Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and survival outcomes of dose-dense (biweekly) carboplatin plus paclitaxel (PC) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and to explore an optimal neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen for TNBC. Methods: Patients diagnosed as TNBC(cT1-4N0-3M0) in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Between January 2008 and September 2018 who received dose-dense PC and standard 3-weekly PC as NAC were 1∶1 matched using propensity score matching (PSM) to compare the efficacy, safety and survival outcomes. Results: One hundred of TNBC patients were enrolled (50 patients were divided in dose-dense group, 50 patients in standard group). The objective response rate (ORR) of dose-dense group and standard group were both 90.0% (45/50). The grade 3-4 neutropenia in dose-dense group was less than that of standard group (32.7% vs. 68.0%, P=0.001), while the rate of ALT/AST elevation in dose-dense group was higher than that of standard group (57.1% vs. 32.0%, P=0.012). The pathological complete response (pCR) rates were 34.0% (17/50) in dose-dense group and 38.0% (19/50) in standard group, without statistically significance (P=0.677). The median follow-up time was 55 months (3-150 months). The 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) in dose-dense group and standard group were 83.5% and 75.2%, respectively the 5-year overall survival (OS) in dose-dense and standard group were 87.9% and 84.5% the difference were not statistically significant (P=0.322 and 0.647, respectively). Patients with residual disease (tumor size≥1 cm or lymph node positive) had poor prognosis, the 5-year RFS and OS were 59.3% and 68.5%, respectively. Conclusions: Dose-dense PC has similar efficacy with standard 3-weekly PC and has a good safety profile. Since dose-dense regimen can shorten the duration of therapy, it can be an alternative in TNBC.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Carboplatin/therapeutic use* ; Humans ; Neoadjuvant Therapy/adverse effects* ; Paclitaxel/therapeutic use* ; Treatment Outcome ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology*

OBJECTIVES: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with radical surgery has become the treatment model for locally advanced rectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of postoperative mFOLFOX6 regimen chemotherapy for locally resectable advanced rectal cancer. METHODS: This was a prospective study. A total of 82 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer admitted to Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China from February 2015 to December 2017 were selected as the subjects. The patients received 4 courses of mFOLFOX6 chemotherapy and underwent surgery within 4-6 weeks after chemotherapy. The incidences of chemotherapy-related adverse reactions, postoperative complications, and clinical pathological reactions were analyzed. RESULTS: In the period from mFOLFOX6 chemotherapy to preoperative, 82 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer was reported chemotherapy-related adverse reactions, including Grade 4 neutropenia (2.4%), catheter related infection (2.4%), and anorexia (2.4%), Grade 3 nausea (2.4%) and anorexia (2.4%), Grade 2 neutropenia (14.6%) and peripheral neuropathy (7.3%). Finally, 76 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer completed surgery, including 56 (73.7%) with anterior rectum resection, 16 (21.1%) with abdominal perineal resection, and 72 (94.7%) with pelvic nerve preservation. A total of 22 (28.9%) patients had surgical complications, including 8 (10.5%) with complications of Grade 3 or above. The complications with high incidence were intestinal obstruction, anastomotic leakage, and sepsis. Among the 76 patients who completed chemotherapy and surgery, T stage was decreased in 28 (36.8%) and N stage was decreased in 44 (57.9%); forty-two (55.3%) were in pathological Stage I, 20 (26.3%) in Stage IIA, 12 (15.8%) in Stage IIB, and 2 (2.6%) in Stage IIIA. Ten patients were suspected of tumor invasion of surrounding organs before chemotherapy, of which 4 patients did not need to extend the resection of surrounding organs after chemotherapy and achieved R0 resection of tumor; 2 in T CONCLUSIONS Preoperative mFOLFOX6 regimen chemotherapy for locally resectable advanced rectal cancer is a safe and feasible treatment strategy, and it is worthy of clinical application.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects* ; China ; Fluorouracil/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prospective Studies ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: At present, there are few studies focusing on the factors short-term complications after total gastrectomy in patients with advanced gastric cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). The purpose of this study is to provide a reference for clinical prevention of complications in these patients. