products(sRAGE)on the changes and functions of myocardial tissue proteins in mice during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion(I/R).Methods Establish the myocardial I/R model using cardiac-specific sRAGE transgenic mice,and apply proteomic methods to detect the types and levels of protein expression in myocardial tissue.Results Compared with the I/R+sRAGE KIfl/fl group,the I/R+sRAGE CKI group had 59 upregulated proteins and 42 downregulated proteins in myocardial tissue.The volcano plot showed that the significantly upregulated proteins were lghg1,lgh2b,Mcm7,and Nifk,and the significantly downregulated proteins were Abca7,Colla2,Ablim1,Crebrf,and Kcp,respectively.The subcellular localization results showed that the proteins with significant changes were mainly distributed in the nucleus,cytoplasm,extracellular space,plasma membrane,endoplasmic reticulum,cytoskeleton,and others.The results of functional enrichment showed that the significantly changed proteins were mainly involved in regulating signal transduction,cell motility,metabolism,infectious diseases,tumors and the immune system.Conclusion sRAGE can inhibit myocardial I/R injury by increasing or decreasing target proteins involved in regulating intracellular and extracellular signal transduction processes following myocardial I/R.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and associated factors of comorbid obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) coexisting with restless legs syndrome (RLS).Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted, enrolling hospitalized patients diagnosed with OSA or RLS at Peking University Sixth Hospital from June 2015 to May 2023. Participants were divided into three groups: OSA with RLS (comorbid group, n=26), OSA alone ( n=60, RLS-excluding), and RLS alone ( n=45, OSA-excluding). Demographic characteristics, clinical data, laboratory indicators (i.e., hemoglobin, ferritin, serum iron, folate, vitamin B 12, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, fasting glucose), and polysomnography (PSG) parameters were collected. Group differences were analyzed using ANOVA, chi-square tests, and non-parametric tests. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with OSA comorbid RLS. Results:Laboratory analyses revealed that patients in the comorbid group had significantly lower hemoglobin ( P=0.046) and ferritin levels ( P=0.024) than the OSA-alone group. Conversely, serum phosphorus was markedly elevated in the comorbid group compared to both control groups ( F=2.23, P<0.01). Polysomnography test found significantly higher periodic limb movement during sleep index (PLMSI) in the comorbid group vs. OSA-alone group (Dunn-Bonferroni correction P=0.001), reduced minimum oxygen saturation in the comorbid group vs. RLS-alone group (Dunn-Bonferroni correction P<0.001), and increased respiratory-related microarousals in the comorbid group vs. RLS-alone group (Dunn-Bonferroni correction P<0.001). Multivariate analysis adjusted for covariates confirmed that periodic limb movement during sleep index (PLMSI) ( OR=1.04, 95% CI=1.02-1.07, P=0.001) and serum phosphorus ( OR=6.51, 95% CI=1.86-27.40, P=0.003) independently contributed to OSA-RLS comorbidity. Conclusion:The coexistence of OSA and RLS manifests as dual dysregulation in iron-phosphorus metabolism and synchronized respiratory-motor dysfunction. Mechanistically, hypoxia-induced systemic inflammation may serve as a nexus linking metabolic perturbations and sleep fragmentation in this clinical subpopulation, highlighting potential biomarkers for targeted management.