A comparative analysis of TCM pulse diagnosis and Myanmar medicine pulse diagnosis. In the principle of pulse diagnosis, both of them recognize the heart as the power source of pulse, and attach importance to the running state of qi and blood/elements, but Myanmar medicine pays more attention to the dynamic balance of elements, and TCM focuses on the dialectical relationship between qi and blood. In terms of the diagnosis site, the diagnosis method of the lower limbs of Myanmar medicine, the diagnosis method of the pulsation of the medial foot and the lower ankle of the foot, respectively, is similar to the diagnosis method of the lower limbs of TCM, and the diagnosis method of the Taixi pulse in the diagnosis site and significance. It can evaluate the digestive ability of patients and judge whether the stomach is full or not. The blood test method of Myanmar medicine wrist is similar to the Cunkou diagnosis method of TCM in terms of location and method, but the significance is different. In the understanding of normal pulses, there are some similarities in the description of pulse position and pulse force of normal pulse, and both emphasize the change of pulse with season. In terms of disease pulse identification, 11 of the 20 common pathological blood (pulse condition) of Myanmar medicine are similar to the disease pulse of TCM in terms of morphology and main disease, but there are also obvious differences. In general, there is convergence in the theoretical basis of pulse diagnosis between China and Myanmar, and the pulse diagnosis system of Myanmar medicine can provide new ideas for TCM. It is suggested that the two countries should strengthen mutual learning, carry out cross-cultural objective joint research on pulse diagnosis, and promote the construction of relevant databases.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors in the digestive system globally,with both its incidence and mortality showing an upward trend.In recent years,immunother-apy has become a research focus in the prognosis of CRC.Different states of tumor-infiltrating lym-phocytes(TILs)in patients have distinct impacts on tumor progression.The diversity of TILs and their interactions among cells reflect the complex relationship between tumors and the immune system.Patients with mismatch repair-deficient and microsatellite instability-high(dMMR/MSI-H)molecular phenotypes exhibit higher levels of TILs.Moreover,immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),which are relevant targeted drugs for immune checkpoint blockade,also demonstrate a higher response rate in colorectal cancer patients with dMMR/MSI-H molecular phenotypes.This article reviewed the basic characteristics and prognostic value of TILs,as well as the relationship between dMMR/MSI-H and the immunological characteristics of colorectal cancer patients.

As a potential vectored vaccine,Newcastle disease virus(NDV)has been subject to various studies for vaccine development,while relatively little research has outlined the immunomodulatory effect of the virus in antigen presentation.To elucidate the key inhibitory factor in regulating the interaction of infected dendritic cells(DCs)and T cells,DCs were pretreated with the NDV vaccine strain LaSota as an inhibitor and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)for further detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),flow cytometry,immunoblotting,and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).The results revealed that NDV infection resulted in the inhibition of interleukin(IL)-12p40 in DCs through a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)-dependent manner,thus inhibiting the synthesis of IL-12p70,leading to the reduction in T cell proliferation and the secretion of interferon-γ(IFN-γ),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and IL-6 induced by DCs.Consequently,downregulated cytokines accelerated the infection and viral transmission from DCs to T cells.Furthermore,several other strains of NDV also exhibited inhibitory activity.The current study reveals that NDV can modulate the intensity of the innate?adaptive immune cell crosstalk critically toward viral invasion improvement,highlighting a novel mechanism of virus-induced immunosuppression and providing new perspectives on the improvement of NDV-vectored vaccine.

