Objective: To estimate the incidence and mortality of lung cancer in 2021 and their trends from 2014 to 2021 within cancer registration areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, so as to provide the basis for formulating localized strategies for lung cancer prevention and control. Methods: The data on lung cancer cases in cancer registration areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2021 were collected from the China Cancer Registration, encompassing data from 55 registries within the region. Crude incidence and crude mortality were calculated by genders, urban/rural rareas, and ages. The Chinese population-standardized rate was calculated using the age structure of the standard population from the Fifth National Population Census in 2000, while the world population-standardized rate was calculated using Segi's world standard population. To assess the trends in Chinese population-standardized incidence and mortality of lung cancer from 2014 to 2021, data from nine qualifying cancer registries were analyzed using the average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: In 2021, within Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the crude, Chinese population-standardized, and world population-standardized incidences of lung cancer were 58.96/100 000, 31.58/100 000, and 31.50/100 000, respectively. The crude, Chinese population-standardized, and world population-standardized mortalities were 46.48/100 000, 24.65/100 000, and 24.36/100 000 , respectively. The Chinese population-standardized incidence and mortality of lung cancer were 1.59-fold and 1.88-fold higher in males compared to females, and 1.08-fold and 1.10-fold higher in urban areas relative to rural areas. The crude incidence and mortality of lung cancer reached their peaks at age of 80-<85 years (379.91/100 000 and 474.31/100 000, respectively). From 2014 to 2021, the Chinese population-standardized incidence of lung cancer in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region decreased from 43.28/100 000 to 31.41/100 000, showed a downward trend (AAPC=-3.312%, P<0.05), while the Chinese population-standardized mortality decreased from 31.55/100 000 to 24.11/100 000, showed no statistical significance (P>0.05). The Chinese population-standardized incidence of lung cancer in the group aged ≥75 years and the Chinese age-standardized mortality of lung cancer in the group aged 0-<45 years showed declining trends (AAPC=-4.307%, -7.355%, both P<0.05). Conclusions The disease burden of lung cancer in cancer registration areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has decreased, showing characteristics where the burden is higher in males than in females and slightly higher in urban areas than in rural areas. The elderly population represents a key group for lung cancer prevention and control.

This study identified blood-entering components of Anshen Dropping Pills and explored their anti-insomnia effects and mechanisms. The main blood-entering components of Anshen Dropping Pills were detected and identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. The rationality of the formula was assessed by using enrichment analysis based on the relationship between drugs and symptoms, and core targets of its active components were selected as the the potential anti-insomnia targets of Anshen Dropping Pills through network pharmacology analysis. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction(PPI) network, Gene Ontology(GO) enrichment analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway analysis were performed on the core targets. An active component-core target network for Anshen Dropping Pills was constructed. Finally, the effects of low-, medium-, and high-dose groups of Anshen Dropping Pills on sleep episodes, sleep duration, and sleep latency in mice were measured by supraliminal and subliminal pentobarbital sodium experiments. Moreover, total scores of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) scale was used to evaluate the changes before and after the treatment with Anshen Dropping Pills in a clinical study. The enrichment analysis based on the relationship between drugs and symptoms verified the rationality of the Anshen Dropping Pills formula, and nine blood-entering components of Anshen Dropping Pills were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. The network proximity revealed a significant correlation between eight components and insomnia, including magnoflorine, liquiritin, spinosin, quercitrin, jujuboside A, ginsenoside Rb_3, glycyrrhizic acid, and glycyrrhetinic acid. Network pharmacology analysis indicated that the major anti-insomnia pathways of Anshen Dropping Pills involved substance and energy metabolism, neuroprotection, immune system regulation, and endocrine regulation. Seven core genes related to insomnia were identified: APOE, ALB, BDNF, PPARG, INS, TP53, and TNF. In summary, Anshen Dropping Pills could increase sleep episodes, prolong sleep duration, and reduce sleep latency in mice. Clinical study results demonstrated that Anshen Dropping Pills could decrease total scores of PSQI scale. This study reveals the pharmacodynamic basis and potential multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway effects of Anshen Dropping Pills, suggesting that its anti-insomnia mechanisms may be associated with the regulation of insomnia-related signaling pathways. These findings offer a theoretical foundation for the clinical application of Anshen Dropping Pills.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/metabolism* ; Mice ; Network Pharmacology ; Male ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Humans ; Protein Interaction Maps/drug effects* ; Sleep/drug effects* ; Female ; Adult

The culture of suspended Vero cells is facing difficulties such as low cell viability and long doubling time. To investigate the main reasons for the slow growth and low viability of suspended Vero cells, this study conducted transcriptomic analysis of suspended Vero cells (Vero-XF) and adherent Vero cells (Vero-AD) to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) affecting the growth of suspended cells. In addition, epidermal growth factor (EGF) was supplemented to the culture system to improve the growth of Vero-XF. The results showed that compared with the Vero-AD group, the Vero-XF group had 7 376 significant DEGs. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in the autophagy and mitophagy pathways. Eleven DEGs were selected and verified by quantitative real-time PCR, which showed up-regulated expression of ATG9B, WIPI2, LAMP2, OPTN, Rab7a, and DEPTOR and down-regulated expression of ATG4D, being consistent with the results of transcriptomic analysis. In addition, the Vero-XF group showed significantly up-regulated expression of ATG101, ATG2A, and STX17 and insignificant change in the expression of NBR1, compared with the Vero-AD group. The protein levels of LC3 and P62 in Vero-XF and Vero-AD were determined by Western blotting, which showed up-regulated expression of LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ and down-regulated expression of P62 in Vero-XF, indicating a higher level of autophagy. Finally, the exogenous supplementation of EGF at 10, 20, and 30 μg/L in the culture system reduced the autophagy level of Vero-XF by 22.35%, 48.15%, and 71.29%, increased the specific growth rate by 15.48%, 33.33%, and 57.14%, and decreased the apoptosis rate by 2.84%, 15.46%, and 16.23%, respectively. The results of this study preliminarily reveal that the activation of autophagy is one of the reasons for the slow growth of Vero-XF, which provides reference for the subsequent culture of suspended Vero cells.
Animals ; Vero Cells ; Autophagy/genetics* ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology* ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Transcriptome ; Cell Survival

Spine fracture and dislocation are common traumatic spinal conditions that often require surgical intervention due to compromised spinal stability. Surgical approaches include anterior, posterior, and combined anterior-posterior spinal procedures. According to the specific surgical requirements, patients may be placed in the prone position or repositioned between prone and supine positions during surgery. Intraoperative repositioning has become an essential step in patient positioning. However, during repositioning, patients with spinal fracture and dislocation are at increased risk for complications such as hemodynamic instability, nerve injury, and pressure injuries to the skin and soft tissue. Notably, due to the instability of the spinal cord, even minor manipulations can further exacerbate the damage, potentially leading to severe outcomes like paraplegia. Although the current clinical guidelines provide instructive recommendations for standard position, there remains no specific protocols for intraoperative repositioning in patients with spine fracture and dislocation. With a concern for the lack of clinical studies on positioning techniques, risk prevention, and operational norms for special patients, no applicable guidelines or standards are available. A consensus was required to provide clinical reference, meet the requirements of surgical treatment, and minimize the safety risks of patients caused by improper placement of positions. Professional Committee of Operating Room Nursing of Shaanxi Nursing Association organized experts in nursing management and operating room nursing from major hospitals across China to formulate Expert consensus on intraoperative repositioning for patients with spinal fracture and dislocation ( version 2025). The consensus provides 11 recommendations covering pre-repositioning preparation, intraoperative maneuvers, and post-repositioning observation, aiming to provide references for clinical standardization of the intraoperative repositioning process and protection of patients′ safety.

