Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most prevalent primary malignant bone tumor affecting children and adolescents. Despite ongoing research efforts, the 5-year survival rate has remained stagnant for many years, highlighting the critical need for novel drug development to enhance current treatment protocols. Ziyuglycoside II (ZYG II), a triterpenoid saponin extracted from S. officinalis, has recently demonstrated antitumor properties. This study evaluates the antitumor effect of ZYG II on osteosarcoma and elucidates its mechanism of action through the co-regulation of p53 and estrogen-related receptor gamma (ESRRG), which inhibits disease progression. The research employs in vitro experiments using multiple established osteosarcoma cell lines, as well as in vivo studies utilizing a nude mouse model of orthotopic xenograft osteosarcoma. Additionally, ESRRG shRNA was used to construct stable ESRRG-reducing OS cell lines to investigate the molecular mechanism by which ZYG II exerts its anti-osteosarcoma effects through the co-regulation of ESRRG and p53. Results indicate that ZYG II administration led to decreased OS cell viability and reduced tumor volumes. Furthermore, cell cycles were arrested at the G₀/G₁ phase, while the proportion of apoptotic cells increased. Expression of p53, ESRRG, p21, Bax, Cleaved Caspase-9, and Cleaved Caspase-3 proteins increased, while expression of CDK4, Cyclin D1, and Bcl-2 proteins decreased. Multiple ZYG II and ESRRG docking patterns were simulated through molecular docking. Comparing the pharmacodynamic response of ZYG II to OS cell lines with reduced ESRRG and normal expression demonstrated that ZYG II inhibits osteosarcoma progression, induces cell cycle arrest, and promotes cell apoptosis through the coordination of p53 and ESRRG. In conclusion, ZYG II inhibits osteosarcoma progression, leads to cell cycle arrest, and promotes cell apoptosis through synergistic regulation of p53 and ESRRG.
Osteosarcoma/physiopathology* ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics* ; Humans ; Animals ; Saponins/chemistry* ; Bone Neoplasms/physiopathology* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Mice, Nude ; Mice ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Receptors, Estrogen/genetics* ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Female ; Male ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Objective To construct and preliminarily apply a graded exercise rehabilitation program for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD),and to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific implementation of exercise rehabilitation by medical staff.Methods Based on Triangle model and evidence-based method,the first draft of the graded exercise rehabilitation program was constructed,and the items were revised through 2 rounds of expert consultations from March to October,2023.The graded exercise rehabilitation program was preliminarily applied in 10 patients with AECOPD.Results The effective recovery rates of the 2 rounds of expert consultation questionnaires were 100％;the expert authority coefficients were 0.857 and 0.863;the coefficients of variation were 0-0.285 and 0.052-0.244;the Kendall's harmony coefficients were 0.167 and 0.145,respectively(all P＜0.001).The final plan includes 4 first-level indicators,13 second-level indicators,and 25 third-level indicators.The scores of 6 min walking test,mMRC and CAT after exercise were improved compared with those before exercise,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The graded exercise rehabilitation program for patients with AECOPD constructed in this study has good scientificity and practicability,which can provide references for clinical implementation of exercise rehabilitation.

Objective To understand and assess the quality status of national drug sampling inspection in 2022 and the possible risks of drug quality.Methods With the aim of identifying issues and preventing risks,a sampling model of"dispersed sampling,centralized inspection,exploratory research,and comprehensive evaluation"was used to review the historical inspection data of national drug sampling.The overall quality and potential risks of national drug sampling in 2022 were analyzed,with a focus on identifying and examining the main quality problems and risks.Results The average pass rate of the sampling inspection in 2022 was 99.4% .The overall safety situation of China's post-marketing drug quality is stable and manageable,indicating that the drug quality is at a high level.Conclusions By carrying out exploratory studies related to drug safety,authenticity,and efficacy,national sampling plays an important role in comprehensively evaluating the quality status of drugs.It aids in improving the quality control level of drug varieties and industry standards,strengthening quality and safety supervision,combating illegal practices such as adulteration and falsification,and providing public warnings about drug safety.

