This study explored how the human cortical folding pattern composed of convex gyri and concave sulci affected single-subject morphological brain networks, which are becoming an important method for studying the human brain connectome. We found that gyri-gyri networks exhibited higher morphological similarity, lower small-world parameters, and lower long-term test-retest reliability than sulci-sulci networks for cortical thickness- and gyrification index-based networks, while opposite patterns were observed for fractal dimension-based networks. Further behavioral association analysis revealed that gyri-gyri networks and connections between gyral and sulcal regions significantly explained inter-individual variance in Cognition and Motor domains for fractal dimension- and sulcal depth-based networks. Finally, the clinical application showed that only sulci-sulci networks exhibited morphological similarity reductions in major depressive disorder for cortical thickness-, fractal dimension-, and gyrification index-based networks. Taken together, these findings provide novel insights into the constraint of the cortical folding pattern to the network organization of the human brain.
Humans ; Cerebral Cortex/anatomy & histology* ; Male ; Female ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Adult ; Connectome/methods* ; Young Adult ; Nerve Net/anatomy & histology* ; Neural Pathways ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnostic imaging*

Changes of functional connectivity network of human V5 in different brain activity was investigated by combining spatial independent component analysis with temporal correlation. First, V5 was localized by performing spatial independent component analysis on the data from block design visual motion runs; then low frequency correlations between V5 and other regions were computed in two steady states (resting state and the state with continuous visual motion stimulus) to detect the functional connectivity networks. The results of experiment indicated: The functional connectivity network of V5 was more extensive and was consistent with the known anatomical connectivity during rest; when subjects were viewing motion, the network was limited in the visual cortex, suggesting that V5 was acting in concert with a network specific to the visual motion processing task.
Adult ; Algorithms ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Motion Perception ; physiology ; Nerve Net ; anatomy & histology ; physiology ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Visual Cortex ; physiology