The Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Qinbaohong Zhike Oral Liquid in Treatment of Acute Bronchitis and Acute Attack of Chronic Bronchitis （GS/CACM 337-2023） was released by the China Association of Chinese Medicine on December 13^th， 2023. This expert consensus was developed by experts in methodology， pharmacy， and Chinese medicine in strict accordance with the development requirements of the China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） and based on the latest medical evidence and the clinical medication experience of well-known experts in the fields of respiratory medicine （pulmonary diseases） and pediatrics. This expert consensus defines the application of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid in the treatment of cough and excessive sputum caused by phlegm-heat obstructing lung， acute bronchitis， and acute attack of chronic bronchitis from the aspects of applicable populations， efficacy evaluation， usage， dosage， drug combination， and safety. It is expected to guide the rational drug use in medical and health institutions， give full play to the unique value of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid， and vigorously promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese patent medicines.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between relative grip strength and hyperuricemia (HUA) levels in university freshmen, and to explore the potential value of muscle function indicators in HUA prevention among young populations, so as to provide new scientific evidences for HUA control in the demographic. Methods: Utilizing health examination data from 1 744 freshmen enrolled in a Shaanxi Province university in September 2024, absolute grip strength was measured using CAMRY electronic dynamometers, with relative grip strength subsequently calculated. Spearman correlation analysis was employed to examine relationships between student characteristics and relative grip strength, and binary Logistic regression models assessed the association strength between relative grip strength and HUA. Results: The overall HUA detection rate among freshmen was 29.8%, with significant gender differences (male:43.1%; female:24.0%; χ 2=64.62, P <0.01). Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between relative grip strength, body weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and HUA in both genders (boys: r =-0.27, 0.54, 0.11 , 0.53; girls: r =-0.18, 0.33, 0.08, 0.33, all P <0.05). Binary Logistic regression demonstrated that each standard deviation increase in relative grip strength reduced HUA risk by 77% in males ( OR=0.23, 95%CI =0.14-0.37) and 80% in females ( OR=0.20, 95%CI =0.11-0.36) (both P <0.01). Conclusions Relative grip strength represents a significant factor associated with HUA in university students. Incorporating muscle strength training into HUA prevention programs and establishing muscle function based HUA risk warning systems should be considered.

The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, a high-molecular-weight protein complex in the cytoplasm, is composed of three core components: the sensor protein NLRP3, the adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC) and the effector protein caspase-1. It plays a critical role in regulating host immune and inflammatory responses. Studies have shown that the NLRP3 inflammasome has increasingly become a focal point in tumor molecular biology field. A growing body of evidence indicates that the increased expression and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is closely associated with the pathogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and the tumor microenvironment (TME). It may promote tumor proliferation, invasion, migration, and other biological behaviors through various regulatory mechanisms while influencing tumor immune evasion and therapy resistance, which holds promise as a prognostic biomarker for patients. This review explores the current effect and mechanism of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its signaling pathways in head and neck cancer, providing insights into clinical targeted drug development and molecular immunotherapy.
Humans ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/genetics* ; Inflammasomes/metabolism* ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology* ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/metabolism* ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Signal Transduction ; Animals

OBJECTIVES: The risk factors and role of mother‒child gut microbiota in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) remain unclear. We aimed to explore the clinical risk factors associated with PIBD, analyze the characteristics of gut microbiota of children and their mothers, and examine the correlation of the microbial composition in mother‒child pairs. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study including children with PIBD and their mothers as the case group, as well as healthy children and their mothers as the control group. Questionnaires were used to collect information such as family illness history and maternal and early-life events. Fecal samples were collected from the children and mothers for microbiota 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing to analyze the composition and its potential association with PIBD. RESULTS: A total of 54 pairs of cases and 122 pairs of controls were recruited. A family history of autoimmune disease and antibiotic use during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of PIBD, and a higher education level of the father was associated with a decreased risk of PIBD. Children with PIBD and mothers exhibited different gut microbiota compared to healthy children and mothers. Similarities were observed in the gut microbiota of mothers and children in the same groups. Some bacterial biomarkers of mothers discovered in this study had the power to predict PIBD in their offspring. CONCLUSIONS PIBD is influenced by maternal risk factors and has unique gut microbiota characteristics. The mother‒child gut microbiota is closely related, suggesting the transmission and influence of the gut microbiota between mothers and children. This study highlights the potential pathogenesis of PIBD and provides a basis for developing targeted interventions.
Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Female ; Risk Factors ; Case-Control Studies ; Male ; Child ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/etiology* ; Adult ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics* ; Feces/microbiology* ; Mothers ; Pregnancy ; Child, Preschool

