AIM: To compare the control effect of spherical and toric orthokeratology on low-to-moderate myopia with astigmatism(-1.00--1.50 DC)in adolescents.METHODS: The clinical data of 119 cases(119 eyes)of low-to-moderate myopia with astigmatism(-1.00--1.50 DC)adolescents who were treated and fitted with orthokeratology in the ophthalmology department of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from June 2021 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into spherical group, with 65 cases(65 eyes), and toric group, with 54 cases(54 eyes)according to the type of orthokeratology. The changes of uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), axial length and corneal astigmatism before and after wearing lenses were recorded to evaluate the therapeutic effect.RESULTS: The UCVA of both the groups significantly improved at 1 and 2 a after wearing lenses(all P<0.01); corneal astigmatism decreased, but there was no significant difference(all P>0.05); the axial length was longer than that before wearing lenses(P<0.01). There were no statistical significant differences in the UCVA and corneal astigmatism between the spherical group and the toric group(Fintergroup=0.829,Pintergroup=0.364; Fintergroup=0.997,Pintergroup=0.320); and there were no statistical significant differences in the axial length growth between the spherical group and the toric group after wearing lenses for 1 a(0.18±0.11 mm vs 0.17±0.14 mm), and 2 a(0.17±0.10 mm vs 0.16±0.10 mm; all P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Both orthokeratology lenses can improve the UCVA, reduce corneal astigmatism, and delay axial length growth of adolescents with low-to-moderate myopia with astigmatism(-1.00--1.50 DC), and there are no significant differences in the control effect of spherical design orthokeratology and the toric design orthokeratology on myopia.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of autologous osteochondral tissue and periosteum transplantation on tendon-bone healing of rotator cuff in rabbits. METHODS: Twenty-four male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into autologous osteochondral tissue and periosteum transplantation group (experimental group, n=12) and simple suture group (control group, n=12). Both groups were subjected to acute supraspinatus tendon injury and repaired with corresponding techniques. At 4, 8, and 12 weeks after operation, 4 specimens from each group were taken from the right shoulder joint for histological examination (HE staining, Masson staining, and Safranin O-fast green staining), and the left shoulder was subjected to biomechanical tests (maximum tensile load and stiffness). RESULTS: Both groups of animals survived until the completion of the experiment after operation. At 4 weeks after operation, both groups showed less collagen fibers and disorder at the tendon-bone junction. At 8 weeks, both groups showed reduced inflammation at the tendon-bone junction, with more organized and denser collagen fibers and chondrocytes. The experimental group showed better results than the control group. At 12 weeks, the experimental group showed typical tendon-bone transition structure, with increased generation of collagen fibers and chondrocytes, and the larger cartilage staining area. Both groups showed an increase in maximum tensile load and stiffness over time ( P<0.05). The stiffness at 4 weeks and the maximum tensile load at 4, 8, and 12 weeks in the experimental group were superior to control group, and the differences were significant ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in stiffness at 8, 12 weeks between the two groups ( P>0.05). CONCLUSION Autologous osteochondral tissue and periosteum transplantation can effectively promote the fiber and cartilage regeneration at the tendon-bone junction of rotator cuff and improve the biomechanical effect of shoulder joint in rabbits.
