Purpose: : This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the interprofessional education (IPE) program for nursing and Health and Welfare students. Methods: : This study used a quasi-experimental method (single group, before and after). The participants were 45 students from the nursing and Health and Welfare departments. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire. Data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test using SPSS/WIN Statistics version 19.0. Results: : After completing the IPE program, students’ readiness for interprofessional learning (t=4.76, p<.001), self-efficacy for interprofessional experimental learning (t=16.05, p<.001) and teamwork attitudes (t=5.59, p<.001) scores were significantly higher than before the program. Conclusion : The study results indicate that the IPE program for nursing and Health and Welfare students is effective in increasing their readiness for interprofessional learning, self-efficacy for interprofessional experimental learning and teamwork attitudes.

Purpose: : This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the interprofessional education (IPE) program for nursing and Health and Welfare students. Methods: : This study used a quasi-experimental method (single group, before and after). The participants were 45 students from the nursing and Health and Welfare departments. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire. Data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test using SPSS/WIN Statistics version 19.0. Results: : After completing the IPE program, students’ readiness for interprofessional learning (t=4.76, p<.001), self-efficacy for interprofessional experimental learning (t=16.05, p<.001) and teamwork attitudes (t=5.59, p<.001) scores were significantly higher than before the program. Conclusion : The study results indicate that the IPE program for nursing and Health and Welfare students is effective in increasing their readiness for interprofessional learning, self-efficacy for interprofessional experimental learning and teamwork attitudes.

Purpose: : This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the interprofessional education (IPE) program for nursing and Health and Welfare students. Methods: : This study used a quasi-experimental method (single group, before and after). The participants were 45 students from the nursing and Health and Welfare departments. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire. Data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test using SPSS/WIN Statistics version 19.0. Results: : After completing the IPE program, students’ readiness for interprofessional learning (t=4.76, p<.001), self-efficacy for interprofessional experimental learning (t=16.05, p<.001) and teamwork attitudes (t=5.59, p<.001) scores were significantly higher than before the program. Conclusion : The study results indicate that the IPE program for nursing and Health and Welfare students is effective in increasing their readiness for interprofessional learning, self-efficacy for interprofessional experimental learning and teamwork attitudes.

Objective: This study aimed to establish the basic veterinary clinical skills required to ensure graduates of Korean veterinary universities have the day-one competency to independently perform their professional duties. Methods: The Education Committee of the Korean Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges, composed of veterinary school professors and an experienced veterinarian in the clinic, reviewed domestic and international veterinary education-related materials to define basic clinical skills. Results: The Korean Veterinarian Entrustable Professional Activities (KVEPA) was introduced, followed by the subsequent development of 54 essential clinical skills based on the KVEPA. Conclusions and Relevance: The veterinary basic clinical skills established through this study can be used as a specific guide for clinical education in Korean veterinary school, and is expected to play an important role in meeting the needs of the educational sector of the veterinary education accreditation standards.

Competencies are defined as an observable and assessable set of knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Graduation competencies, which are more comprehensive, refer to the required abilities of students to perform on-site work immediately after graduation. As graduation competencies set the goal of education, various countries and institutions have introduced them for new veterinary graduates. The Korean Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges has recently established such competencies to standardize veterinary education and enhance quality levels thereof. The purpose of this study is to describe the process of establishing graduation competencies as well as their implication for veterinary education in Korea.Graduation competencies for veterinary education in Korea comprise 5 domains (animal health care and disease management, one health expertise, communication and collaboration, research and learning, and veterinary professionalism). These are further divided into 11 core competencies, and 33 achievement standards, which were carefully chosen from previous case analyses and nation-wide surveys. Currently, graduation competencies are used as a standard for setting clear educational purposes for both instructors and students. Establishing these competencies further initiated the development of detailed learning outcomes, and of a list of basic veterinary clinical performances and skills, which is useful for assessing knowledge and skills. The establishment of graduation competencies is expected to contribute to the continuous development of Korean veterinary education in many ways. These include curriculum standardization and licensing examination reform, which will eventually improve the competencies of new veterinary graduates.

Recently, we reported that Artemisia annua (AA) has anti-adipogenic properties in vitro and in vivo. Reduction of adipogenesis by AA treatment may dampen systemic inflammation and protect neurons from cytokine-induced damage. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to assess whether AA increases neuronal maturation by reducing inflammatory responses, such as those mediated by cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). Mice were fed normal chow or a high-fat diet with or without chronic daily oral administration of AA extract (0.2 g/10 mL/kg) for 4 weeks; then, changes in their hippocampal dentate gyri were measured via immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence staining for bromodexoxyuridine, doublecortin, and neuronal nuclei, markers of neuronal maturation, and quantitative western blotting for COX-2 and Iba-1, in order to assess correlations between systemic inflammation (interleukin-6) and food type. Additionally, we tested the effect of AA in an Alzheimer's disease model of Caenorhabditis elegans and uncovered a potential benefit. The results show that chronic AA dosing significantly increases neuronal maturation, particularly in the high-fat diet group. This effect was seen in the absence of any changes in COX-2 levels in mice given the same type of food, pointing to the possibility of alternate anti-inflammatory pathways in the stimulation of neurogenesis and neuro-maturation in a background of obesity.
Adipogenesis ; Administration, Oral* ; Alzheimer Disease ; Animals ; Artemisia annua ; Blotting, Western ; Caenorhabditis elegans ; Cyclooxygenase 2* ; Dentate Gyrus* ; Diet, High-Fat ; In Vitro Techniques ; Inflammation ; Mice* ; Neurogenesis ; Neurons* ; Obesity* ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases*