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted. Case inclusion criteria: (1) clinical stage II-III gastric cancer diagnosed by preoperative gastroscopy, pathology, abdominal CT, EUS or PET-CT; (2) evaluated suitable for NACT by MDT discussion; (3) no previous history of other malignant tumors and no concurrent tumor; (4) undergoing total gastrectomy+ D2 lymphadenectomy after NACT. Exclusion criteria: (1) age <18 or >80 years old; (2) severe concurrent diseases, and ASA classification>grade III; (3) stump gastric cancer or history of gastric surgery; (4) incomplete clinicopathological data. According to the above criteria, clinicopathological data of 140 advanced gastric cancer patients who underwent total gastrectomy after NACT in Chinese PLA General Hospital between June 2012 and June 2019 were collected, including 109 males and 31 females with mean age of (56.9±11.4) years and body mass indey (BMI) of (23.3±3.1) kg/m(2). Logistic analysis was used to analyze the relationship between postoperative complication and clinicopathological data. Factors in univariate analysis with P<0.05 were included in the multivariate analysis. Results: Postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo classification ≥ II) occurred in 35 cases (25.0%) and severe complications (Clavien-Dindo classification ≥ IIIa) occurred in 4 cases (2.9%), including 1 case of esophago-jejunal anastomotic leakage, 1 case of vena cava thrombosis, 1 case of pleural effusion, 1 case of septic shock during perioperative days resulting in death. Univariate analysis showed that BMI (P=0.011), cycle of NACT (P=0.027), tumor diameter (P=0.021), and vascular invasion (P=0.033) were associated with postoperative complication within 30 days, while open/laparoscopic total gastrectomy were not associated with postoperative complication (P=0.926). Multivariate analysis revealed that BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2) (OR=3.294, 95% CI: 1.343-8.079, P=0.009) and < 4 cycles of NACT (OR=2.922, 95% CI: 1.217-7.016, P=0.016) were independent risk factors for postoperative complication. The 3-year overall survival rates of patients with or without complication were 54.4% and 64.0%, respectively (P=0.395), and 3-year disease-free survival rates were 47.4% and 52.9%, respectively (P=0.587). Conclusions: Higher BMI and fewer cycles of NACT are independent risk factors of postoperative complication in advanced gastric cancer patients undergoing total gastrectomy after NACT. No obvious association is found between postoperative complication and surgical approaches.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Gastrectomy/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Postoperative Complications/etiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms/surgery*

Objective: To investigate postoperative complications of patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy followed by radical gastrectomy, and to analyze their influence on the prognosis. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was used. Case inclusion criteria: (1) gastric adenocarcinoma confirmed by histopathology; (2) preoperative imaging examination showed no distant metastasis or peritoneal dissemination; (3) undergoing radical gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection after neoadjuvant therapy; (4) complete clinicopathological and follow-up data. According to the above criteria, clinical data of 490 gastric cancer patients who underwent radical gastrectomy in the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College from January 2008 to December 2018 were retrospectively collected, including 358 males and 132 females with mean age of (55.0±10.6) years. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens included SOX (S-1+ oxaliplatin, n=151), XELOX (capecitabine+oxaliplatin, n=155), FLOT (docetaxel+oxaliplatin+fluorouracil, n=66), and DOS (docetaxel+ oxaliplatin+S-1, n=68). Preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy was performed in 100 patients. SOX regimen was used for 2-4 cycles as induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy (3D IMRT+S-1). Postoperative complications were defined as surgery-related complications, mainly including hemorrhage, anastomotic leakage, obstruction, anastomotic stenosis, pulmonary infection, abdominal infection, etc. Postoperative complications were graded according to Clavien-Dindo classification. Log-rank test and Cox regression model were used for univanriate multivariate prognostic analysis, respectively. Results: A total of 101 complications ocaured after operation in 87 (17.8%) patients, including 29 cases of major complications (Clavien-Dindo III to V), and 58 cases of minor complications (Clavien-Dindo I to II). Multivariate analysis showed that age > 65 years (HR=3.077, 95% CI: 1.827-5.184, P<0.001) and total gastrectomy (HR=1.735, 95% CI: 1.069-2.814, P=0.026) were independent risk factors for postoperative complications in patients with gastric cancer undergoing neoadjuvant therapy and radical gastrectomy (both P<0.05). The follow-up period was 0.7 to 131.8 months (median 21.5 months), and the 5-year overall survival rate was 47.4%. The 5-year overall survival rates of the complication group (87 cases) and the non-complication group (403 cases) were 33.2% and 50.9%, respectively (P=0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that