Objective To compare the efficacy of intrapartum surgery and non-intrapartum surgery for congenital abdominal wall defects disease.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical da-ta of 20 children with congenital abdominal wall defect disease admitted to this hospital from 2012 to 2024.According to the time and approach of surgery,the patients were divided into the intrapartum surgery group(n=9)and the non-intrapartum surgery group(n=11).The intrapartum surgery group included 4 cases of gastroschisis and 5 cases of omphalocele,while the non-intrapartum surgery group included 2 cases of gastros-chisis and 9 cases of omphalocele.The short-term efficacy indicators(duration of intensive care,ventilator weaning time,antibiotic use time,first feeding time,hospital stay,hospitalization cost of infants,and the inci-dence of recovery,Ⅰ stage suturing,use of patches,postoperative complications in infants,as well as the hospital stay,hospitalization costs,and incidence of postoperative complications in postpartum women and long-term prognosis indicators(growth retardation,low body weight in infants)were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the non-intrapartum surgery group,the intrapartum surgery group showed a shorter durations of intensive care,a earlier ventilator weaning time,a shorter antibiotic use time,and a higher cure rate of infants.However,maternal hospital stay and hospitalization costs were longer or higher in the intrapartum surgery group,when compared with the non-intrapartum surgery group.There were no significant differences in the incidence of growth retardation and low body weight between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Intrapartum surgery achieves better efficacy than non-intrapartum surgery in treating congenital abdominal wall defect disease,but maternal health status and clinical needs should be considered.