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare two nickel-titanium systems (rotary vs. reciprocating) for their acceptance by undergraduate students who experienced nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments for the first time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-one sophomore dental students were first taught on manual root canal preparation with stainless-steel files. After that, they were instructed on the use of ProTaper Universal system (PTU, Dentsply Maillefer), then the WaveOne (WO, Dentsply Maillefer). They practiced with each system on 2 extracted molars, before using those files to shape the buccal or mesial canals of additional first molars. A questionnaire was completed after using each file system, seeking students' perception about 'Ease of use', 'Flexibility', 'Cutting-efficiency', 'Screwing-effect', 'Feeling-safety', and 'Instrumentation-time' of the NiTi files, relative to stainless-steel instrumentation, on a 5-point Likert-type scale. They were also requested to indicate their preference between the two systems. Data was compared between groups using t-test, and with Chi-square test for correlation of each perception value with the preferred choice (p = 0.05). RESULTS: Among the 81 students, 55 indicated their preferred file system as WO and 22 as PTU. All scores were greater than 4 (better) for both systems, compared with stainless-steel files, except for 'Screwing-effect' for PTU. The scores for WO in the categories of 'Flexibility', 'Screwing-effect', and 'Feeling-safety' were significantly higher scores than those of PTU. A significant association between the 'Screwing-effect' and students' preference for WO was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Novice operators preferred nickel-titanium instruments to stainless-steel, and majority of them opted for reciprocating file instead of continuous rotating system.
Humans ; Molar ; Root Canal Preparation ; Students, Dental

Wrestlers has frequently injured on his ear by friction or hitting. If the ear injury like hematoma did not treat appropriately, it should be deform to disfigured outer shape. We analyzed the incidence and characteristics of ear deformity with elite wrestlers. We took the photo with elite 58 male wrestlers' ears. We surveyed the carrier of elite player, duration of training time, ear injury history, treatment history and satisfactory scale of his ear shape. The characteristics of ear shape were classified by Yotuyanagi classification. 44 wrestlers has deformity of his ear in elite wrestlers (76%, 44/58). Right side ear deformity is 50 cases, bilaterally involvement is one case. Microtia was 11 (24%), ear protrusion was 15 (33%) cases. Yotuyanagi type IB was 13 (29%) cases that deformity extending from helix to antihelix. Type IIA was 12 (27%) cases that deformity with a substantial change with good structural integrity in outline of the ear. Acute ear injury was treated with simple icing (33 cases, 56%), aspiration and compression (6 cases, 10%). 34 wrestlers (77%) dissatisfied his own ear shape. 10% of acute ear injuries treat appropriately in domestic elite male wrestlers. 76% of the wrestlers has an ear deformity and dissatisfaction.
Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Ear Deformities, Acquired ; Ear* ; Friction ; Hematoma* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Prevalence*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of silicone oil tamponade in patients with chronic serous retinal detachment (SRD) persisting for three months after the resolution of ocular inflammation. METHODS: A total of 17 eyes of 17 patients diagnosed with chronic SRD persisting for three months after the resolution of ocular inflammation and with high risk of phthisis bulbi by secondary ocular hypotony and macular detachment by subretinal fibrous membrane formation were subjected to surgical intervention. Subjects underwent silicone oil tamponade after surgical drainage of subretinal fluid. Retrospective analyses on anatomical and functional success rates were then performed. RESULTS: Anatomical success with retinal reattachment was observed in ten of the 17 eyes (58.82%), while functional success measured as difference in the best-corrected visual acuity before and after the surgery were logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) 1.95 +/- 0.66 and logMAR 1.51 +/- 0.66, respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that, in patients with chronic SRD despite prolonged medical treatment and resolution of inflammation, surgical drainage of subretinal fluid with silicone oil tamponade can achieve anatomical and functional success.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Drainage/methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retinal Detachment/diagnosis/*surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Silicone Oils/*administration & dosage ; Subretinal Fluid ; Treatment Outcome ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy/*methods ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of silicone oil tamponade in patients with chronic serous retinal detachment (SRD) persisting for three months after the resolution of ocular inflammation. METHODS: A total of 17 eyes of 17 patients diagnosed with chronic SRD persisting for three months after the resolution of ocular inflammation and with high risk of phthisis bulbi by secondary ocular hypotony and macular detachment by subretinal fibrous membrane formation were subjected to surgical intervention. Subjects underwent silicone oil tamponade after surgical drainage of subretinal fluid. Retrospective analyses on anatomical and functional success rates were then performed. RESULTS: Anatomical success with retinal reattachment was observed in ten of the 17 eyes (58.82%), while functional success measured as difference in the best-corrected visual acuity before and after the surgery were logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) 1.95 +/- 0.66 and logMAR 1.51 +/- 0.66, respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that, in patients with chronic SRD despite prolonged medical treatment and resolution of inflammation, surgical drainage of subretinal fluid with silicone oil tamponade can achieve anatomical and functional success.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Drainage/methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retinal Detachment/diagnosis/*surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Silicone Oils/*administration & dosage ; Subretinal Fluid ; Treatment Outcome ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy/*methods ; Young Adult