Background: Lead poisoning is a serious public health issue that can arise from various sources, including nonoccupational exposure. This can make it challenging to manage, as lead poisoning can arise from unexpected sources. This case study examined lead poisoning in a 52-year-old man linked to hobbyist activities involving lead pellets, highlighting the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with this uncommon source of exposure.Case presentation: A 52-year-old man with a history of sports fishing presented with confusion, balance disorders, and memory loss. The initial medical evaluation revealed anemia and elevated lead levels. Further investigations, including imaging and blood tests, confirmed the presence of ingested lead pellets. The patient underwent chelation therapy, which led to a reduction in blood lead levels and improvement in symptoms. Follow-up over 46 months showed a gradual decrease in lead levels and partial recovery of cognitive function, although a few lead-related effects persisted. Conclusions This case underscores the need for awareness of non-traditional sources of lead exposure, such as hobbyist activities. Effective diagnosis and treatment, including chelation therapy, can significantly alleviate the effects of lead poisoning. Ongoing monitoring is essential to manage long-term health outcomes related to chronic lead exposure.