age (HR=1.906, 95% CI: 1.248-2.913, P=0.003), ypTNM II to III stage (II stage: HR=5.853, 95% CI: 1.778-19.260, P=0.004; III stage: HR=10.800, 95% CI: 3.411-34.189, P<0.001), surgery time>3.5 h (HR=1.492, 95% CI: 1.095-2.033, P=0.011), total gastrectomy (HR=1.657, 95% CI: 1.216-2.257, P=0.001) and postoperative complications (HR=1.614, 95% CI: 1.125-2.315, P=0.009) were independent risk factors for prognosis, and postoperative adjuvant therapy (HR=0.578, 95% CI: 0.421-0.794, P=0.001) was an independent protective factor for prognosis. Conclusions: The occurrence of postoperative complications in gastric cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy is closely related to the age of the patients and the range of surgical resection. It is beneficial to improve the prognosis for these patients by paying more attention to the prevention of postoperative complications and the reinforcement of postoperative adjuvant therapy.
Adenocarcinoma/surgery* ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Gastrectomy/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms/surgery*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We compared the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the survival of patients who received radiofrequency ablation (RFA) after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with patients treated with TACE or RFA alone. METHODS: This study included 201 patients with HCC, who were consecutively enrolled at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital between December 2004 and February 2010. Inclusion criteria were a single HCC < or = 5.0 cm or up to three HCCs < or = 3.0 cm. We used a propensity score model to compare HCC patients (n = 87) who received RFA after TACE (TACE + RFA) with those who received TACE (n = 71) or RFA alone (n = 43). RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 33.3 months (range, 6.8 to 80.9). The TACE + RFA group showed significantly lower local recurrence than the RFA or TACE groups (hazard ratio [HR], 0.309; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.130 to 0.736; p = 0.008; and HR, 0.352; 95% CI, 0.158 to 0.787; p = 0.011, respectively). The overall survival was significantly better in the TACE + RFA group compared to the RFA group (HR, 0.422; 95% CI, 0.185 to 0.964; p = 0.041). However, the survival benefit was not different between the TACE + RFA and TACE groups (p = 0.124). Subgroup analysis showed that among patients with a tumor size < 3 cm, the TACE + RFA group had significantly better long-term survival than those in the TACE or RFA groups (p = 0.017, p = 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: TACE + RFA combination treatment showed favorable local recurrence and better overall survival rates in early-stage HCC patients. Patients with tumors < 3 cm are likely to benefit more from TACE + RFA combination treatment. Additional studies are needed for the selection of suitable HCC patients for TACE + RFA treatment.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality/pathology/*therapy ; *Catheter Ablation/adverse effects/mortality ; *Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/adverse effects/mortality ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Liver Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/*therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Neoadjuvant Therapy/adverse effects/mortality ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Patient Selection ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Republic of Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Tumor Burden ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility, safety and short-term clinical outcomes of robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE).

METHODSClinical data of 17 patients with esophageal cancer who received RAMIE between April 2016 and July 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThe age of the patients ranged from 44 to 83. Six patients received neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy while 11 patients underwent surgery alone. All patients were performed by the robot-assisted thoraco-laparoscopic minimally invasive esophagectomy. In-hospital mortality was 0%. None was converted to open transthoracic or laparotomy approach. In the neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy group, 3 patients received pathological complete response while 2 patients were stage II(A and 1 patient was stage II(B. In the surgery alone group, 1 patient was stage I(A, 3 patients were stage II(A, 5 patients were stage II(B, 1 patient was stage III(A and 1 patient was stage III(B. The mean operation time was 195 minutes (range 145 to 305 minutes). The mean blood loss was 60 ml (range 30 to 200 ml). Mean lymph node harvest was 28 nodes. The rate of radical resection was 100%. Median ICU stay was 4.5 days (range 1 to 36 days), and median overall postoperative hospital stay was 15.2 days(range 9 to 45 days). Postoperative complication occurred in 4 (23.5%) patients, including 3 (17.6%) of lung lesion, 2 (11.8%) of hoarseness, 1 (5.9%) of chylothorax, while no anastomotic leakage and arrhythmia was observed.

