OBJECTIVES: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment has been reported to improve ovarian function in women, but the relationship between the dose and frequency of PRP treatment and its therapeutic effect remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of single and double PRP treatments for diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). METHODS: A total of 65 patients treated at the Reproductive Center of Xiangtan Central Hospital from September 2020 to October 2022 were randomly divided into 4 groups: A single PRP treatment group (21 patients, PRP treatment once), a double PRP treatment group (15 patients, PRP treatment twice), a blank control group (15 patients), and an artificial cycle control group (14 patients, treated with estrogen and progesterone). The differences in baseline follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), antral follicle count (AFC), ovarian volume, number of oocytes retrieved, number of good quality embryos, and pregnancy outcomes before and after treatment were compared among the 4 groups. RESULTS: Compared to before treatment, both single and double PRP treatment groups showed a significant reduction in FSH, and an increase in AFC, ovarian volume, numbers of oocytes retrieved, and number of MII oocytes (all P<0.05). Compared to the blank control group, the single and double PRP groups showed a decrease in FSH, with an increase in AFC, number of oocytes retrieved, and number of MII oocytes (all P<0.05). The rates of good quality embryos, clinical pregnancy rate, and live birth rate in the single and double PRP groups were higher than those in the blank control group and artificial cycle control groups, but the differences were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Compared to the single PRP treatment group, the double PRP group had lower FSH and higher AFC, but the differences were not statistically significant (both P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both single and double PRP ovarian injections can effectively improve ovarian reserve function in DOR patients and enhance ovarian response. Compared to single PRP ovarian injection, double PRP ovarian injection shows a trend of better improvement in ovarian reserve function.
Humans ; Female ; Platelet-Rich Plasma ; Ovarian Reserve/physiology* ; Adult ; Pregnancy ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood* ; Pregnancy Rate ; Ovary ; Ovulation Induction/methods* ; Ovarian Follicle ; Oocyte Retrieval

BACKGROUND: Mounting evidence implicates an association between ambient air pollution and impaired reproductive potential of human. Our study aimed to assess the association between air pollution and ovarian reserve in young, infertile women. METHODS: Our study included 2276 Korean women who attended a single fertility center in 2016-2018. Women's exposure to air pollution was assessed using concentrations of particulate matter (PM RESULTS: The mean age was 36.6 ± 4.2 years and AMH level was 3.3 ± 3.1 ng/mL in the study population. Average AMH ratio was 0.8 ± 0.7 and low AMH was observed in 10.3% of women (n=235). The average concentration of six air pollutants was not different between the normal ovarian reserve and low AMH groups for all averaging periods. In multivariable models, an interquartile range (IQR)-increase in 1 month-average PM CONCLUSIONS In a cohort of infertile Korean women, there was a suggestive evidence of the negative association between ambient PM concentration and ovarian reserve, highlighting the potential adverse impact of air pollution on women's fertility.
Adult ; Air Pollutants/adverse effects* ; Air Pollution/adverse effects* ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects* ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Female/etiology* ; Ovarian Reserve/physiology* ; Republic of Korea

BACKGROUNDPremature ovarian failure (POF) is a disease that affects female fertility but has few effective treatments. Ovarian reserve function plays an important role in female fertility. Recent studies have reported that hydrogen can protect male fertility. Therefore, we explored the potential protective effect of hydrogen-rich water on ovarian reserve function through a mouse immune POF model.

METHODSTo set up immune POF model, fifty female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: Control (mice consumed normal water, n = 10), hydrogen (mice consumed hydrogen-rich water, n = 10), model (mice were immunized with zona pellucida glycoprotein 3 [ZP3] and consumed normal water, n = 15), and model-hydrogen (mice were immunized with ZP3 and consumed hydrogen-rich water, n = 15) groups. After 5 weeks, mice were sacrificed. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, granulosa cell (GC) apoptotic index (AI), B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and BCL2-associated X protein (Bax) expression were examined. Analyses were performed using SPSS 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) software.

