Background: In recent years, the research and utilization of natural products and medicinal plants have significantly increased worldwide, alongside efforts to integrate traditional medicine with modern medical practices. Approximately 1,100 medicinal plant species are found in Mongolia, including 32 species belonging to the Papaveraceae family. Among them, Papaver nudicaule L. is widely distributed across various phytogeographical regions of Mongolia. Traditionally, this plant has been used to treat headaches, neuralgia, menstrual pain, dysentery, and gastrointestinal inflammation. However, studies on its chemical composition and biologically active constituents remain relatively limited. Therefore, investigating the phytochemical composition of this plant is essential for characterizing its medicinal raw materials and identifying its bioactive compounds. Aim: To investigate the phytochemical composition of the aerial parts of Papaver nudicaule L. Materials and Methods: The aerial parts of the plant were collected during the full flowering stage and subjected to fractionation using centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques, including ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, HSQC, COSY, and HMBC. Result: A total of 27 compounds were identified and characterized from the aerial parts of Papaver nudicaule L. using CPC and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Conclusion Twenty-seven compounds were identified from the aerial parts of Papaver nudicaule L., and their structures were elucidated. Among them, magnocurarine ((1R)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl6-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-ium-7-ol), norcoclaurine (S-norcoclaurine), N-methylcanadine ((S)-N-methylcanadine), canadine (N-methylchelianthifoline), luteolin (3′,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone), and dihydrocryptopine (5,6,7,8-tetrahydrocryptopine) were reported for the first time from this species.

Background: Bioactive compounds derived from plants have been extensively studied and widely applied in cosmetic and dermatological fields. In particular, plant-derived polyphenols and anthraquinones are known for their antioxidant properties as well as their ability to inhibit elastase enzyme activity. Elastase is a key proteolytic enzyme responsible for degrading elastin, a structural protein essential for maintaining skin elasticity. Excessive elastase activity contributes to skin aging and wrinkle formation. Therefore, the identification of plant-derived compounds capable of interacting with elastase is of significant importance for improving the composition and efficacy of cosmetic products. Aim: To identify bioactive compounds in the extract of Rheum undulatum L. and to investigate their interaction with elastase enzyme activity. Materials and Methods: The root of Rheum undulatum L. was used as the study material. Sample preparation was performed by grinding the plant root followed by extraction using 50% ethanol assisted by an ultrasonic water bath. The obtained extract was evaporated to dryness using a vacuum centrifugation system to remove the solvent completely. A total of 10 mg of the dried extract was dissolved in 100 µL methanol and 900 µL water, then filtered through a 0.1 µm membrane filter. Subsequently, two sample sets were prepared: a control sample and an elastase-incubated sample at a 1:1 ratio. Both were analyzed using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Data processing was performed using Agilent MassHunter Qualitative Analysis software (version 10.0). Results: LC-MS analysis revealed a total of 16 bioactive compounds in the root extract of Rheum undulatum L. Comparative analysis between the control and elastase-treated samples demonstrated a decrease in the peak areas of gluconic acid and citric acid, while an increase in the peak area of emodin was observed. These changes indicate compositional differences between the two sample conditions. Conclusion The LC-MS analysis of Rheum undulatum L. root extract identified multiple bioactive compounds belonging to anthraquinone, phenolic, and flavonoid classes. Variations in peak intensities between control and elastase-treated samples suggest potential interactions between certain compounds and the enzyme. These findings indicate that the root extract contains biologically active constituents capable of modulating elastase activity, supporting its potential application in anti-aging and cosmetic formulations.

Background: The prevalence of cerebral palsy is estimated to be between 1.5 and 3.8 per 1,000 live births. In Mongolia, the incidence is reported to be 1.89 per 1,000 live births. Physical therapy for children with cerebral palsy improved their motor abilities. The involvement of family members plays a critical role in engaging children in therapeutic activities. Aim: Empowering parents and guardians to ensure regular participation in physical therapy is a priority. Materials and Methods: A total of six children aged 4–9 years (2 males, 4 females) with quadriplegia who received home-based services between October 1, 2023, and October 1, 2024, were selected using a case-controlled clinical trial design. A physical therapist visited once every two weeks for 60-minute sessions. Children’s motor development was assessed using the GMFM-88 criteria, and statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26. Results: Following the physical therapist’s guidance, parents conducted physical therapy exercises with their children an average of 4.5 times per week, with each session lasting approximately 26.6 minutes. Statistically significant improvements in motor function were observed at the 3-month (p = 0.020), 6-month (p = 0.006), and 1-year (p = 0.006) reassessments. Conclusion These findings highlight the importance of parental and guardian involvement in supporting the motor development of children with cerebral palsy.

Background: Over the past 20 years, world wide scale social and economic reforms, technological breakthroughs, and the population growth (increased by 1.64 billion), especially in urban areas, have had a negative impact on human health; changes in living and working conditions (environmental and air pollution), population density, traffic jam, unhealthy lifestyles, workload, and work stress – all contribute to non-communicable diseases – are increasing. According to researchers from Stanford University in the United States, “Stress plays a key role in the development of behavioral disorders such as poor diet, lack of exercise, alcohol and tobacco use, and addiction. Furthermore, these behavioral disorders play a major role in the development of metabolic disorders and cancer, such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease such as myocardial infarction, and diabetes and obesity. “Stress, in particular, depends on the type of workplace, work environment, and occupation in which the person spends most of their life. Materials and Methods: The study is covered 473 nurses from the specialized tertiary level hospitals in Mongolia. We determined their perceived work stress by the WPS (3 parts 57 questions) questionnaire of American scientist Rice. The work stress results were analytically analyzed with the cross-sectional method regarding the nurses’ arterial blood pressure. Results: Totally 473, or 121, 89, 146, and 117 nurses participated from NCTO (1), NCMH (3), NCID (4), and NCC (4). In present study, 34 or 7.2% of 18-24 year olds, 139 or 29.4% of 25-30 year olds, 99 or 20.9% of 31-40 year olds, 169 or 35.7% of 41-50, and 32 or 6.8% over 51 year olds. The study was conducted by collecting an age group similar to the age pyramid of nurses working in the hospital. The participants illustrated low levels of work stress in 7.6%, medium levels in 27.1%, and high levels of work stress in 65.3%, respectively. When we examine whether the level of stress exposure of nurses differs between the groups by high, medium, and low levels of workplace stress, the analysis of one factor variance confirms the statistical real difference (F = 3.071), (p = 0.028). The study results revealed that long lasted accumulated work stress trigger the hypertention. Conclusion The onset of stress in a nurse’s workplace depends on many different social factors, such as age, gender, organizational characteristics, organization, place of work, and years of experiences. In conclusion, we agreed with Spruil Tanya et al., that chroronic stress at work can be the reason for the high blood pressure.