This article reports a case of congenital choanal atresia with additional nostril and nasal deformities admitted to Henan Children's Hospital. A 43-day-old female patient was admitted to the hospital because of wheezing with mouth opening breathing and restricted feeding after birth'. The patient was diagnosis as bilateral congenital posterior nostril membranous atresia, congenital extra nostril nasal deformity and nasal stenosis by fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy, CT, gene detection, and physical examination results. Under general anesthesia, endoscopic bilateral posterior nostril plasty and left anterior nostril plasty were performed. The child recovered well after operation.
Humans ; Choanal Atresia/surgery* ; Female ; Nasal Cavity/abnormalities* ; Infant ; Nose/surgery* ; Endoscopy/methods*

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by a disorder of breathing with prolonged partial and/or complete airway obstruction which causes frequent arousal during sleep. The prevalence of OSAS is approximately 2%–3.5% in children. It is mainly caused by enlarged tonsils and adenoids. Obesity, craniofacial abnormality, and neuromuscular disease are also relevant predisposing factors. Snoring is the most common presenting complaint in children with OSA, but the clinical presentation varies according to age. The pathogenesis of OSA is complex and involved in multifactorial, relative roles of anatomic and neurohumoral factors. The role of the nose is considered a component of the pathophysiology of OSA. It is unlikely that the first manifestation of OSA is intermittent snoring with nasal obstruction, often considered a coincidental finding. Childhood OSA should be diagnosed and treated, if clinically suspected, because various symptoms, signs, and consequences can be improved with proper management. Adenotonsillectomy is the first-line treatment modality in pediatric OSA with adenotonsillar hypertrophy. In addition, treatment of allergic rhinitis, nonallergic rhinitis, and other structural problems of the nasal cavity, if it is needed, may be included in the treatment of OSA.
Adenoids ; Airway Obstruction ; Arousal ; Causality ; Child* ; Craniofacial Abnormalities ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Obstruction ; Neuromuscular Diseases ; Nose ; Obesity ; Palatine Tonsil ; Prevalence ; Respiration ; Rhinitis ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive* ; Snoring

It is common to find a nose with a hump, lower nasal tip and a radix among Koreans. A common procedure as an aesthetical improvement for such feature, involves rasping of the hump, while lifting the tip and the bridge at the same time. As for the hump, en bloc resection is a well-known, traditional surgical method, but it may cause an open roof deformity, which leads to a high possibility of infection if dorsal augmentation using silicone was performed through it as it connects the nasal cavity and dorsum. To overcome this complication, the hump on the bony portion and cartilaginous has been improved by a modified autospreader graft. Also, the graft can also be used for tip-plasty in dorsal augmentation using silicone, septal extension graft, strut and onlay graft. As a result of constant monitoring for a year, the reformation of the hump and infection was not found.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Inlays ; Lifting ; Methods ; Nasal Cavity ; Nose ; Rhinoplasty ; Silicon ; Silicones ; Transplants*

Fractures of frontal sinus account for 5%–12% of all fractures of facial skeleton. Inadequately treated frontal sinus injuries may result in malposition of sinus structures, as well as subsequent distortion of the overlying soft tissue. Such inappropriate treatment can result in aesthetic complaints (contour deformity) as well as medical complications (recurrent sinusitis, mucocele or mucopyocele, osteomyelitis of the frontal bone, meningitis, encephalitis, brain abscess or thrombosis of the cavernous sinus) with potentially fatal outcomes. Frontal contour deformity warrants surgical intervention. Although deformities should be corrected by the deficiency in tissue type, skin and soft tissue correction is considered better choice than bone surgery because of minimal invasiveness. Development of infection in the postoperative period requires all secondary operations to be delayed, pending the resolution of infectious symptoms. The anterior cranial fossa must be isolated from the nasal cavity to prevent infectious complications. Because most of the complications are related to infection, frontal sinus fractures require extensive surgical debridement and adequate restructuring of the anatomy. The authors suggest surgeons to be familiar with various methods of treatment available in the prevention and management of complications following frontal sinus fractures, which is helpful in making the proper decision for secondary frontal sinus fracture surgery.
Brain Abscess ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Cranial Fossa, Anterior ; Debridement ; Encephalitis ; Fatal Outcome ; Frontal Bone ; Frontal Sinus* ; Meningitis ; Mucocele ; Nasal Cavity ; Osteomyelitis ; Postoperative Period ; Reoperation ; Sinusitis ; Skeleton ; Skin ; Surgeons ; Thrombosis

Headaches attributed to disorders of the sinonasal region make their diagnosis and treatment sometimes challenging. Contact point between opposing mucosal surfaces in the nasal cavity can cause headache by a mechanism of referred pain in the distribution of trigeminal nerve. The most common anatomic abnormality of intranasal contact point is the diverse pattern of septal deviation in association with turbinate deformity or hypertrophy. In the absence of other pathological findings, the evaluation for intranasal contact points should be considered. We herein report that a patient, suffering from headache and periorbital pain refractory to medical treatment, experienced a complete abolition of pain after surgical correction of mucosal contact point in the nasal cavity.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnosis ; Headache* ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Nasal Cavity ; Pain, Referred ; Trigeminal Nerve ; Turbinates

