Introduction: In Indonesia, anaemia is known to be extremely common in female adolescents. In addition, the problem of overweight/obesity in teenagers is becoming more prevalent, even in stunting locus areas. This study aimed to examine the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and haemoglobin levels among adolescent girls in Tangerang’s stunting locus area. Methods: This crosssectional study included 171 adolescent girls attending four junior and senior high schools in Tangerang’s stunting locus area. Adolescents who matched the inclusion criteria— healthy, having lived in Sukamantri for more than six months, and willing to participate were chosen by a multistage cluster sampling procedure. Body weight and fat were measured, and Z-score for BMI-for-age was determined. Haemoglobin levels were measured by the Mission Hb Testing System. Multiple linear regression test was applied for the analysis. Results: The prevalences of thinness/severe thinness, normal, and overweight/obesity were 5.3%, 70.8%, and 23.9%, respectively. There were 20% of anaemic girls. Among anaemic girls, there were 26% overweight/obese and no thin/very thin girls. A weak, negative correlation between BMI with haemoglobin levels was observed (R2=0.054, p<0.001). Conclusion: The correlation between BMI and haemoglobin level was weak in our sample of adolescent girls in the stunting locus area. The current study emphasised the importance of additional research that includes several haematological and inflammatory biomarkers to better understand the complex relationship between nutritional status and haemoglobin level.

CYTOTOXICITY AND CHARACTERISATION OF POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE DENTURE BASE ENHANCED WITH LINSEED OIL (PMMA-L) Objectives: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is a widely used polymer for a denture base material. Dibutyl phthalate was previously utilised as a synthetic plasticiser in PMMA, but concerns about ester leaching have raised awareness of using organic plasticisers, such as linseed oil. The objective of this research was to assess the cytotoxic effects of linseed oil and to characterise the experimental polymethyl methacrylate enhanced with linseed oil (PMMA-L). Method: The cytotoxicity of linseed oil (LO) was evaluated by exposing Human Gingival Fibroblast (HGF) cells to different linseed oil concentrations (1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10%) for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Afterwards, cell viability was measured with the WST-1 assay, and a spectrophotometer was used for cell quantification. Five groups of PMMA-L were prepared, each containing different percentages of linseed oil (1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10% by weight). These samples underwent an ageing process involving 5,000 cycles of thermocycling between 5°C and 55°C with a 30-second dwell time. Compositional and leaching analyses of PMMA-L were performed using attenuated total reflection fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Results: The results from the WST-1 assay consistently showed cell viability exceeding 95% across all doses and incubation periods, indicating the non-cytotoxicity of LO. Composition analysis revealed that the ATR-FTIR spectra of PMMA-L and linseed oil were identical within the C=C stretching vibration range (1536-1652 cm-1), originating from unsaturated triglyceride compounds found in linseed oil but not in PMMA. Additionally, the leaching analysis did not detect any leaching of linseed oil from PMMA-L. Conclusions: The research offers proof of the non-cytotoxic nature of linseed oil. Moreover, the successful creation of PMMA-L is evident, as indicated by the incorporation of the linseed oil component in PMMA-L and the absence of linseed oil in the leaching analysis.

Background: Burnout has become a problem that is increasing among doctors. Burnout syndrome consists of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, which results from the accumulation of stress in a workplace. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of burnout among resident doctors in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 230 resident doctors at King Salman Armed Forces Hospital in Northwestern Region in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia between September 2020 and January 2021. Data were collected by using a self-administered questionnaire. The Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel (MBI-HSS (MP)) was used to measure burnout. Sources of stress were assessed by 20 items. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to examine the factors associated with burnout. Results: The overall prevalence of burnout was 89.1%. This study found that 32.2% of participants scored high on all the subscales. Burnout was associated with gender (p=0.012), chronic disease (p=0.018), level of training (p<0.05), dissatisfaction with work-life balance (p<0.001), work overload (p<0.001), and sources of stress in the workplace (p<0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of burnout among medical residents in Tabuk was high. Burnout was mainly associated with work-related sources of stress. There is a need for a comprehensive assessment of burnout and stress among medical residents at different levels and specialties. Thus, these findings may help diagnose such problems earlier and trace them to find better solutions,

Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare, severe and rapidly progressive life-threatening clinical disease which is commonly caused by streptococci. However, the disease caused by Pasteurella multocida is infrequently reported. Here, we report a rare case of a 85-year-old Malay man who developed septicaemia secondary to necrotizing fasciitis post viper bite. P. multocida was isolated from pus, tissue and blood cultures. A post viper bite was the only risk factor and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of P. multocida necrotizing fasciitis secondary to viper bite.