Animals ; Rabbits ; Male ; Wound Healing ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Periosteum/transplantation* ; Rotator Cuff Injuries ; Rotator Cuff/surgery* ; Tendons/surgery* ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Chondrocytes/transplantation* ; Tendon Injuries/surgery* ; Tensile Strength

A previous study showed that the length of the foreskin plays a role in the risk of sexually transmitted infections and chronic prostatitis, which can lead to poor quality of sexual life. Here, the association between foreskin length and sexual dysfunction was evaluated. A total of 5700 participants were recruited from the andrology clinic at The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Hefei, China). Clinical characteristics, including foreskin length, were collected, and sexual function was assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) and Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) questionnaires. Men with sexual dysfunction were more likely to have redundant foreskin than men without sexual dysfunction. Among the 2721 erectile dysfunction (ED) patients and 1064 premature ejaculation (PE) patients, 301 (11.1%) ED patients and 135 (12.7%) PE patients had redundant foreskin, respectively. Men in the PE group were more likely to have redundant foreskin than men in the non-PE group ( P = 0.004). Logistic regression analyses revealed that the presence of redundant foreskin was associated with increased odds of moderate/severe ED (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.31, adjusted P = 0.04), moderate PE (aOR = 1.38, adjusted P = 0.02), and probable PE (aOR = 1.37, adjusted P = 0.03) after adjusting for confounding variables. Our study revealed a positive correlation between the presence of redundant foreskin and the risk of sexual dysfunction, especially in PE patients. Assessment of the length of the foreskin during routine clinical diagnosis may provide information for patients with sexual dysfunction.
Humans ; Male ; Foreskin ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Adult ; Erectile Dysfunction/epidemiology* ; Premature Ejaculation/epidemiology* ; Middle Aged ; China/epidemiology* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/epidemiology* ; Young Adult

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has recently been proposed as a key player in the representation of itch stimuli. However, to date, little is known about the contribution of specific ACC interneuron populations to itch processing. Using c-Fos immunolabeling and in vivo Ca²⁺ imaging, we reported that both histamine and chloroquine stimuli-induced acute itch caused a marked enhancement of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing interneuron activity in the ACC. Behavioral data indicated that optogenetic and chemogenetic activation of these neurons reduced scratching responses related to histaminergic and non-histaminergic acute itch. Similar neural activity and modulatory role of these neurons were seen in mice with chronic itch induced by contact dermatitis. Together, this study highlights the importance of ACC VIP⁺ neurons in modulating itch-related affect and behavior, which may help us to develop novel mechanism-based strategies to treat refractory chronic itch in the clinic.
Animals ; Pruritus/physiopathology* ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide/metabolism* ; Interneurons/metabolism* ; Gyrus Cinguli/metabolism* ; Mice ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Histamine ; Chloroquine ; Optogenetics ; Mice, Transgenic

Objective:To establish a digital quality evaluation system for Salvia miltiorrhiza-Monascus fermentation products,screen critical quality markers,and provide methodological support for their intelligent quality control.Methods:Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS)was employed to quantitatively analyze 34 bioactive components(e.g.,tanshinone Ⅱ A and alvianol-ic acid B)in 20 batches of fermentation products.The key markers were screened through hierarchical cluster anal-ysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis,and an intelligent discriminant model was constructed with sup-port vector machine machine learning algorithm to digitally analyze the characteristics of quality differences between batches.Results:Thirty-four common peaks were calibrated across all batches.Combined with partial least squares analysis,six key difference markers were further screened,including terpenoids such as isotanshinone Ⅱ A and tan-shinone Ⅱ A and phenolic acids such as salvianolic acid G.The support vector machine model can achieve 100％accuracy of origin discrimination by optimizing parameters jointly with genetic algorithm and grid search.Conclusion:This study developed a digital quality evaluation system for Salvia miltiorrhiza-Monascus fermentation products through a three-step analytical strategy("chemical feature exploration-marker screening-model valida-tion"),providing a transferable technical pathway for the intelligent transformation of traditional Chinese medicine quality control.

