ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the application of narrative education in undergraduate nursing teaching， to understand the current application status of narrative education， and to provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent establishment of a sound narrative education system. MethodsA systematic search was conducted for studies published in Chinese and English databases on applying narrative education to undergraduate nursing teaching， with the search period ranging from database inception to February 23， 2025. Literature was screened， and relevant information was extracted. A rigorous quality evaluation was conducted on the included studies， and a descriptive analysis was performed on their content. ResultsA total of 20 papers were included， involving 3，180 research subjects， all of whom were undergraduate nursing students. The results of descriptive analysis showed that the teaching model of narrative education primarily encompassed reading narrative works， watching films and videos， performing narrative scenarios， and writing reflective journals. The course setting and content covered pre-teaching preparation and in-teaching implementation. The evaluation of teaching effectiveness included the evaluation of teachers’ teaching methods （student evaluation/self-evaluation） and the evaluation of students’ learning effectiveness （course grade evaluation/humanistic care scale/empathy scale assessment， and others）. ConclusionNarrative education combines abstract concepts with concrete clinical situations， which not only enriches students’ learning experiences but also enhances their humanistic literacy. Meanwhile， it provides teachers with opportunities to develop their narrative teaching skills， which requires them to possess profound professional knowledge and employ narrative techniques to guide students in reflection and critical thinking， thereby improving teaching quality and learning outcomes. Future efforts should consistently deepen the connotation research of narrative education and build a systematic nursing education system.

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disease with complex clinical manifestations, presenting substantial challenges in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Its symptoms and the eight extraordinary meridians are potentially correlated; therefore, this article explores the association between MSA symptom clusters and the eight extraordinary meridians based on their circulation and physiological functions, as well as their treatment strategies. The progression from deficiency to damage in the eight extraordinary meridians aligns with the core pathogenesis of MSA, which is characterized by "the continuous accumulation of impacts from the vital qi deficiency leading to eventual damage". Liver and kidney deficiency and the emptiness of the eight extraordinary meridians are required for the onset of MSA; the stagnation of qi deficiency and the gradual damage to the eight extraordinary meridians are the key stages in the prolonged progression of MSA. The disease often begins with the involvement of the yin and yang qiao mai, governor vessel, thoroughfare vessel, and conception vessel before progressing to multiple meridian involvements, ultimately affecting all eight extraordinary meridians simultaneously. The treatment approach emphasizes that "the direct method may be used for joining battle, but indirect method will be needed in order to secure victory" and focuses on "eliminate pathogenic factors and reinforce healthy qi". Distinguishing the extraordinary meridians and focusing on the primary symptoms are pivotal to improving efficacy. Clinical treatment is aimed at the target, and tailored treatment based on careful clinical observation ensures precision in targeting the disease using the eight extraordinary meridians as the framework and core symptoms as the specific focus. Additionally, combining acupuncture, daoyin therapy, and other method may help prolong survival. This article classifies clinical manifestations based on the theory of the eight extraordinary meridians and explores treatment.

Objective To analyze the composition patterns and indications of formulas containing the herbal pair of Bupleuri Radix and Scutellariae Radix(abbreviated as herbal pair Chaihu-Huangqin).Methods With Zhong Yi Fang Ji Da Ci Dian(Encyclopedia of Chinese Medicinal Formulas)as the data source,formulas containing herbal pair Chaihu-Huangqin were screened.Excel 2019,SPSS Modeler,and Cytoscape were employed to investigate the composition patterns and indications of the formulas containing the herbal pair.Results A total of 928 formulas containing the herb pair were identified,involving 293 herbs.Beyond Bupleuri Radix and Scutellariae Radix,high-frequency herbs of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Paeoniae Radix Alba,Pinelliae Rhizoma,Gardeniae Fructus,and Poria are the primary ingredients of formulas containing herbal pair Chaihu-Huangqin.The herbs as the ingredient combinations were predominantly cold in nature and were bitter,pungent,or sweet in flavors,primarily acting on the liver and lung meridians.Association rule analysis revealed that herbal pair Chaihu-Huangqin was frequently use together with herbal groups of"Pinelliae Rhizoma-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma"and"Poria-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma".Formulas containing herbal pair Chaihu-Huangqin were indicated for 184 kinds of diseases,in particular for exogenous febrile diseases,heat syndrome,and ocular disorders.Complex network analysis and dosage analysis indicated that common combined herbs of Pinelliae Rhizoma,Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Gardeniae Fructus,and Puerariae Lobatae Radix were indicated for exogenous febrile diseases;common combined herbs of Paeoniae Radix Rubra,Coptidis Rhizoma,and Gardeniae Fructus were indicated for heat syndrome;and common combined herbs of Plantaginis Semen,Cimicifugae Rhizoma,and Cassiae Semen were indicated for ocular disorders.The dosage ratio of Bupleuri Radix-Scutellariae Radix consistently maintained a 1∶1 ratio across all above indications.Conclusion The herbal pair Chaihu-Huangqin functions to harmonize shaoyang meridian and demonstrates broad clinical applicability.The data mining study has revealed its dominant indications and combinatorial patterns,which will provide evidence-based insights for modern clinical practice.

Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Constipation/therapy* ; Probiotics/therapeutic use* ; Patients

Production internship is an important teaching tache for undergraduate students to carry out engineering training by using professional skills, and it is a key starting point for fostering application-oriented talents in biotechnology. The Course Group of 'production internship of biotechnology majors' of Binzhou University is investigating application-oriented transformation for local regular colleges and universities, as well as fostering high-level application-oriented talents. By taking green fluorescent protein (GFP) polyclonal antibody as an example, the reform and practice on teaching content, teaching mode, assessment method, continuous improvement of curriculum were carried out. Moreover, the characteristics of the Yellow River Delta-Binzhou Biotechnology & Pharmaceutical Industrial Cluster were taken into account to intensify academic-enterprise cooperation. On one hand, this Course Group designed and rearranged the course contents, carried out essential training through online resources and platforms such as virtual simulation, and recorded, tracked and monitored the progress of production internship through practical testing and software platforms like 'Alumni State'. On the other hand, this Course Group established a practice-and application-oriented assessment method in the process of production internship and a dual evaluation model for continuous improvement. These reform and practices have promoted the training of application-oriented talents in biotechnology, and may serve as a reference for similar courses.
Humans ; Internship and Residency ; Curriculum ; Students ; Biotechnology

Objective:To evaluate the effect of lower limb neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on mechanical ventilation patients in intensive care unit (ICU).Methods:Databases including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, SinoMed, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang database were searched from inception to May 2021. Randomized controlled trails (RCT) about the influence of NMES of lower limbs in patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU were collected. Routine rehabilitation measures were implemented in the control group, while the combination of routine rehabilitation and NMES on the lower limbs was implemented in the observation group. The literature screening, data extracting, and bias risk assessment of included studies were conducted independently by two reviewers. RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform Meta-analysis. Funnel plot was used to test publication bias.Results:A total of 8 RCT were eventually enrolled. The literature quality evaluation results showed that 1 study was grade A and 7 studies were grade B, suggesting that the quality of the included literature was relatively high. The Meta-analysis results showed that NMES in the lower extremities could effectively shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation in ICU patients [standardized mean difference ( SMD) = -0.51, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was -0.72 to -0.31, P < 0.000 01], increase the maximum inspiratory pressure [MIP; mean difference ( MD) = 14.19, 95% CI was 9.30 to 19.09, P < 0.000 01], and improve the functional status of critically ill patients [functional status score for ICU (FSS-ICU); MD = 10.44, 95% CI was 3.12 to 17.77, P = 0.005] with statistically significances. However, there were no significant advantages in increasing the Medical Research Council (MRC) score ( MD = 2.13, 95% CI was -1.38 to 5.63, P = 0.23), reducing ICU mortality [relative risk ( RR) = 0.80, 95% CI was 0.51 to 1.24, P = 0.31], shortening length of ICU stay ( MD = -0.54, 95% CI was -3.67 to 2.59, P = 0.74), and the combined effect was not statistically significant. Funnel plot based on the duration of mechanical ventilation showed that the distribution of included articles was basically symmetrical, and no publication bias was detected. Conclusions:NMES of the lower limbs can not only shorten the ventilation duration effectively, but also improve the MIP and functional status of mechanically ventilated patients in ICU. However, it has no significant effect on the MRC score, ICU mortality and length of ICU stay of patients with mechanical ventilation. In the future, high-quality, large sample size and multi-center RCT are needed to verify the effects of NMES.

