Background: s/Aims: The benefits of nasogastric intubation after pancreaticoduodenectomy are not well understood, and it remains unclear which patients may need nasogastric intubation in the immediate postoperative period. This study evaluated the effectiveness of nasogastric intubation following pancreaticoduodenectomy and identified factors influencing the reintubation rate. Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control cohort study involving adult patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for either benign or malignant periampullary disease, with a 90-day follow-up. Patients were divided into two groups: the nasogastric tube (NGT) was removed at the end of the procedure (NGT-removed group, n = 110; case group) or retained during the postoperative recovery (NGT-retained group, n = 100; control group). Results: The overall postoperative complication rate (grades I–IVb) was 40.4%. The only significant difference between the groups was a higher incidence of nausea and vomiting in the NGT-removed group (p = 0.02). Additionally, 14.8% of patients required NGT reinsertion postoperatively. No preoperative or intraoperative factors were found to influence the NGT reinsertion rate. Although patients requiring reinsertion experienced a higher rate of postoperative complications, no factor remained significant in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions There were no significant differences in clinical outcomes, reinsertion rates, or postoperative complications between the two groups, indicating that the removal of the NGT after pancreaticoduodenectomy is safe. However, univariate analysis revealed that postoperative complications significantly affected the need for NGT reinsertion, suggesting that nasogastric decompression may be crucial for patients at high risk for complications.

AIMTo evaluate for the first time the frequency of Y chromosome microdeletions and the occurrence of the partial deletions of AZFc region in Moroccan men, and to discuss the clinical significance of AZF deletions.

METHODSWe screened Y chromosome microdeletions and partial deletions of the AZFc region of a consecutive group of infertile men (n = 149) and controls (100 fertile men, 76 normospermic men). AZFa, AZFb, AZFc and partial deletions of the AZFc region were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) according to established protocols.

RESULTSAmong the 127 infertile men screened for microdeletion, four subjects were found to have microdeletions: two AZFc deletions and two AZFb+AZFc deletions. All the deletions were found only in azoospermic subjects (4/48, 8.33%). The overall AZFc deletion frequency was low (4/127, 3.15%). AZF microdeletions were not observed in either oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OATS) or the control. Partial deletions of AZFc (gr/gr) were observed in a total of 7 of the 149 infertile men (4.70%) and 7 partial AZFc deletions (gr/gr) were found in the control group (7/176, 3.98%). In addition, two b2/b3 deletions were identified in two azoospermic subjects (2/149, 1.34%) but not in the control group.

CONCLUSIONOur results suggest that the frequency of Y chromosome AZF microdeletions is elevated in individuals with severe spermatogenic failure and that gr/gr deletions are not associated with spermatogenic failure.

Chromosomes, Human, Y ; diagnostic imaging ; genetics ; Fertility ; Genetic Loci ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Morocco ; Reference Values ; Seminal Plasma Proteins ; genetics ; Sequence Deletion ; Spermatogenesis ; genetics ; Ultrasonography