RESULTSImmune POF model, model group exhibited markedly reduced serum AMH levels compared with those of the control group (5.41 ± 0.91 ng/ml vs. 16.23 ± 1.97 ng/ml, P = 0.033) and the hydrogen group (19.65 ± 7.82 ng/ml, P = 0.006). The model-hydrogen group displayed significantly higher AMH concentrations compared with that of the model group (15.03 ± 2.75 ng/ml vs. 5.41 ± 0.91 ng/ml, P = 0.021). The GC AI was significantly higher in the model group (21.30 ± 1.74%) than those in the control (7.06 ± 0.27%), hydrogen (5.17 ± 0.41%), and model-hydrogen groups (11.24 ± 0.58%) (all P < 0.001). The GC AI was significantly higher in the model-hydrogen group compared with that of the hydrogen group (11.24 ± 0.58% vs. 5.17 ± 0.41%, P = 0.021). Compared with those of the model group, ovarian tissue Bcl-2 levels increased (2.18 ± 0.30 vs. 3.01 ± 0.33, P = 0.045) and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio decreased in the model-hydrogen group.

CONCLUSIONSHydrogen-rich water may improve serum AMH levels and reduce ovarian GC apoptosis in a mouse immune POF model induced by ZP3.

Animals ; Anti-Mullerian Hormone ; blood ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Female ; Granulosa Cells ; cytology ; Hydrogen ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Ovarian Reserve ; drug effects ; physiology ; Ovary ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency ; blood ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Water ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Zona Pellucida ; drug effects ; physiology ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels are regarded as an age-specific marker for predicting the ovarian reserve in women of reproductive age. Some studies have shown that the luteinizing hormone (LH)/follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio can be used as a predictor of ovarian reserve. The purpose of this study was to assess the variation of LH/FSH ratio with aging and to evaluate the correlation between serum LH/FSH ratio and AMH levels as a predictor of the ovarian reserve in normo-ovulatory women. We retrospectively analyzed the day 3 serum hormone levels in 1,251 patients (age range: 20-50 yr) between January 2010 and January 2011. We divided the patients into 6 groups according to their age. Relation between serum AMH level and LH/FSH ratio was analyzed statistically. The serum AMH level was inversely correlated with age (r = -0.400, P < 0.001). A significant negative correlation was found between serum LH/FSH ratio and age (r = -0.213, P < 0.001). There was a significant partial correlation between serum LH/FSH ratio and AMH level when adjusted by age (r = 0.348, P < 0.001). The LH/FSH ratio could be considered as a useful marker for the ovarian reserve and could be applied to the clinical evaluation with AMH.
Adult ; Aging/blood ; Anti-Mullerian Hormone/*blood ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/*blood ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/*blood ; Menstruation/blood/physiology ; Middle Aged ; Ovarian Reserve/*physiology ; Ovulation/*blood/physiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels are regarded as an age-specific marker for predicting the ovarian reserve in women of reproductive age. Some studies have shown that the luteinizing hormone (LH)/follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio can be used as a predictor of ovarian reserve. The purpose of this study was to assess the variation of LH/FSH ratio with aging and to evaluate the correlation between serum LH/FSH ratio and AMH levels as a predictor of the ovarian reserve in normo-ovulatory women. We retrospectively analyzed the day 3 serum hormone levels in 1,251 patients (age range: 20-50 yr) between January 2010 and January 2011. We divided the patients into 6 groups according to their age. Relation between serum AMH level and LH/FSH ratio was analyzed statistically. The serum AMH level was inversely correlated with age (r = -0.400, P < 0.001). A significant negative correlation was found between serum LH/FSH ratio and age (r = -0.213, P < 0.001). There was a significant partial correlation between serum LH/FSH ratio and AMH level when adjusted by age (r = 0.348, P < 0.001). The LH/FSH ratio could be considered as a useful marker for the ovarian reserve and could be applied to the clinical evaluation with AMH.
Adult ; Aging/blood ; Anti-Mullerian Hormone/*blood ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/*blood ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/*blood ; Menstruation/blood/physiology ; Middle Aged ; Ovarian Reserve/*physiology ; Ovulation/*blood/physiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between fetal growth restriction and decreased ovarian reserve (DOR) in adulthood to screen high-risk population for early interventions.

METHODSForty-four patients with FGR and 88 normal women aged 18-40 years were enrolled. All the subjects were examined for serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), inhibin B (INH-B), and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method in the first 3-5 days of the menstrual cycle, and the counts of antrum ovarian follicle were detected by transvaginal or transabdominal ultrasonography.

RESULTSThe serum levels FSH, INHB, AMH, and AFC in FGR group differed significantly from those in the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONFGR will affect reproductive endocrine function in adulthood to cause a decreased ovarian reserve.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-Mullerian Hormone ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Humans ; Inhibins ; blood ; Menstrual Cycle ; Ovarian Follicle ; physiology ; Ovarian Reserve ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult