Objective The study aimed to elucidate the population composition and seasonal distribution characteristics of mosquitoes in Laoshan District, Qingdao City, providing a scientific basis for the prevention and control of mosquito-borne infectious diseases. Methods Mosquito surveillance was conducted in Laoshan District in Qingdao City using light traps from April to November 2020-2022. Dominant mosquito species were identified using the Berger-Parker dominance index(I)and mosquito density was compared using the Kruskal-Wallis H test. The seasonal distribution characteristics of adult mosquitoes were analyzed using concentration and circular distribution method. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to study the relationship between mosquito populations and meteorological factors with mean monthly temperature, mean monthly relative humidity, and mean monthly rainfall. Results The mean mosquito density for the trapping period was 9.771 females/(trap·night)in 2020,9.771 in 2021, and 9.427 in 2022. There was no statistically significant difference in mosquito density between different years(H = 0.095, P = 0.954). In total, 2 781 adult female mosquitoes comprising five species from four genera were captured over three years. Culex pipiens(I = 0.654), Aedes albopictus(I = 0.202), and Aedes aegypti(I = 0.118)were identified as dominant species. Seasonal fluctuations in the adult mosquitoes were unimodal, and primarily concentrated from June to September. The peak period of adult mosquito varied between years with statistical significance. (F = 3.838, P ＜ 0.05). Mosquito density was highly correlated with mean monthly temperature, mean monthly relative humidity and mean monthly precipitation(P＜ 0.05). Conclusions Cx. pipiens pallens, Ae. albopictus, and Ar. inamoratus are the dominant mosquito species in the Laoshan District of Qingdao City. The activity of adult mosquitoes is seasonal, and primarily concentrated in summer and autumn, during which the risk of mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue fever is increased.

Objective:To conduct a scoping review of the role responsibilities and competencies of oncology nurse specialist in the management of cutaneous immune-related adverse events (cirAEs), with a view to providing scientific guidance and reference for nursing practice in the field of oncology immunotherapy.Methods:Using the scoping review methodology as the framework, the relevant literatures on oncology nurse specialist in the management of cirAEs in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and China Biology Medicine from their inception to September 20, 2024 were systematically searched. Two researchers independently screened the included literature, extracted information, and conducted a summary analysis.Results:A total of 24 articles were included. Based on the summary and categorization of the literature, six categories were identified, including dynamic monitoring and assessment, classification and intervention of cirAEs, precise symptom management, multidisciplinary management, continuity of care, and specialized training, along with 18 related responsibility items.Conclusions:Oncology nurse specialist plays a significant role in the management of cirAEs. In the future, it should draw on the training models and curricula of advanced practice oncology nurses from abroad to optimize oncology nurse specialist training and nursing practices, thereby enhancing the professionalism of nursing services and the quality of patient care.

Purpose To investigate the expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP)in placental tissues of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and its role in lipid deposition in the placental trophoblast.Methods The pla-centa tissues of 16 GDM pregnant women and 25 women with normal glucose tolerance(NGT)were collected.Mean-while,in vitro models of high-glucose induced human chorionic trophoblast cells(HTR-8/SVneo)were established,which were divided into normal glucose control group(NG),high glucose group(HG),high glucose+si nonsense in-terference group(HG+siNC)and high glucose+TXNIP siRNA group(HG+siTXNIP).The pathological structure and morphological changes of placenta were observed by HE staining.Lipid droplet formation was detected by oil red O staining.The expression and localization of TXNIP in cells were detected by immunocytochemical EnVision method.The mRNA and protein expression levels of TXNIP and lipogenic protein SREBP1 were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot.The relationships between TXNIP expression and lipid droplet accumulation in-duced by high glucose was analyzed.Results High glucose results in abnormal placental structure of GDM.The area of human chorionic intervillous tissue in placenta of GDM group was decreased,the size of fetal capillaries was different and the lumen was dilated.Compared with those NGT group,the accumulation of lipid droplets and the expression of TXNIP mRNA and protein in placental tissue of GDM were increased(P＜0.05).The TXNIP and SREBP1 were up-regulated and the formation of droplets increased in high glucose induced HTR-8/SVneo cells(P＜0.05).On the con-trary,TXNIP siRNA transfection reversed the gene expression level and lipid deposition in high glucose induced cells(P＜0.05).Conclusion TXNIP is involved in abnormal lipid deposition in the placental trophoblast of GDM.