Objective:To explore the risk factors for postoperative lower extremity lymphedema in patients with cervical cancer and construct a nomogram prediction model.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted. Using convenience sampling method, 750 cervical cancer patients in Ziyang People's Hospital from May 2014 to May 2022 were selected. The included patients were divided into a modeling group (525 cases) and a validation group (225 cases) according to a ratio of 7∶3. In the modeling group, patients were divided into a developing group and a non-developing group according to the incidence of postoperative lower extremity lymphedema. Self-designed baseline data questionnaire was used to collect clinical data of patients. Logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factor for the incidence of postoperative lower extremity lymphedema in cervical cancer patients. R 4.0.2 software was used to construct a nomogram model for predicting the incidence risk of postoperative lower extremity lymphedema in cervical cancer patients based on the independent risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the differentiation of the nomogram prediction model. Calibration curves were drawn to evaluate the consistency of the nomogram prediction model.Results:Among 525 cervical cancer patients in the modeling group, 109 (20.76%) had postoperative lower extremity lymphedema. There were statistically significant differences in the proportions of patients with different ages, tumor stages, surgical methods, postoperative drainage time, continuous standing time, number of lymph node dissection, and with or without diabetes mellitus, postoperative chemotherapy, postoperative radiotherapy, strenuous exercise or physical labor between the developing group and the non-developing group (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 60 years old( OR = 2.548, 95% CI: 1.253-5.181), postoperative radiotherapy ( OR = 8.048, 95% CI: 3.867-16.749), postoperative drainage time ≥5 d ( OR = 2.664, 95% CI: 1.043-6.803), continuous standing time ≥ 1 h ( OR = 3.024, 95% CI: 1.252-7.305), number of lymph node dissection > 20 ( OR = 7.063, 95% CI: 1.595-31.281), comorbid diabetes mellitus ( OR = 2.617, 95% CI: 1.200-5.711), and strenuous exercise or physical labor ( OR = 3.518, 95% CI: 1.841-6.721) were all independent risk factors affecting the incidence of postoperative lower extremity lymphedema in cervical cancer patients (all P < 0.05). Based on the above risk factors, a nomogram model was established to predict the incidence risk of postoperative lower extremity lymphedema in cervical cancer patients, and internal and external validation was performed. The results showed that the calibration curves of the modeling group and the validation group showed a good fit to the ideal curves (modeling group: χ2 = 7.87, P = 0.446; validation group: χ2 = 7.92, P = 0.441); the area under the ROC curve was 0.839 (95% CI: 0.795-0.883) and 0.834 (95% CI: 0.783-0.885), respectively, indicating that the prediction model had good predictive efficacy. Conclusions:Age, postoperative radiotherapy, postoperative drainage time, continuous standing time, number of lymph node dissection, whether combined with diabetes mellitus and strenuous exercise or physical labor may be the influencing factors for the incidence of postoperative lower extremity lymphedema in cervical cancer patients. The constructed nomogram model has high clinical value in evaluating the incidence risk of postoperative lower extremity lymphedema in cervical cancer patients.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of regional citrate anticoagulation(RCA)in continuous blood purification(CBP)treatment during the shock and infection phases of severe burns.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 64 patients who received RCA-CBP treatment at the Burns Reseaich Institute,the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from Jan-uary 2015 to January 2024.The patients were divided into the burn shock phase(burn duration<2 days,n=18)and the burn infection phase(burn duration≥2 days,n=46)according to the start time of CBP treat-ment.General datas,total body surface area burned(TBSA),abbreviated burn severity index(ABSI),hemato-crit(HCT)at the start of CBP treatment,platelet count(PLT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,total bilirubin,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)score,sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score,Child-Pugh score,filter usage time for each CBP treatment,the incidence of unplanned treatment termination,blood gas analysis,and adverse e-vents were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the burn shock phase,the levels of HCT and PLT in the burn infection phase were lower,the levels of urea nitrogen and the incidences of shock,hyperlactatemia and hypoxemia were higher,the filter usage time was longer,and the incidence of unplanned treatment termination was lower,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of mult-ivariate COX regression analysis showed that the burn shock phase was a protective factor for the filter usage time(P<0.05).Among the 64 patients,citrate accumulation occurred in 2 patients(3.1%),both of which were septic shock combined with hyperlactatemia during the burn infection stage.Patients with acid-base im-balance and electrolyte disorder were corrected after adjusting the treatment.There were 5 new bleeding e-vents,all of which were caused by the primary diseases.Conclusion RCA is safe and effective for CBP treat-ment in severe burned patients and can be used as a routine anticoagulant method.

