Study on the mechanism of Fangxia Dihuang Formula(FXDH) in treating breast cancer complicated with depression through the regulation of M1/M2 microglial polarization via the PERK/eIF2α axis. In addition to control group and 4T1 group, a mouse model of breast cancer complicated with depression was established using 4T1 cells combined with corticosterone. The mice were divided into model group, PERK/eIF2α signaling axis agonist(CCT020312, 2 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) group, CCT020312(2 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) + FXDH(13.65 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) group, FXDH(13.65 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) group, FXDH(13.65 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) + Capecitabine Tablets(CAP, 390 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) group, and Fluoxetine Hydrochloride Capsules(FXT, 2.6 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) + CAP(390 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) group, with continuous intervention for 21 d. Depression-like behaviors in mice were assessed through sugar preference test and open field test. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was used to evaluate the morphology of tumor and hippocampal DG region neurons. Nissl staining was employed to detect changes in Nissl bodies in the hippocampal CA3 region. Immunofluorescence was used to observe cluster of differentiation 86(CD86)/ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1(Iba-1) and cluster of differentiation 206(CD206)/Iba-1 in hippocampal tissue. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of M1-type microglia [interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)] and M2-type [arginase-1(Arg-1), IL-10] in hippocampal tissue. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of key factors in the PERK/eIF2α axis, including PERK, eIF2α, activating transcription factor 4(ATF4), and C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP) in hippocampal tissue. The results showed that compared to model group/CCT020312 + FXDH group, FXDH group increased sugar preference index, total movement distance, central zone distance, and central zone entries; reduced tumor mass and volume; tumor cells were sparsely arranged, with a smaller nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio and reduced nuclear division figures, increased Nissl body count, and alleviated neuronal nuclear pyknosis; increased CD206-positive M2-type microglia expression, decreased CD86/Iba-1-positive M1-type microglia expression; reduced IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression, and increased Arg-1 and IL-10 mRNA expression; downregulated PERK, eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP protein expression levels. The results indicate that the mechanism of FXDH in treating breast cancer complicated with depression may be related to inhibiting the activity of the PERK/eIF2α axis, reducing the proportion of M1-type microglia, increasing the proportion of M2-type microglia, thereby suppressing neuronal immune inflammation, improving depressive symptoms, and subsequently delaying the progression of breast cancer.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Female ; Microglia/cytology* ; Mice ; Depression/complications* ; eIF-2 Kinase/genetics* ; Humans ; Breast Neoplasms/psychology* ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2/genetics* ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Cell Line, Tumor

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Patients with glioma experience a high symptom burden and have diverse palliative care needs. However, the assessment scales used in palliative care remain non-standardized and highly heterogeneous. To evaluate the application patterns of the current scales used in palliative care for glioma, we aim to identify gaps and assess the need for disease-specific scales in glioma palliative care. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of five databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, EMBASE, and CINAHL for quantitative studies that reported scale-based assessments in glioma palliative care. We extracted data on scale characteristics, domains, frequency, and psychometric properties. Quality assessments were performed using the Cochrane ROB 2.0 and ROBINS-I tools. RESULTS: Of the 3,405 records initially identified, 72 studies were included. These studies contained 75 distinct scales that were used 193 times. Mood (21.7%), quality of life (24.4%), and supportive care needs (5.2%) assessments were the most frequently assessed items, exceeding half of all scale applications. Among the various assessment dimensions, the Distress Thermometer (DT) was the most frequently used tool for assessing mood, while the Short Form-36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36) was the most frequently used tool for assessing quality of life. The Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) was the most common tool for cognitive assessment. Performance status (5.2%) and social support (6.8%) were underrepresented. Only three brain tumor-specific scales were identified. Caregiver-focused scales were limited and predominantly burden-oriented. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant heterogeneity, domain imbalances, and validation gaps in the current use of assessment scales for patients with glioma receiving palliative care. The scale selected for use should be comprehensive and user-friendly.
Humans ; Glioma/psychology* ; Palliative Care/methods* ; Quality of Life ; Psychometrics ; Brain Neoplasms/psychology*