Objective:To investigate molecular mechanisms underlying the inflammatory response induced by Cutibacterium acnes ( C. acnes) biofilms in human primary keratinocytes. Methods:A C. acnes biofilm model was established in vitro, and confocal fluorescence microscopy was performed to examine its three-dimensional structure. The cultured human primary keratinocytes were divided into 3 groups: a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) control group (treated with 0.01% DMSO alone), a C. acnes suspension group (co-incubated with C. acnes suspensions), and a C. acnes biofilm group (co-incubated with C. acnes biofilms). Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to determine the relative mRNA expression of interleukin (IL) -6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α in the groups after 6-hour culture, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect the free protein levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in the groups after 24-hour culture, and Western blot analysis to determine the protein expression of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in keratinocytes. In addition, some human primary keratinocytes were pretreated with key molecular blockers targeting the TLR2/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) /nuclear factor (NF) -κB signaling pathway (C29, ST2825, BAY11-7082, SB203580, U0126-EtOH), and then co-incubated with C. acnes biofilms; the DMSO control group and the C. acnes biofilm group receiving no pretreatment were simultaneously set as negative and positive controls, respectively. The mRNA and free protein expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were then detected in the above groups. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparisons among multiple groups, and the Bonferroni method was used for multiple comparisons. Results:Confocal fluorescence microscopy demonstrated a three-dimensional C. acnes biofilm structure resembling a lawn, and the biofilm grew well. RT-qPCR and ELISA showed significant differences in the mRNA and free protein expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α among the C. acnes biofilm group, C. acnes suspension group and DMSO control group (mRNA: F = 89.70, 312.17, 46.09, respectively, all P < 0.001; free protein: F = 886.12, 634.25, 307.01, respectively, all P < 0.001) ; in detail, the mRNA and free protein expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were significantly higher in the C. acnes biofilm group than in the C. acnes suspension group and DMSO control group (all P < 0.001) ; the C. acnes suspension group showed significantly increased expression levels of IL-6 mRNA and TNF-α free protein compared with the DMSO control group ( P < 0.001, = 0.003, respectively), while there were no significant differences in the expression of IL-6 free protein, TNF-α mRNA, or IL-8 mRNA and free protein between the 2 groups (all P > 0.05). Western blot analysis showed that the TLR2 protein expression was significantly higher in the C. acnes suspension group and C. acnes biofilm group than in the DMSO control group. After the pretreatment with molecular blockers targeting the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway and co-incubation with C. acnes biofilms, the mRNA and free protein expression levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were all significantly lower in the C29 group, ST2825 group, BAY11-7082 group, SB203580 group, U0126-EtOH group, as well as in the DMSO control group compared with the C. acnes biofilm group (all P < 0.05) . Conclusion:The C. acnes biofilms exhibited a strong ability to induce inflammatory responses in human keratinocytes, possibly through the activation of the TLR2/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the inhibitory effect of deoxyribonuclease Ⅰ (DNaseⅠ) on Cutibacterium acnes biofilms. Methods:Cutibacterium acnes biofilms were constructed, and then were divided into 4 groups (negative control group, 5, 10 and 20 U/ml DNase Ⅰ groups) to be treated with DNase Ⅰ at different concentrations of 0, 5, 10 and 20 U/ml respectively. The biofilm viability was evaluated by tetrazolium salt colorimetric assay, the biofilm content was determined by crystal violet staining-based semi-quantitative analysis, the biofilm structure was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy, and the live/dead bacteria ratio was calculated. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze differences between groups. Results:After the treatment with DNase Ⅰ, the biofilm viability was significantly inhibited in the 5, 10 and 20 U/ml DNaseⅠ groups (1.882 ± 0.421, 1.653 ± 0.287, 1.473 ± 0.154, respectively) compared with the negative control group (2.668 ± 0.245), and the inhibitory effect was gradually enhanced with the increase in concentrations of DNase Ⅰ ( F = 9.68, P = 0.005). Crystal violet semi-quantitative analysis showed that the biofilm content was also significantly lower in the 5, 10 and 20 U/ml DNaseⅠ groups (1.039 ± 0.003, 0.489 ± 0.079, 0.147 ± 0.034, respectively) than in the negative control group (1.359 ± 0.071), and the higher the DNase Ⅰ concentration, the lower the biofilm content ( F = 174.40, P < 0.001). Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that the biofilm structure was destroyed in the 5, 10 and 20 U/ml DNase Ⅰ groups compared with the negative control group, and the higher the DNase Ⅰ concentration, the more severe the destruction of biofilm structure. Additionally, the live/dead bacteria ratio was significantly lower in the 5, 10 and 20 U/ml DNaseⅠ groups (2.303 ± 0.457, 1.534 ± 0.526, 1.263 ± 0.354, respectively) than in the negative control group (4.475 ± 0.146), and the ratio decreased with the increase in concentrations of DNase Ⅰ ( F = 56.75, P < 0.000 1) . Conclusion:DNase Ⅰ had a destructive effect on the structure of Cutibacterium acnes biofilms, and could inhibit their viability.