Objective To compare H_p(3) calibration with a homemade (A) thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) and an imported (B) TLD in a standard X-ray RQR radiation field, to explore the different responses of A and B, and to provide foundation for the calibration of H_p(3). Methods A column mode was selected. H_p(3) calibration was performed using A and B in a standard X-ray RQR radiation field in the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory, National Institute for Radiological Protection, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Angle response, energy response, and linear response were calibrated with RQR4 (60 kV), RQR7 (90 kV), and RQR9 (120 kV), respectively. Results In terms of angle response, the calibration results of A were relatively high, while the calibration results of B were relatively low. In terms of energy response, the calibration results showed a similar pattern to angle response. In terms of linear response, the calibration results of both A and B were satisfactory. Conclusion Both A and B can be used for normal calibration of H_p(3) in a standard X-ray RQR radiation field. However, in actual monitoring, attention should be paid to the energy and angle response values of TLDs.

Objective:To explore the efficiency of a modified caries risk assessment tool(MCAT)on caries-risk prediction of children in Nanning.Methods:MCAT was designed based on caries-risk assessment tool(CAT)of American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry(AAPD)and the caries related factors of the primary school children in Guangxi,China.A cohort study was conducted in 332 children aged 3-year-old in kindergarten of Jiangnan District,Nanning,Guangxi.The data were integrated through questionnaires and oral exam-ination.The MCAT data were respectively scored by CAT and Cariogram and the caries-risk of the children was evaluated.The develop-ment of increased average caires incidece over a period of 1.5 years was compared,the predictive capacity of the methods was com-pared.Results:The ranks of caires risk assessed by CAT and Cariogram were significant different(Z=-10.34,P＜0.001),and the consistency of the 2 methods was poor(Kappa=0.234,P＜0.001).After 1.5 years,there was significant statistical difference of the caries prevalence rate between the low-high and moderate-high risk groups,and dmft increments between the moderate-high risk groups e-valuated by CAT(P＜0.05).There was significant difference of the caries prevalence rate between each risk groups and dmft increments between the low-high and moderate-high risk groups evaluated by Cariogram(P＜0.05).The AUC of CAT and Cariogram was 0.571 and 0.722 respectively(P＜0.001).In the prediction models of caries risk,the fitting of CAT was poor(P＜0.001),while that of Cariogram was better(P=1.00).Cariogram analysis showed that the chance of developing new caries lesions of the subjects with moderate and high caries risk was 2.86 and 11.65 times more than those with low caries risk.Conclusion:MCAT com-bined with Cariogram can more efficiently predict new caries de-velopment in 3-year-old children.

The maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is a complex process involving numerous cell-extrinsic and -intrinsic regulators. The first member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family of inhibitors to be identified, p21, has been reported to perform a wide range of critical biological functions, including cell cycle regulation, transcription, differentiation, and so on. Given the previous inconsistent results regarding the functions of p21 in HSCs in a p21-knockout mouse model, we employed p21-tdTomato (tdT) mice to further elucidate its role in HSCs during homeostasis. The results showed that p21-tdT+ HSCs exhibited increased self-renewal capacity compared to p21-tdT- HSCs. Zbtb18, a transcriptional repressor, was upregulated in p21-tdT+ HSCs, and its knockdown significantly impaired the reconstitution capability of HSCs. Furthermore, p21 interacted with ZBTB18 to co-repress the expression of cKit in HSCs and thus regulated the self-renewal of HSCs. Our data provide novel insights into the physiological role and mechanisms of p21 in HSCs during homeostasis independent of its conventional role as a cell cycle inhibitor.
Animals ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology* ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/genetics* ; Mice ; Cell Self Renewal ; Repressor Proteins/genetics* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Humans ; Gene Expression Regulation