177Lu-prostate specific membrane antigen(PSMA)radio-ligand therapy has been approved abroad for advanced prostate cancer and has been in several clinical trials in China.Based on domestic clinical practice and experimental data and referred to international experience and viewpoints,the expert group forms a consensus on the clinical application of 177Lu-PSMA radio-ligand therapy in prostate cancer to guide clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE To systematically review the background of bioequivalence assessment of nasal sprays and nasal aerosols and the guiding considerations for the bioequivalence assessment of these complex drug-device combination products by regulatory authorities in the United States, the European Union(EU) and China. METHODS This article provided detailed explanations on the innovative weight of evidence assessment approach adopted by the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA), and the statistical rationale, methods and considerations for the bioequivalence assessment of nasal sprays and nasal aerosols. Using the calculation methods described in the draft guidance for budesonide inhalation suspension and the draft guidance for fluticasone nasal spray propionate issued by FDA, the statistical parameters of two-sided and one-sided population bioequivalence calculation were realized through R language programming, and pseudo-code for the population bioequivalence (PBE) calculation programs was provided. This article also presented a comprehensive review of published guidelines and summaries review principles of the EU and China for nasal sprays and nasal aerosols equivalence assessment. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Nasal sprays/nasal aerosols is the focus of innovative and generic drug development in recent years. This paper provided valuable considerations references for the research and development, quality control and bioequivalence evaluation of generic preparations of nasal sprays/nasal aerosols.

Objective: To verify the safety and efficacy of IONTRIS particle therapy system (IONTRIS) in clinical implementation. Methods: Between 6.2014 and 8.2014, a total of 35 patients were enrolled into this trial: 31 males and 4 females with a median age of 69 yrs (range 39-80). Ten patients had locally recurrent head and neck tumors after surgery, 4 cases with thoracic malignancies, 1 case with hepatocellular carcinoma, 1 case with retroperitoneal sarcoma, and 19 cases with non-metastatic prostate carcinomas. Phantom dose verification was mandatory for each field before the start of radiation. Results: Twenty-two patients received carbon ion and 13 had proton irradiation. With a median follow-up time of 1 year, all patients were alive. Among the 16 patients with head and neck, thoracic, and abdominal/pelvic tumors, 2, 1, 12, and 1 cases developed complete response, partial response, stable disease, or disease progression, respectively. Progression-free survival rate was 93.8% (15/16). Among the 19 patients with prostate cancer, biological-recurrence free survival was 100%. Particle therapy was well tolerated in all 35 patients. Twenty-five patients (71.4%) experienced 33 grade 1 acute adverse effects, which subsided at 1 year follow-up. Six (17.1%) patients developed grade 1 late adverse effects. No significant change in ECOG or body weight was observed. Conclusions IONTRIS is safe and effective for clinical use. However, long term follow-up is needed to observe the late toxicity and long term result.

Objective To verify the safety and efficacy of IONTRIS particle therapy system ( IONTRIS) in clinical implementation. Methods Between 6.2014 and 8.2014, a total of 35 patients were enrolled into this trial:31 males and 4 females with a median age of 69 yrs ( range 39?80) . Ten patients had locally recurrent head and neck tumors after surgery, 4 cases with thoracic malignancies, 1 case with hepatocellular carcinoma, 1 case with retroperitoneal sarcoma, and 19 cases with non?metastatic prostate carcinomas. Phantom dose verification was mandatory for each field before the start of radiation. Results Twenty?two patients received carbon ion and 13 had proton irradiation. With a median follow?up time of 1 year, all patients were alive. Among the 16 patients with head and neck, thoracic, and abdominal/pelvic tumors, 2, 1, 12, and 1 cases developed complete response, partial response, stable disease, or disease progression, respectively. Progression?free survival rate was 93.8％ (15/16). Among the 19 patients with prostate cancer, biological?recurrence free survival was 100％. Particle therapy was well tolerated in all 35 patients. Twenty?five patients (71.4％) experienced 33 grade 1 acute adverse effects, which subsided at 1 year follow?up. Six ( 17.1％) patients developed grade 1 late adverse effects. No significant change in ECOG or body weight was observed. Conclusions IONTRIS is safe and effective for clinical use. However, long term follow?up is needed to observe the late toxicity and long term result.