【Objective】 To establish a platelet donor database with HPA and HLA high resolution results in Hefei area, and to analyze the appropriate pool capacity, so as to provide support for patients with immune PTR transfusion difficulties. 【Methods】 The HPA-1-6, -10, -15 and 21 genotypes of 1157 voluntary blood donors in Hefei were analyzed by multiplex PCR and the frequencies were calculated. HLA-A, -B high resolution gene frequency and haplotype frequency in 1115 voluntary blood donors in Hefei were calculated using maximum expected value method. 【Results】 Hefei database of platelet donors was established according to the analysis of HPA and HLA high-resolution gene polymorphisms in Hefei population.In the donor pool with 1 157 cases of known genotypes HPA-1-6, -10, -15, -21, about 91% of patients can find an donor with full-matched HPA genotype. In the donor pool with 1 115 cases of known HLA-A, -B high-resolution genotype, the probability of finding at least one identical donor is about 60%. 【Conclusion】 The local-suitable database of platelet donors with known HPA and HLA genotypes in Hefei has been established. After analysis, this database basically meets the needs of patients with immune PTR to find suitable platelets.

Objective:To investigate the effect of different incubation time of aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on photodynamic inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes biofilms. Methods:Propionibacterium acnes biofilms were formed in 24-well plates with pre-placed cell slides and 96-well plates. The formation of the biofilm structure was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) , and the growth activity of the biofilm was assessed by the tetrazolium salt XTT assay. The in vitro successfully constructed biofilm models were divided into 6 groups: negative control group receiving neither ALA treatment nor LED radiation, ALA group incubated with ALA alone for 30 minutes, LED group receiving LED radiation alone, ALA-PDT1 group, ALA-PDT2 group and ALA-PDT3 group incubated with ALA for 15, 30 and 60 minutes respectively followed by LED radiation. After the treatment, CLSM was performed to observe the biofilm structure, as well as to determine the dead/living bacteria ratio, and XTT assay to assess the growth activity of the biofilm. Differences among groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference- t test. Results:CLSM showed that the Propionibacterium acnes biofilm model was successfully constructed in vitro. The dead/living bacteria ratios were 0.90 ± 0.16, 1.75 ± 0.19, and 2.57 ± 0.32 in the ALA-PDT1 group, ALA-PDT2 group and ALA-PDT3 group respectively, which were significantly higher than the dead/living bacteria ratio in the negative control group (0.31 ± 0.01; t= 55.56, 138.62, 74.64, respectively, all P<0.001) ; the biofilm viability value was significantly lower in the ALA-PDT1 group, ALA-PDT2 group and ALA-PDT3 group (0.35 ± 0.02, 0.26 ± 0.02, 0.18 ± 0.01, respectively) than in the negative control group (0.43 ± 0.00; t= 35.66, 2.64, 110.96, respectively, all P < 0.001) . CLSM showed that the structure of the Propionibacterium acnes biofilm was destroyed under the action of ALA-PDT, and the destruction was aggravated with the prolongation of incubation time of ALA. Conclusion:The prolongation of incubation time of ALA can enhance the inhibitory effect of ALA-PDT on Propionibacterium acnes biofilms.