BACKGROUND: Narrative care is emerging as a new discipline to achieve high-quality nursing. It can be seen in clinical studies on improving the management of schizophrenia, depression and chronic diseases, but its application in surgical patients with lung cancer is rarely reported. The aim of this study was to study the effect on improving symptom cluster management and post-traumatic growth of surgical patients through narrative care model, and to explore its clinical advantages in promoting physical and mental rehabilitation of lung cancer patients. METHODS: A total of 82 patients with lung cancer who underwent surgical treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University from July 2024 to October 2024 were selected as the study objects by convenience sampling, and randomly divided into the control group and observation group according to random number method, with 41 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing; On this basis, the observation group was integrated into three consecutive narrative nursing sessions on the day of admission, 3 days after surgery and 1 week after surgery. After collecting the general data of the patients before intervention, the Generalized Anxiety Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Chinese Version of the Lung Cancer Patients Quality of Life Assessment Scale and the Chinese Version of the Post-traumatic Growth Assessment Scale were used. After each narrative intervention, the two groups of patients were assessed again, and the scores of the two groups were compared at the three stages. RESULTS: The scores of anxiety, sleep, quality of life and post-traumatic growth level of the patients on the 3 days and 1 week postoperatively were better in the observation group than in the control group, and the differences were all statistically significant (P<0.05). In addition, the results within the groups showed that the anxiety scores of the observation group and the control group gradually decreased in the preoperative period, 3 days and 1 week postoperatively; the post-traumatic growth scores gradually increased in the preoperative period, 3 days and 1 week postoperatively; however, due to the stress of the surgery and postoperative discomfort, the sleep scores of the patients of the two groups on 3 days postoperatively were higher than those in the preoperative period and 1 week postoperatively, and the sleep scores of the patients of 1 week postoperatively were significantly lower than those in the preoperative period; and the quality of life of the patients on the 3 days postoperatively scores were lower than preoperative period and 1 week postoperatively, and the quality of survival scores in 1 week postoperatively were higher than the preoperative period, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The application of narrative nursing to lung cancer surgery patients is conducive to alleviating perioperative symptom clusters, helping patients achieve post-traumatic growth, and enhancing their psychosocial adaptability and quality of survival.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/psychology* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Aged ; Adult ; Posttraumatic Growth, Psychological

INTRODUCTION: The survival rate for childhood cancer has increased with advances in medical care. Along with this comes the growing burden of long-term side effects of cancer treatment and cancer survivorship. Childhood cancer survivors are more likely to be sedentary and have a lower quality of life. Physical activity (PA) can promote health and well-being in childhood cancer survivors, but few studies have explored the role of parents of childhood cancer survivors (PCCS) in promoting PA. This qualitative study aims to explore the perceptions of PCCS in Singapore and the role they may have with regard to PA. METHODS: Participants were recruited through a local charity via email, social media and posters. One-hour semi-structured interviews were conducted online with seven parents. With consent, the interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Our study discussed thematically parents' accounts on (1) the barriers and enablers of PA and (2) the complications of cancer that potentially affect the levels of PA in childhood cancer survivors. Parents reported that childhood cancer negatively affects the quality of life and participation in PA. The determinants of participation in PA were multifaceted, and socioecological and health belief models were used to demonstrate how these factors were interlinked. CONCLUSION Participation in PA is influenced at an individual, family, community and societal level. The improved understanding facilitated by this research can be used to shape paediatric cancer care practices in Singapore and guide institutional or national policy interventions.
Humans ; Singapore ; Parents/psychology* ; Cancer Survivors/psychology* ; Qualitative Research ; Female ; Male ; Quality of Life ; Exercise ; Child ; Adult ; Neoplasms ; Adolescent ; Perception ; Middle Aged ; Interviews as Topic