CONCLUSIONRAMIE for esophageal cancer is feasible and safe with favorable early outcomes.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; statistics & numerical data ; Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy ; Esophagectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; methods ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; methods ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; adverse effects ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND/AIMS: In gastric cancer, the rate of recurrence and metastasis following radical resection is high, necessitating improvement in survival and cure rates. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has potential benefits for locally advanced gastric cancer; however, the surgical benefits and effects on survival are unclear. This study evaluates the effectiveness of NAC in locally advanced gastric cancer and compares clinical outcomes of doublet and triplet regimens. METHODS: We reviewed patient medical records of 383 patients who underwent NAC (n=41) or surgery only (n=342) for treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer. The baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between the groups. Chemotherapy patients were classified according to regimen, doublet (n=28) and triplet (n=13), and NAC-related clinical response, safety, and toxicity were analyzed. RESULTS: The baseline characteristics did not differ significantly between groups. After NAC, the tumor downstage rate was 51.2% (21/41); however, overall survival (p=0.205) and disease-free survival (p=0.415) were not significantly different between the groups. On subgroup analysis, no significant differences in drug toxicity (p=0.604) or clinical response (p=0.374) were found between outcomes of doublet and triplet chemotherapy regimens. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with locally advanced gastric cancer, NAC showed tolerable drug toxicity and increased tumor downstage, but NAC failed to increase the survival rate, which may be caused by a high D2-lymphadenectomy rate. Therefore, NAC was found to be a therapeutic option for select gastric cancer patients.
Adenocarcinoma ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy* ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Survival Rate ; Triplets*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The objective of this study was to assess the prognostic roles of treatment response and tissue necrosis after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer. METHODS: A total of 243 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant CRT were included. Three treatment response groups were classified by their pathological stage results: complete treatment response (CTR), intermediate treatment response (ITR), and poor treatment response (PTR). Three tissue necrosis groups were classified based on tissue pathological results: complete necrosis response (CNR), intermediate necrosis response (INR), and poor necrosis response (PNR). RESULTS: Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate at three years were 74.5% and 61.3%, respectively. The 3-year OS rates of the CTR, ITR, and PTR groups were 83.7%, 75.9%, and 69.7%, respectively (p < 0.001); the 3-year RFS rates were 76.7%, 69.0%, and 52.1%, respectively (p < 0.001). The 3-year OS rates of the CNR, INR, and PNR groups were 83.7%, 80.6%, and 61.8%, respectively (p < 0.001); the 3-year RFS rates were 76.7%, 68.9%, and 44.3%, respectively (p < 0.001). When compared to CTR/CNR, PTR/PNR was strongly related to an increased risk of recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 5.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.01 to 15.23 vs. HR, 6.37; 95% CI, 2.29 to 17.74, respectively) in univariate Cox regression. Both PTR and PNR were strongly associated with shorter RFS and OS when compared with CTR and CNR in the multivariate Cox regression. CONCLUSIONS: Tissue necrosis is an equally important prognostic marker as treatment response for oncologic outcomes in locally advanced rectal cancer.