Objective To verify the safety and efficacy of IONTRIS particle therapy system ( IONTRIS) in clinical implementation. Methods Between 6.2014 and 8.2014, a total of 35 patients were enrolled into this trial:31 males and 4 females with a median age of 69 yrs ( range 39?80) . Ten patients had locally recurrent head and neck tumors after surgery, 4 cases with thoracic malignancies, 1 case with hepatocellular carcinoma, 1 case with retroperitoneal sarcoma, and 19 cases with non?metastatic prostate carcinomas. Phantom dose verification was mandatory for each field before the start of radiation. Results Twenty?two patients received carbon ion and 13 had proton irradiation. With a median follow?up time of 1 year, all patients were alive. Among the 16 patients with head and neck, thoracic, and abdominal/pelvic tumors, 2, 1, 12, and 1 cases developed complete response, partial response, stable disease, or disease progression, respectively. Progression?free survival rate was 93.8％ (15/16). Among the 19 patients with prostate cancer, biological?recurrence free survival was 100％. Particle therapy was well tolerated in all 35 patients. Twenty?five patients (71.4％) experienced 33 grade 1 acute adverse effects, which subsided at 1 year follow?up. Six ( 17.1％) patients developed grade 1 late adverse effects. No significant change in ECOG or body weight was observed. Conclusions IONTRIS is safe and effective for clinical use. However, long term follow?up is needed to observe the late toxicity and long term result.

OBJECTIVETo develop a new method for predicting adult height (PAH) based on the theory of Bayley-Pinneau and to evaluate the feasibility of this method in predicting adult height of girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) who were treated with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa).

METHOD(1) The new method for PAH, i.e. PAH = Height/percentage of adult height for bone age, was established according to the theory of Bayley-Pinneau and the data from the national growth survey of children in the nine cities of China in the year 2005. (2) Data from seventeen female patients with ICPP received GnRHa treatment and achieved final adult height (FAH) were collected. Before and during the treatment, PAH was calculated by the method of Bayley-Pinneau and the new method.

RESULTThe mean FAH(cm) of the 17 patients with ICPP was 159.81 ± 4.95. The PAH (cm), before and after treatment for 1, 2 and 3 years, were 156.53 ± 3.63, 157.71 ± 3.62, 158.60 ± 3.50, 161.46 ± 4.50 and 161.56 ± 3.77, 161.68 ± 3.44, 162.04 ± 4.42, 163.13 ± 2.36 respectively by using the new method (PAH-D) and Bayley-Pinneau method(PAH-BP). The mean value of (PAH-D-FAH) and (PAH-BP-FAH) were -1.96 cm and 1.48 cm. However, the 95% confidence interval was (-3.82 cm to -0.11 cm), (-1.60 cm to 4.55 cm) for (PAH-D-FAH) and (PAH-BP -FAH). There was no significant difference between the values obtained before and after treatment in terms of PAH by use of Bayley-Pinneau method. By the new method, however, the results showed that the PAH increased and improved further with prolonged treatment periods. And at the end of treatment, there was no significant difference between PAH and FAH. The correlation coefficient was 0.93. Regression analysis showed that the trend line was in parallel with baseline data.

CONCLUSIONThe new method we established could predict better the final heights of girls with CPP who were treated with GnRHa.

Adult ; Body Height ; Child ; China ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; agonists ; Human Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Puberty, Precocious ; drug therapy ; Reference Values

Objective To determine association between tongue carcinoma and polymorphism of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU) gene.Methods PLAU genotypes of 97 patients with tongue carcinoma and 91 health controls were examined by the PCR-RFLP method.Statistical analyses included a chi-square test for homogeneity and logistic regression analysis.Results The polymorphism in PLAU gene was rs2227564 C/T.Logistic analyses indicated that compared with CT and TT genotypes,CC genotype was risk factor for development of tongue carcinoma (adjusted OR =1.281,95 ％ CI 1.098-2.577,P =0.037).Conclusion PLAU polymorphism may be associated with development of tongue carcinoma.