A 62-year-old female patient underwent medical thoracoscopic pleural biopsy for undiagnosed pleural effusion. Preoperative vital signs in the patient were stable, with no cardiovascular, cerebrovascular or neurological underlying diseases. During the procedure, midazolam 2 mg (0.045 mg/kg) and fentanyl 150 μg (3.3 μg/kg) were administered by intravenous injection for sedation and analgesia. Two minutes later, the patient developed respiratory depression, and her oxygen saturation decreased to 42%. Immediate jaw thrust maneuver followed by bag-valve-mask ventilation was initiated, and the spontaneous respiration resumed and oxygen saturation recovered (>90%) after 2 minutes, allowing successful biopsy of a pleural nodule. The patient was fully conscious in the immediate postoperative period, with normal ability of communication and mobility. However, at 6 hours postoperatively, she developed anterograde and retrograde amnesia, disorientation, sensation disorders, nausea, and retching. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed no significant abnormalities. These symptoms were considered to be related to transient higher cortical dysfunction induced by the sedative and analgesic agents. Given supportive treatments including fluid administration, the symptoms were gradually improved at 8 hours postoperatively, and resolved completely by 11 hours postoperatively.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of the short-penis treatment apparatus and wide-band infrared therapy apparatus on penile dysplasia (PDP) in children and establish objective parameters for assessing the severity of PDP. METHODS: This study included 252 children received in the Department of pediatric urology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January to December 2023, 102 with PDP (the PDP group) and the other 150 with normal penile development (the control group), those of the former group treated with the short-penis therapeutic apparatus and wide-band infrared therapy apparatus. Before and after 30 days of treatment, we measured the flaccid penile length (FPL), stretched penile length (SPL) and penile diameters (PD) of the children, and defined the penile dysplasia index as the FPL/SPL and FPL/PD ratios. RESULTS: The penile parameters exhibited statistically significant differences between the PDP and control groups, (FPL:［1.97±0.72］cm vs ［3.25±0.51］ cm, P<0.01; SPL:［3.80±0.81］cm vs ［5.21±0.79］cm,P<0.01).The FPL remarkably increased in the PDP group after treatment(［1.97±0.72］cm vs ［2.90±1.20］ cm, P<0.01). Both FPL and SPL were notably shorter in the PDP cases than in the controls, with the cutoff values of 0.57 and 2.09, sensitivities of 80.7% and 95.3%, and specificities of 69.6% and 82.4% for FPL/SPL and FPL/PD, respectively. CONCLUSION The short-penis therapeutic apparatus and wide-band infrared therapy apparatus can promote the growth and development of the penis in children. The ratio of FPL/PD can serve as an objective indicator to effectively describe the severity of penile developmental abnormalities.
Humans ; Male ; Penis/abnormalities* ; Child ; Penile Diseases/therapy* ; Child, Preschool ; Infant

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the impact of foam macrophages (FMs) on the intracellular survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and identify the molecular mechanisms influencing MTB survival. METHODS: An in vitro FM model was established using oleic acid induction. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were conducted to identify the key molecular pathways involved in FM-mediated MTB survival. RESULTS: Induced FMs effectively restricted MTB survival. Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling revealed distinct changes in gene and metabolite expression in FMs during MTB infection compared with normal macrophages. Integrated analyses identified significant alterations in the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway, indicating that its activation contributes to the FM-mediated restriction of MTB survival. CONCLUSIONS FMs inhibit MTB survival. The cAMP signaling pathway is a key contributor. These findings enhance the understanding of the role of FMs in tuberculosis progression, suggest potential targets for host-directed therapies, and offer new directions for developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against tuberculosis.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis/physiology* ; Transcriptome ; Metabolomics ; Foam Cells/microbiology* ; Humans ; Metabolome ; Tuberculosis/microbiology* ; Gene Expression Profiling

OBJECTIVES: To propose a hypothesis that aloe-emodin may inhibit scar tissue fibrosis through thrombospondin-1(THBS1)-PI3K-Akt pathway. METHODS: By cultivating fibroblasts derived from scar tissue after cleft palate surgery in humans, aloe emodin of different concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 μmol/L) was added to the cells which activity was detected. At the same time, transcriptome sequencing was performed on scar tissue and cells, and bioinformatics methods were used to explore potential targets and signaling pathways of scar tissue fibrosis. RESULTS: Aloe-emodin had a concentration dependent inhibitory effect on fibroblast proliferation,with the 40 μmol/L concentration group showing the most significant effect. The results of tissue and cell sequencing indicated that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in extracellular matrix-receptor interaction pathway, and shared a common differential gene which was THBS1. The ORA analysis results indicated that differentially expressed genes, including THBS1, were significantly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Aloe emodin may inhibit the PI3K-Akt pathway by downregulating THBS1, thereby reducing the proliferation activity of fibroblasts derived from postoperative palatal scar tissue.
Thrombospondin 1/genetics* ; Humans ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Fibroblasts/cytology* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Fibrosis ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Cicatrix/metabolism* ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Anthraquinones/pharmacology* ; Cells, Cultured

Objective To develop a hypoxia endurance testing system for aviation physiological training of pilots.Methods The hypoxia endurance testing system comprised a low-oxygen mixed gas generator,a pressurization system for low-oxygen mixed gas and a personal breathing apparatus.The low-oxygen mixed gas generator consisted of a main unit composed of an air compressor,a filter,a buffer tank,polymer membrane,a control module,sensors and regulators,wire cables,supporting hoses,etc.;the pressurization system for low-oxygen mixed gas was made up of a protective box,a cooling fan,a motor and a driver,a control module,a solenoid valve,a convergence block,a pressure gauge,etc.;the personal breating apparatus was composed of a gas cylinder,a pressure reducer,an oxygen supply regulator,etc.Forty-eight subjects were selected for hypoxia exposure tests to verify the effectiveness of the system.Results The system developed had the functions of low-oxygen gas preparation,pressurized filling and hypoxia experiment,and the experimental results indicated the acute hypoxia exposure by the system significantly caused signs and symptoms of hypoxia and weakened physiological functions.Conclusion The system developed gains advantages in high accuracy of gas volume fraction control,safety and remarkable effect of simulated hypoxia,and can be an effective tool for acute high-altitude hypoxia testing and training of pilots.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):23-28]