Objective To investigate the influence of preoperative blood lipid levels on postoperative recovery in patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture(AATR).Methods The clinical data of 353 AATR patients treated in Department of Orthopaedics Trauma of our hospital from Jan.2021 to Jan.2024 were retrospectively analyzed,including general clinical information and preoperative fasting blood biochemistry indices.Patients'Achilles tendon total rupture score(ATRS)and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)ankle-hindfoot score were recorded 6 months postoperatively.Postoperative recovery was categorized as favorable if ATRS≥80 and poor if ATRS＜80;similarly,recovery was considered favorable if AOFAS score≥90 and poor if AOFAS score＜90.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done to investigate the influencing factors of patients'postoperative recovery.Results When categorized by ATRS,patients in the favorable postoperative recovery group exhibited significantly lower serum levels of triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),and low-density lipoprotein(LDL)compared to the poor postoperative recovery group(all P＜0.05).Similarly,when categorized by AOFAS score,the favorable postoperative recovery group had lower serum TG and TC levels than the poor postoperative recovery group(both P＜0.05).Univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that in the ATRS grouping,elevated serum levels of TG,TC and LDL were significantly associated with an increased risk of poor postoperative recovery in AATR patients(all P＜0.05).Similarly,in the AOFAS score grouping,elevated serum levels of TG and TC were significantly correlated with an increased risk of poor postoperative recovery in AATR patients(both P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis further identified that high serum LDL level was an independent predictor of poor postoperative recovery in AATR patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion High preoperative serum LDL level is associated with an increased risk of poor postoperative recovery in AATR patients.Therefore,preoperative blood lipid management in AATR patients may have positive effects on postoperative functional recovery.

Objective:To compare the arthroscopic autologous osteochondral transfer (AOT) and arthroscopic subscapularis augmentation (ASA) in the treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation complicated with scapular glenoid bone injury less than 20%.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted of the clinical data of 42 patients who had been treated at Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University for recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation complicated with scapular glenoid bone injury less than 20% from January 2022 to January 2023. There were 30 males and 12 females, with an age of (32.2±15.2) years. Altogether 12 left shoulders and 30 right shoulders were affected. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to their surgical methods: an AOT group in which 15 cases were treated with AOT and an ASA group in which 27 cases treated with ASA. The Rowe score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, visual analogue scale (VAS), and shoulder range of motion were compared between groups at the last follow-up. All the above indexes were compared between pre-surgery and post-surgery in each group. The incidence of complications in the 2 groups was recorded.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups, indicating comparability ( P > 0.05). A total of 42 patients were followed up for (17.2±5.9) months after surgery. At the last follow-up, in the ASA group and the AOT group respectively, the Rowe score was (97.0±4.4) points and (98.3±2.4) points, the ASES score (97.9±5.2) points and (99.1±3.7) points, and the VAS score 0 (0, 0) point and 0 (0, 1) point, showing no significant difference between the 2 groups ( P > 0.05). The above items in the 2 groups were significantly improved compared with those before surgery ( P < 0.05). At the last follow-up, in ASA group and AOT group respectively, shoulder abduction was 169.2°±3.0° and 168.3°±3.1°, and flexion 171.9°±4.0° and 173.3°±4.1°, showing no significant difference between the 2 groups ( P > 0.05); the abduction 90° external rotation was 67.3°±3.2° in the AOT group, significantly better than that in the ASA group (64.4°±3.5°) ( P < 0.05). The above items in the 2 groups were significantly improved compared with those before operation ( P < 0.05). Follow-ups revealed no infection or osteoarthritis. After surgery, 1 case of shoulder re-dislocation and 6 cases of shoulder pain occurred in the ASA group, while no cases of shoulder re-dislocation or shoulder pain occurred in the AOT group. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the incidence of complications ( P > 0.05). Conclusions:In the treatment of patients with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation complicated with scapular glenoid bone injury less than 20%, both AOT and ASA can improve shoulder function, but AOT is superior to ASA in 90° external rotation.