Objective To establish an assay method for monohydroxy carbamazepine, the active metabolite of oxcarbazepine, in human plasma. Methods Ornidazole was used as the internal standard. Plasma samples were processed with methanol and analyzed by HPLC. The column was ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C₁₈(150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with the mobile phase of water-acetonitrile (80∶20, V/V) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. Dual wavelength detection is applied. The detection wavelength of monohydroxy carbamazepine was set at 192 nm and ornidazole at 318 nm. Results There was an excellent liner relationship for monohydroxy carbamazepine from 2 to 50 μg/ml(r= 0.998 6). The limit of quantification was 2 μg/ml with the range of accuracy between 95.57% and 100.59%. The RSD of intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 15%. The average extraction recovery rate of MHC and internal standard were in the range of 89.62% to 98.76%. The RSD of stability was less than 6%. Conclusion This method is specific, sensitive, and easy to operate. It is suitable for the clinical assay of monohydroxy carbamazepine in human plasma.

Objective Based on the data of gemcitabine adverse reactions (ADR), the characteristics and patterns of ADR occurrence were analyzed. The guidance for the rational clinical use of gemcitabine was provided. Methods From our information system, the patients treated by gemcitabine chemotherapy from September 2008 to September 2018 were selected and their related ADRs were summarized and statistically analyzed by using SPSS 18.0. Results Among the 750 cases, there were 312 ADRs related to gemcitabine treatment, of which the incidence of ADR was higher in female patients than in male patients (48.68% vs 36.77%) and the highest incidence in the age group of 50-69 years (44.14%). The patients with lower status (KPS) scores were more sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs, and more likely to develop ADR. During the combination therapy, gemcitabine+paclitaxel chemotherapy had the highest incidence of ADR (61.54%) and the highest incidence of ADR in thymic carcinoma (62.50%), followed by hematological and reproductive system tumors (58.62% and 57.14%, respectively); ADR involvement in organs/systems is mainly caused by hematological toxicity. The bone marrow suppression is common, followed by digestive system damage. The major clinical symptoms were nausea and vomit. Conclusion Gemcitabine-related ADR has a large individualized difference and is affected by many factors. Chemotherapy should be used according to individual conditions to improve clinical safety and rational use of drugs.

Objective To establish an assay method for unbound teicoplanin in plasma by centrifugal ultrafiltration combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Methods Protein was removed from plasma by a Centrifree^® ultrafiltration device. The ultrafiltrate was injected to determine the unbound concentration of teicoplanin. Endeadvorsil^TM C₁₈ column (1.8 μm, 50 mm×2.1 mm) was used with gradient elution of acetonitrile and 0.02 mol/L ammonium acetate solution (containing 0.1% formic acid). The detection was performed on a triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)mode via electro spray ionization (ESI). Results The calibration curve of unbound teicoplanin in plasma was linear over the range of 0.10 to 8.00 μg/ml (r=0.999). The intra-assay precision and the inter-assay precision of samples didn't exceed 7.00%. The average relative recovery ratio was 97.9%, and the matrix effect factor was 0.97. The samples had good stability after being stored at room temperature for 10 h or at −20 ℃ for 15 days, and freeze-thawed 3 times (RSDs were all within 6.50%). Conclusion This method is convenient, fast, sensitive and accurate. It provided a basis for clinical development of teicoplanin unbound concentration monitoring.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of preventing and treatment of pharmaceuticals on intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) by systematic review.Methods:The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning pharmaceutical prevention and treatment about ICU-AW in SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang data, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMbase, and other sources were searched from their foundation to May 30th, 2019. The patients in the intervention group were treated with drugs to prevent or treat ICU-AW; and those in control group were treated with other rehabilitation methods. Data searching, extracting and quality evaluation were assessed by two reviewers independently. Stata 12.0 software was then used for Meta-analysis. Only descriptive analysis was conducted when only one study was enrolled.Results:A total of 11 RCTs were enrolled with 1 865 patients in the intervention group and 1 894 in the control group. The results of quality evaluation showed that 4 studies were A-level and 7 studies were B-level, indicating that the overall quality of the enrolled literature was high. Meta-analysis showed that intensive insulin therapy could prevent ICU-AW [relative risk ( RR) = 0.761, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 0.662-0.876, P = 0.000], but reduced phenylalanine loss (nmol·100 mL -1·min -1: -3±3 vs. -11±3, P < 0.05) and glutamine intake (nmol·100 mL -1·min -1: -97±22 vs. -51±13, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the prevention and treatment of ICU-AW between other drugs (including growth hormone, glutamine, dexmedetomidine, neostigmine, oxandrolone, and intravenous immunoglobulin) and control group. Conclusions:Intensive insulin therapy can prevent ICU-AW, but the risk of hypoglycemia will increase. Other drugs including growth hormone, glutamine, dexmedetomidine, neostigmine, oxandrolone, and intravenous immunoglobulin have no obvious advantages in the prevention and treatment of ICU-AW, so no drug has been recommended to prevent and treat ICU-AW.