Objective:To explore the effect of educational intervention based on timing theory on mothers of premature infants.Methods:Using the convenience sampling method, 80 mothers of premature infants hospitalized in the Neonatology Department of Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities from May 2019 to October 2020 were included in this study. According to the time of admission, they were divided into the control group (42 cases) and the observation group (38 cases). The mothers in the control group were given routine educational guidance during the hospitalization of premature infants, while the mothers in the observation group were given comprehensive educational intervention based on timing theory on the basis of the control group. The mothers′ caring ability during the transition period, breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding rate at a month after discharge, and mother′s coping ability at 3 months after discharge were compared between the two groups.Results:There were 35 cases in each group completed the study. The observation group scored (100.86 ± 6.22) on the maternal care ability of premature infants in transition period, and the control group scored (89.51 ± 4.17), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t=-8.97, P<0.05). The breastfeeding self-efficacy score of the observation group a month after discharge from hospital was (47.83 ± 2.54) points, which was higher than (41.20 ± 1.97) points of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-12.21, P<0.05). The breastfeeding rate a month after discharge in the observation group was 62.9% (22/35), which was higher than 37.1% (13/35) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.63, P<0.05). The maternal coping ability scores of the premature infants in the observation group and control group 3 months after discharge were (119.29 ± 6.03) and (113.66 ± 6.59) points respectively, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t=-3.73, P<0.05). Conclusions:The educational intervention based on timing theory can help mothers of premature infants master the nursing knowledge and skills, strengthen the mother′s transitional care ability and post-discharge coping ability, improve the breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding rate of premature infants, promote and development the growth of premature infants, worthy of clinical application.

Objective:To explore the correlation analysis between psychological status and blood pressure of residents in medium-risk areas during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, and provide references for early psychological intervention and hypertension management during the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods:From January 4 to 8, 2021, the convenience sampling method was used to conduct psychological questionnaire surveys on residents and employees of enterprises in the medium-risk area and surrounding areas of Jiuxianqiao, Chaoyang District, Beijing. General data (gender, age, height, weight, history of smoking and drinking, previous medical history), and home blood pressure monitoring were collected. Pearson′s χ 2 test was used to compare different factors (anxiety, depression, age, gender, body mass index, smoking, drinking, and history of chronic diseases) in normal blood pressure or not. A multivariate logistic regression analysis model was established to explore independent risk factors of abnormal blood pressure. Results:No anxiety accounted for 75% (684/912), and anxiety accounted for 25% (228/912). No depression accounted for 67% (611/912), depression accounted for 33% (301/912). Both anxiety and depression accounted for 23% (210/912). The substandard blood pressure accounted for 10.3% (94/912). The incidence of poor blood pressure control in participants with anxiety was 30.7% (70/228), which was significantly higher than that of participants without anxiety 3.5% (24/684) (χ 2=136.779, P<0.001). The incidence of poor blood pressure control in participants with depression 27.2% (82/301) was significantly higher than that of participants without depression 2.0% (12/611) (χ 2=139.388, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed anxiety ( OR=3.261, P<0.001), depression ( OR=7.928, P<0.001), and complications of chronic diseases ( OR=3.207, P<0.001) were closely related to whether blood pressure was under control. Conclusions:During the COVID-19 epidemic, the psychological status of residents and employees in medium-risk areas should be screened and interventions implemented accordingly to prevent unstable blood pressure caused by anxiety or depression.

In view of the lack of teaching methods in the cultivation of medical professionalism, this paper puts forward some important strategies for improving medical students' professionalism through discussion-based film and television appreciation. High-quality discussion-based film and television appreciation can be designed according to the four links of film selection, concentrated viewing, independent discussion and summary feedback. At the same time, in practice, attention should be paid to three key issues: selecting appropriate films, ensuring the quality and depth of discussion, and paying attention to feedback and evaluation. Practice has proved that discussion-based film and television appreciation makes the cultivation of professionalism more attractive, and can promote the professional knowledge and professional spirit, enhance students' professional enthusiasm, promote the understanding of the connotation of professionalism and reflection on related issues. Medical colleges should continue to improve the design of film viewing in practice, so as to help students better absorb humanistic nutrients from the discussion and enhance the teaching effect of professionalism.