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of heat-sensitive moxibustion on the quality of life in the elderly patients with malignant tumor based on palliative treatment. METHODS: A total of 100 elderly patients with malignant tumor were randomly divided into an observation group (50 cases, 3 cases dropped out) and a control group (50 cases, 4 cases dropped out). The conventional palliative treatment was performed in the control group. On the basis of conventional palliative treatment, heat-sensitive moxibustion was added at Shenque (CV8) and Zhongwan (CV12) in the observation group, once a day, 5 times a week, one course of treatment was composed of 2 weeks, and 2 consecutive courses of treatment were given. In the observation group, 15 patients voluntarily continued heat-sensitive moxibustion treatment, which was collected in the sub-observation group No.1, these patients were treated 3 times a week and for 6 months consecutively. Using the propensity score matching method, 15 patients who only completed 2 courses of treatment were assigned into the sub-observation group No.2. Before and after treatment, the scores of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), the Karnofsky performance status (KPS), and the anorexia/cachexia subscale-12 (A/CS-12), as well as the immune indexes (the contents of serum immune globulin [Ig]G, IgA, IgM and complements C3 and C4) were observed in the patients of the observation group and the control group. The monthly survivals were recorded in the two sub-observation groups after 6 months of treatment completion. The coordination was analyzed on the score of deqi scale of heat-sensitive moxibustion at the probing stage before treatment and the change in the score of EORTC QLQ-C30 before and after treatment in the patients of the observation group. RESULTS: After treatment, except the score related to the financial difficulties, the score of every items in EORTC QLQ-C30 was greater than that before treatment in the observation group (P<0.05); the scores for overall health, nausea/vomiting, pain, short breath, constipation and diarrhea of the scale were higher than those before treatment in the control group (P<0.05). The score for each item of the scale in the observation group was higher when compared with that in the control group, except the score for financial difficulties (P<0.05). After treatment, KPS score increased in the observation group when compared with that before treatment (P<0.05), and the score was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, A/CS-12 score was elevated in comparison with that before treatment in each group (P<0.05), and the score in the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, in the observation group, the contents of serum IgG, IgA and IgM, and C3 and C4 increased in comparison with those before treatment (P<0.05); and in the control group, the contents of serum IgG, C3 and C4 were declined (P<0.05). After treatment, the contents of serum IgG, IgA and IgM, and C3 and C4 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). After 6 months of treatment completion, the survival rate in the sub-observation group No.1 was higher than that of the sub-observation group No.2 (P<0.05). In the observation group, the positive coordination was presented between the score of deqi scale of heat-sensitive moxibustion and the change in the score of EORTC QLQ-C30 in the observation group (r>0, P<0.001). CONCLUSION On the basis of palliative treatment, heat-sensitive moxibustion can improve the quality of life, appetite and the immunity of the elderly patients with malignant tumor. Consecutive long-term moxibustion is contributed to prolonging the life span. The stronger deqi is felt during moxibustion delivery, the more significant the therapeutic effect is obtained.
Humans ; Moxibustion ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Quality of Life ; Neoplasms/psychology* ; Palliative Care ; Aged, 80 and over ; Middle Aged ; Acupuncture Points

Recently, deep learning has achieved impressive results in medical image tasks. However, this method usually requires large-scale annotated data, and medical images are expensive to annotate, so it is a challenge to learn efficiently from the limited annotated data. Currently, the two commonly used methods are transfer learning and self-supervised learning. However, these two methods have been little studied in multimodal medical images, so this study proposes a contrastive learning method for multimodal medical images. The method takes images of different modalities of the same patient as positive samples, which effectively increases the number of positive samples in the training process and helps the model to fully learn the similarities and differences of lesions on images of different modalities, thus improving the model's understanding of medical images and diagnostic accuracy. The commonly used data augmentation methods are not suitable for multimodal images, so this paper proposes a domain adaptive denormalization method to transform the source domain images with the help of statistical information of the target domain. In this study, the method is validated with two different multimodal medical image classification tasks: in the microvascular infiltration recognition task, the method achieves an accuracy of (74.79 ± 0.74)% and an F1 score of (78.37 ± 1.94)%, which are improved as compared with other conventional learning methods; for the brain tumor pathology grading task, the method also achieves significant improvements. The results show that the method achieves good results on multimodal medical images and can provide a reference solution for pre-training multimodal medical images.
Humans ; Algorithms ; Brain/diagnostic imaging* ; Brain Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Recognition, Psychology