Aged ; Biopsy ; *Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effects/mortality ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Disease Progression ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; *Laparoscopy/adverse effects/mortality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Necrosis ; *Neoadjuvant Therapy/adverse effects/mortality ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Rectal Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/*therapy ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone for Her2-negative breast cancer.We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Database and the abstracts of major international conferences in recent 5 years to identify prospective randomized controlled clinical trials that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Study selection and analyses were undertaken according to the Cochrane Handbook. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.Six trials were identified with 4440 eligible patients. The results of this meta-analysis showed that the rate of pathological complete response (pCR) was higher in Her-2 negative breast cancer patients receiving bevacizumab combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy than that in patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone (24.7% vs 20.1%,=1.23, 95%:1.10-1.37,<0.01). In addition, the pCR rate rose up when bevacizumab was added to neoadjuvant chemotherapy both in hormone receptor-positive patients (13.1% vs 10.2%,=1.28, 95%:1.04-1.58,<0.05) and in hormone receptor-negative patients (46.3% vs 37.1%,=1.25, 95%:1.12-1.39,<0.01). Statistical differences were observed in the rate of relevant adverse events such as hypertention (3.2% vs 0.6%,=5.292, 95%:2.933-9.549,<0.01) and mucositis (10.5% vs 2.0%,=5.340, 95%:3.743-7.617,<0.01) between the combination group and the chemotherapy alone group. Differences in other toxicities such as febrile neutropenia, infection, surgical complications, neutropenia and hand-foot syndrome were also found to be statistically significant between the combination group and the chemotherapy alone group (all<0.05), while such difference was not found in the occurrence of peripheral neuropathy (>0.05).The addition of bevacizumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Her2-negative breast cancer can significantly improve pathological complete response, but may bring more grade 3 and 4 toxicities.More neoadjuvant trials need to be done to define subgroups of Her2-negative breast cancer that would have clinically significant long-term benefit from bevacizumab treatment.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; toxicity ; Bevacizumab ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; toxicity ; Breast Neoplasms ; chemistry ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Prospective Studies ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; analysis ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo explore the risk factors and clinical features of delayed anastomotic fistula (DAF) following sphincter-preserving operation for rectal cancer.

METHODSClinical data of 1 594 patients with rectal cancer undergoing sphincter-preserving operation in our department from January 2008 to May 2015 based on the prospective database of Dpartment of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Sixty patients(3.8%) developed anastomotic fistula. Forty-one patients (2.6%) developed early anastomotic fistula (EAF) within 30 days after surgery while 19(1.2%) were DAF that occurred beyond 30 days. Univariate analyses were performed to compare the clinical features between EAF and DAF group.

RESULTSDAF was diagnosed at a median time of 194(30-327) days after anastomosis. As compared to EAF group, DAF group had lower tumor site [(6.1±2.3) cm vs. (7.8±2.8) cm, P=0.023], lower anastomosis site [(3.6±1.8) cm vs. (4.8±1.6) cm, P=0.008], higher ratio of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (84.2% vs. 34.1%, P=0.000), and receiving preventive stoma (73.7% vs. 14.6%, P=0.000). According to ISREC grading system for anastomotic fistula, DAF patients were grade A and B, while EAF cases were grade B and C(P=0.000). During the first hospital stay for anastomosis, DAF group did not have abdominal pain, general malaise, drainage abnormalities, peritonitis but 8 cases(42.1%) had fever more than 38centi-degree. In EAF group, 29 patients(70.7%) had abdominal pain and general malaise, and 29(70.7%) had drainage abnormalities. General or circumscribed peritonitis were developed in 25(61.0%) EAF patients, and fever occurred in 39(95.1%) EAF cases. There were 13(68.4%) cases with sinus or fistula formation and 9(47.4%) with rectovaginal fistula in DAF group, in contrast to 5 (12.2%) and 5 (12.2%) in EAF group respectively. In DAF group, 5 (26.3%) patients received follow-up due to stoma (no closure), 5 (26.3%) received bedside surgical drainage, while 9(47.4%) patients underwent operation, including diverting stoma in 3 patients, Hartmann procedure in 1 case, intersphincteric resection, coloanal anastomosis plus ileostomy in 1case because of pelvic fibrosis and stenosis of neorectum after radiotherapy, mucosal advancement flap repair with a cellular matrix interposition in 3 rectovaginal fistula cases, incision of sinus via the anus in 1 case. During a median follow-up of 28 months, 14(73.7%) DAF patients were cured.

CONCLUSIONSIt is advisable to be cautious that patients with lower site of tumor and anastomosis, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and preventive stoma are at risk of DAF. DAF is clinically silent and most patients can be cured by effective surgical treatment.

Anal Canal ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Anastomotic Leak ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Colostomy ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Ileostomy ; Length of Stay ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Organ Sparing Treatments ; Postoperative Complications ; diagnosis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Rectovaginal Fistula ; Rectum ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Surgical Flaps ; Surgical Stomas ; Treatment Outcome