Apocrine hidrocystoma is a benign tumor arising from apocrine sweat gland. It presents as a solitary translucent nodule, usually on the face, head, and neck. However it is extremely rare for the apocrine hidrocystoma to arise on the extremities, and no case of apocrine hidrocystoma on lower extremity has been reported in Korean dermatologic literature. Herein, we report a case of 63-year-old male apocrine hidrocystoma that developed in ankle area with a review of the literature.
Ankle* ; Extremities ; Head ; Hidrocystoma* ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Sweat Glands

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Meningitis, Cryptococcal*

BACKGROUND: Tinea capitis has been recognized as the most commonly misdiagnosed scalp disease. Inappropriate medication and delayed intervention leads to a broad array of complications from prolongation of treatment to scarring of the scalp. The financial deficits and problems imparted on patients continue to be a clinical and social burden. OBJECTIVE: The clinical and financial aspects between the initially misdiagnosed group and the properly diagnosed group were analyzed, to provide the epidemiologic basis and to address improvements for misdiagnoses of tinea capitis. METHODS: A retrospective review of electronic and written chart was performed on all patients diagnosed of tinea capitis at Daegu Catholic University Medical Center (DCUMC) from January 2006 to June 2016. A total of 100 patients were included in the study and an initially misdiagnosed group and initially diagnosed group were evaluated. RESULTS: Significant differences between the groups were not observed in variables including age, sex and occupation. The highest diagnostic precision was observed in dermatologists (78.4%) by using standard microscopic (31.0%) and culture studies (13.0%). Misdiagnosis rate was highest in pediatrics (34.9%) and erroneous examination such as laboratory test (48.4%) and Gram stain (19.4%) were countered in the misdiagnosed group. Additional clinic visits, prescriptions and extra trips to clinics resulted financial disadvantage in the misdiagnosed group. CONCLUSION: The misdiagnosed tinea capitis was found to arise from unawareness of the disease that leads to inappropriate approach and medication prescription. The duration, complications and financial loss were reported to be higher in misdiagnosed group based on the study.
Academic Medical Centers ; Ambulatory Care ; Cicatrix ; Daegu ; Diagnostic Errors ; Humans ; Occupations ; Pediatrics ; Prescriptions ; Retrospective Studies ; Scalp ; Tinea Capitis* ; Tinea*

Punctate leukoderma is characterized of the destruction of melanocytes after chemical of physical damage. In addition, the term is broadly used to describe hypopigmented lesions induced in vitiligo patients after psolaren administration with ultraviolet A and in psoriasis patients with repetitive ultraviolet B phototherapy. The Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser in treating melasma is frequently reported to be associated with the cause. A 44-year-old woman presented to the department with numerous confetti-like hypopigmented macules on both cheeks for over a year. Weekly treatment of 1,064 nm Qswitched Nd:YAG laser (2.0–3.4 J, 8 mm spot-size) therapy at a non-dermatologic clinic had induced both hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation lesions. Biopsy performed at both hyperpigmented and hypopigmented lesions revealed variable melanin pigmentation with segmental loss and infiltration of pigment incontinence. The patient was diagnosed with punctate leukoderma and was directed for narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy. Herein, we report a case of punctate leukoderma after inadvertent use of 1,064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser.
Adult ; Aluminum ; Biopsy ; Cheek ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Hypopigmentation ; Melanins ; Melanocytes ; Melanosis ; Phototherapy ; Pigmentation ; Psoriasis ; Vitiligo ; Yttrium

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor that is highly aggressive in nature and indolent in progression. The common risk factors for MCC are senility, prolonged exposure to sunlight, and immune deficient states. Moreover, Merkel cell polyomavirus has recently been characterized to be significantly associated with pathogenesis of MCC, including the expression of Cytokeratin 20 (CK20). Diagnosis is often difficult since histopathological results require a number of differential diagnoses through immunohistochemical (IHC) stains with other cutaneous malignancies. A 67-year-old man presented with a solitary domeshaped erythematous round mass on the left upper arm for 2 months. Biopsy and IHC studies revealed findings consistent with Merkel Cell Carcinoma of neuroendocrine origin. Common IHC stains usually confirm positive findings for CK20, which is also recognized as the key component in making the diagnosis. We present a CK20 negative MCC in light of expanding the knowledge of unusually stained IHC results in MCC.
Aged ; Arm ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Merkel Cell* ; Coloring Agents ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Keratin-20* ; Keratins* ; Merkel cell polyomavirus* ; Neuroendocrine Tumors ; Risk Factors ; Sunlight

No abstract available.
Arthrodermataceae ; Microsporum*

Halo nevus and vitiligo are known to be associated with immunologic defect that result in typical skin lesions. Random shapes and sizes of whitish patches, depending on the type, are featured in vitiligo. Halo, on the other hand, presents by surrounding the previous pigmented lesion leaving a whitish-halo-like appearance. The mechanisms underlying these entities remain to be elucidated. Various immunological responses along with biomechanical activities suggest causal relationship between the two diseases. A 6-year-old male patient was recently presented with multiple whitish patches on the various parts of the body in a Koebner phenomenon manner. A noticeable hairy congenital melanocytic nevus surrounded a well-demarcated halo of depigmentation was also observed. Clinical and pathological findings were conclusive of as halo nevus with multiple concurrent vitiligo. The pathogenic relationship between the two entities must be underlined since the nature of disease progression is associated and the respective management may also be altered accordingly.
Child ; Disease Progression ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Nevus, Halo* ; Nevus, Pigmented* ; Skin ; Vitiligo*

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Malassezia* ; Spores