OBJECTIVE: Patients with gynecological cancer commonly use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) methods to cope with the disease. However, despite the existence of treatment strategies, the effect of fear and anxiety caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on attitudes about CAM use is unclear. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of fear and anxiety experienced by patients with gynecological cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic on their attitudes towards the use of CAM. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study that included 177 women with gynecological cancer; participants were recruited from a social networking site for cancer patients in Turkey between June and December 2021. Data were collected using an online survey that included the Personal Information Form, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and the Attitude Towards Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Scale. Descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson's correlation test, and simple linear and multiple regression analyses were performed to analyze the data. RESULTS: During the pandemic, 55.4% of the participants reported using CAM methods, but only 22.6% were using CAM before the pandemic. The participants who used CAM during the pandemic also scored higher on the fear of COVID-19 and coronavirus anxiety scales (20.69 ± 5.37 and 13.09 ± 6.29, respectively) compared to the participants who did not use CAM (9.29 ± 2.72 and 6.35 ± 2.06, respectively). Fear of COVID-19 accounted for 52% of the CAM attitude score, while coronavirus anxiety accounted for 15% of the CAM attitude score. Fear of COVID-19 and coronavirus anxiety together accounted for 53% of CAM attitude. CONCLUSION Gynecological cancer patients with high levels of COVID-19-related anxiety and fear during the pandemic used CAM more. Given that the psychological effects of the pandemic will continue in the coming years, CAM use should be evaluated as a coping strategy, especially due to the COVID-19-related anxiety and fear experienced by patients with gynecological cancer. While the rational and effective CAM methods should be supported, strategies should be developed to prevent misuse of CAM and its interference in prescribed medical treatments. Please cite this article as: Uslu-Sahan F, Yesilcınar I, Kurt G, Hancer E, Guvenc G. Effects of COVID-19 fear and anxiety on attitudes towards complementary and alternative medicine use in women with gynecological cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(4): 377-384.
Humans ; Female ; COVID-19 ; Pandemics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Anxiety/psychology* ; Attitude ; Neoplasms ; Fear ; Complementary Therapies/psychology*

Humans ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Singapore ; Neoplasms/psychology* ; Adaptation, Psychological ; Parents/psychology*

INTRODUCTION: Unmet psychosocial concerns are associated with emotional distress among cancer patients. This longitudinal study aimed to identify specific psychosocial concern profiles and trajectories of emotional distress, and examine their association among newly diagnosed adult cancer patients across the first year of diagnosis. METHODS: Adult patients aged 21-64 years were screened to determine their eligibility for this study. Psychosocial concerns and psychological distress were measured using the Problem List and the Distress Thermometer, respectively (n = 221). Latent transition mixture analysis was used to determine specific psychosocial concern profiles and trajectories of emotional distress, and examine associations with adjustments made for demographic and medical variables. RESULTS: Two classes of psychosocial concerns were identified: low (81%) and high (19%) concerns. Two trajectories of distress were identified: low stable (69%) and high stable (31%) trajectories. Patients in the high concerns class were significantly more likely to demonstrate the high stable trajectory of distress. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the importance of concurrent assessment of multiple psychosocial concerns and screening of emotional distress throughout a cancer patient's treatment journey. Such assessments can effectively guide interventions to address individual concerns and alleviate emotional distress among newly diagnosed cancer patients.
Adult ; Emotions ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Neoplasms/psychology* ; Stress, Psychological/psychology* ; Visual Analog Scale

Objective To explore the impact of pressure and social support on the quality of life of non-surgical gastric cancer patients. Methods A total of 158 non-surgical patients diagnosed with gastric cancer by gastroscopy from June to August in 2021 were included in this study.The perceived stress scale,multidimensional scale of perceived social support,and the 36-item short form health survey questionnaire [including the physical composite score (PCS) and mental composite score (MCS)] were used for the evaluation of perceived stress,social support,and quality of life,respectively.Spearman correlation analysis was conducted.Mann-Whitney U test,Kruskal-Wallis H test or one-way analysis of variance was employed for the comparison between groups.Bivariate Logistic regression was employed for multiple comparisons. Results Gender (P<0.001),marriage (P=0.022),age (P=0.022),and sickness symptoms (P=0.009) affected the PCS of non-surgical gastric cancer patients.Gender (P=0.016),income (P=0.012),and sickness symptoms (P=0.038) influenced the MCS of non-surgical gastric cancer patients.Perceived pressure was negatively correlated with PCS and MCS (all P<0.001).The three factors of social support were positively correlated with PCS and MCS (all P<0.001).The PCS was associated with gender (OR=0.219,95%CI=0.091-0.525,P=0.001),age (OR=0.969,95%CI=0.942-0.998,P=0.035),sickness symptoms (OR=1.142,95%CI=1.013-1.287,P=0.030),perceived stress (OR=0.921,95%CI=0.860-0.987,P=0.019),and family support (OR=1.195,95%CI=1.064-1.343,P=0.003).The MCS was associated with gender (OR=0.169,95%CI=0.062-0.459,P<0.001),perceived pressure (OR=0.910,95%CI=0.844-0.981,P=0.013),and other support (OR=1.136,95%CI=1.002-1.288,P=0.046). Conclusions The quality of life of the patients with non-surgical gastric cancer was related to perceived pressure and social support.Female and elderly patients have lower quality of life,which requires more attention in clinical work.
Aged ; Female ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Quality of Life/psychology* ; Social Support ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Surveys and Questionnaires