【Objective】 To study the distribution and haplotype polymorphism of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1 alleles in Anhui Han population. 【Methods】 The HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1 genotyping of 3 169 random unrelated stem cell donors was performed by PCR-SBT. The allele frequency, haplotype frequency and linkage imbalance parameters were calculated by counting method, maximum expectation algorithm and PyPop software. 【Results】 A total of 411 HLA alleles were detected in the population, of which 67, 143, 65, 75 and 64 alleles were detected for HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1, respectively. The alleles with frequency >0.1 were HLA-A^*11∶01, A^*11∶01, A^*24∶02, A^*02∶01, C^*01∶02, C^*07∶02, C^*06∶02, DRB1^*09∶01, DRB1^*15∶01, DRB1^*07∶01, DQB1^* 03∶01, DQB1^* 03∶03, and DQB1^*02∶01. 1426 HLA-A~HLA-B, 1 772 HLA-B~HLA-DRB1, 798 HLA-B~HLA-C, and 446 HLA-DRB1~HLA-DQB1 haplotypes were detected. The haplotypes showed linkage imbalance, and 19 of them showed strong linkage imbalance (RLD>0.80). 【Conclusion】 The frequency and haplotype distribution of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles in Anhui Han population were obtained. The distribution of those alleles and haplotypes have their own characteristics.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the most prominent causes of chronic liver diseases and malignancies. However, few therapy has been approved. Radix Bupleuri (RB) is the most frequently used herbal medicine for the treatment of liver diseases. In the current study, we aim to systemically evaluate the therapeutic effects of saikosaponin A (SSa) and saikosaponin D (SSd), the major bioactive monomers in RB, against NAFLD and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that both SSa and SSd improved diet-induced NAFLD. Integrative lipidomic and transcriptomic analysis revealed that SSa and SSd modulated glycerolipid metabolism by regulating related genes, like

Objective To investigate the effect of allogeneic transfusion and preoperative autologous blood donation on perioperative cellular immunity and humoral immunity in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms.Methods Sixty gastrointestinal cancer patients undergoing radical surgery,33 males and 27 females,aged 53 69 years,weighing 47-70 kg,ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,were included in this study.Blood transfusion was started when the blood loss was more than 200～400 ml,Hb＜70 g/L,and the patients were randomly divided into the preoperative autologous blood donation group (group P,n =30):intraoperative blood transfusion using the stored autologous blood transfusion;allogeneic blood transfusion group (group A,n =30):allogeneic blood transfusion.The levels of T lymphocyte subsets,NK cells and IL-2,IL-10,TNF-α,perforin (PF) concentration and plasma immunoglobulin IgG,IgA and IgM levels.Results The percentage of CD3+,CD4+,NK cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in group A at the end of surgery to 7 d after operation were significantly lower than those at the time of admission (P＜0.05).The percentage of CD3+,CD4+ (P＜ 0.05).The level of IL-2 in group A was significantly lower than that in group P (P＜0.05) 1-7 d after operation,and the level of IL-10 in group A was significantly higher than that in group P (P＜ 0.05).The levels of IgG and IgA 3 d after operation in group A were significantly lower than those in group P (P＜0.05).The levels of IgG and IgA in group P were significantly decreased at the end of operation and recovered to preoperative levels 1-3 d after operation (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Allogeneic blood transfusion can reduce the percentage of T-cell subsets and NK cells in cancer patients and delay their recovery,and also can transiently reduce the content of immunoglobulin IgG and IgA in plasma and thus affect the immune function of patients.However,the preoperative autologous blood donation has a slight effect on postoperative immune function in cancer patients.