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It is difficult to correct anterior nasal septal dislocation and subluxation. This study reviewed our surgical technique for correcting septal dislocation and subluxation. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of 20 patients who underwent septal reconstructive suturing of the cartilage to the premaxilla. Acoustic rhinometry, endoscopic pictures, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, and patient satisfaction were evaluated. RESULTS: The results of acoustic rhinometry showed that there was significant (p<0.05) improvement in the minimum cross-sectional area on both sides of the nasal cavity. The nasal cavity volume was also increased bilaterally, although not significantly on the convex side (convex side, p=0.108; concave side, p=0.007). Thirteen patients had complete correction of the septal deformity on the endoscopic pictures and seven had incomplete correction. The VAS score for nasal obstruction was decreased significantly (p<0.05). Most patients (85%) felt satisfied with the surgery. Only one patient complained about a mild deformity of the external nose. No other major complications were encountered. CONCLUSION: The correction of caudal septal dislocation or subluxation with the excision of excessive septal cartilage and suturing the cartilage to the premaxilla are both successful methods for treating septal deformities.
Cartilage* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Dislocations* ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Obstruction ; Nose ; Patient Satisfaction ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinometry, Acoustic

A 46-year-old female patient presented to our hospital with history of pharyngeal discomfort for 6 months. Physical examination showed that she had facial asymmetry, loss of the left nasolabial fold, rightward de- viation of uvula, swelling of the left soft palate. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a bigger neoplasm in left pa- rapharyngeal space which invaded into left lateral skull base. The left internal carotid artery, vein and the styloid process was jostled backward. The primary clinical diagnosis is pleomorphic adenoma of the parapharyngeal space.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; surgery ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Endoscopes ; Endoscopy ; Face ; abnormalities ; Facial Asymmetry ; congenital ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Cavity ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Pharynx ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; surgery

Cleft lip and palate is congenital deformity in oral and maxillofacial area. Normal soft palate has velopharyngeal closure action by connecting oral cavity and nasal cavity at rest and moving upward at swallowing and specific pronunciation. Cleft palate patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency have difficulty in mastication, swallowing and pronunciation because velopharyngeal closure is incomplete. At this time, a prosthetic device used to cover palate defects is called a palatal obturator. A palatal obturator separates oral cavity and nasal cavity and recovers pronunciation, mastication, swallowing and esthetic function. The purpose of this case study is to report the results because it reaches a satisfactory result in functional and esthetic aspects through functional impression procedures using modeling compound and tissue conditioner for restoration of a cleft palate patient with velopharyngeal insufficiency.
Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Deglutition ; Humans ; Mastication ; Mouth ; Nasal Cavity ; Palatal Obturators* ; Palate ; Palate, Soft ; Velopharyngeal Insufficiency*

PURPOSE: Supernumerary nostril, also known as triple nostril or accessory nostril, is one of the extremely rare congenital nasal deformities which includes an additional nostril. Since Lindsey reported the first case of a supernumerary nostril, only 34 cases of supernumerary nostril have been reported world widely. And there was no any domestic case. In the present case, we described a case of supernumerary nostril and reviewed all the literature cases of supernumerary nostril. METHODS: A 10-month-old female patient visited to the authors with an additional nostril located above her right nostril, which had been present since birth. Antenatal history was uneventful and the infant's birth was normal. On physical examination there were no other abnormalities and additional nostril was communicating with ipsilateral normal nasal cavity. We performed fistulectomy and local flap for the correction. RESULTS: After 7 months postoperatively, the patient was doing well. The functional outcome was excellent and the cosmetic result was satisfactory. During the long term follow-up for 8 years, there were no specific problems. CONCLUSION: In supernumerary nostril, preoperative evaluation of other abnormalities is very important and we advocate that corrective surgery can be performed at an early age for patient's psychosocial development.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Cosmetics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Nasal Cavity ; Parturition ; Physical Examination

PURPOSE: Supernumerary nostril, also known as triple nostril or accessory nostril, is one of the extremely rare congenital nasal deformities which includes an additional nostril. Since Lindsey reported the first case of a supernumerary nostril, only 34 cases of supernumerary nostril have been reported world widely. And there was no any domestic case. In the present case, we described a case of supernumerary nostril and reviewed all the literature cases of supernumerary nostril. METHODS: A 10-month-old female patient visited to the authors with an additional nostril located above her right nostril, which had been present since birth. Antenatal history was uneventful and the infant's birth was normal. On physical examination there were no other abnormalities and additional nostril was communicating with ipsilateral normal nasal cavity. We performed fistulectomy and local flap for the correction. RESULTS: After 7 months postoperatively, the patient was doing well. The functional outcome was excellent and the cosmetic result was satisfactory. During the long term follow-up for 8 years, there were no specific problems. CONCLUSION: In supernumerary nostril, preoperative evaluation of other abnormalities is very important and we advocate that corrective surgery can be performed at an early age for patient's psychosocial development.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Cosmetics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Nasal Cavity ; Parturition ; Physical Examination