This article presents a case study of a patient who visited the Geriatric Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital due to "palpitations, shortness of breath for more than 2 years, limb weakness for 6 months, edema, and nocturnal dyspnea for 2 months". The patient exhibited decreased muscle strength in the limbs and involvement of swallowing and respiratory muscles, alongside complications of heart failure and various arrhythmias which were predominantly atrial. Laboratory tests revealed the presence of multiple autoantibodies and notably anti-mitochondrial antibodies. Following a comprehensive multidisciplinary evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with anti-mitochondrial antibody-associated inflammatory myopathy. Treatment involved a combination of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants, along with resistance exercises for muscle strength and rehabilitation training for lung function, resulting in significant improvement of clinical symptoms. The case underscores the importance of collaborative multidisciplinary approaches in diagnosing and treating rare diseases in elderly patients, where careful consideration of clinical manifestations and subtle abnormal clinical data can lead to effective interventions.

Objective To design and synthesize novel Hsp90 inhibitors with dual functions of synergistically enhancing the antifungal activity of fluconazole （FLC） against drug-resistant fungi and anti-tumor activity based on the Hsp90 inhibitor Ganetespib. Methods The previous research found that Ganetespib had a good synergistic anti-resistant fungal activity with FLC, with a fractional inhibitory concentration index （FICI） of 0.023 to 0.039. In this study, structural modifications were made to Ganetespib by replacing its indole ring with a phenyl ring containing different substituents to design and synthesize a series of new compounds. The in vitro synergistic anti-resistant fungal activity against C. albicans 0304103 in combination with FLC, anti-tumor activity （against HEL, HL60 and A549 cells）, and Hsp90α inhibition activity were determined to explore their structure-activity relationship and mechanism of action. Results The chemical structures of 19 new compounds were confirmed by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and HRMS. Most of the compounds exhibited strong Hsp90α inhibitory activity, good synergistic activity against drug-resistant fungi in combination with FLC and anti-tumor activity. The substitution of electron-donating groups on the benzene ring was beneficial to enhancing the synergistic activity against drug-resistant fungi in combination with FLC. Among them, compounds F3 and F5 showed excellent synergistic activity against drug-resistant fungi in combination with FLC （FICI were both 0.047） and anti-tumor activity （IC₅₀ were 0.025 to 0.15 μmol/L and 0.021 to 0.23 μmol/L respectively）, and could down-regulate the expression levels of drug resistance genes and efflux pump genes in fungi, inhibit the formation of fungal biofilms, and arrest the cell cycle of HEL cells at G0/G1 phase. Conclusion The novel Hsp90 inhibitors such as F3 and F5 could both effectively exert the dual activities of synergizing with FLC to combat drug-resistant fungi and fight against tumors, which provided a new idea for the development of new drugs with dual functions of synergizing with FLC to combat drug-resistant fungi and fight against tumors.

[Purpose]To analyze the compliance of liver cancer clinical screening and related in-fluencing factors in Inner Mongolia from 2016 to 2018.[Methods]The liver cancer screening pro-gram was conducted among permanent residents aged 40～74 years old in Inner Mongolia from 2016 to 2018.The risk factor assessment questionnaire was used for primary screening,and the identified high-risk subjects of liver cancer were subject to undergo clinical screening including ul-trasound examination and serum AFP test.The clinical screening rate of high-risk subjects and de-tection rate were calculated and compared among different groups.Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze influencing factors related to the clinical screening rate of liver cancer.[Results]A total of 70 109 residents completed questionnaires risk assessments from 2016 to 2018,and 11 211 subjects were identified as high-risk of liver cancer with the high-risk rate of 15.99％.Among 11 211 high-risk subjects,4 998 underwent clinical screening with a screening rate of 44.58％.There were 125 cases of AFP positive(2.50％),11 cases of occupying lesions in the liver(0.22％),6 cases of cirrhosis(0.12％),and 2 303 cases of fatty liver(46.08％).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female,age of 45～54 years old,Mongolians and other ethnic minorities,individuals with vegetables intake＜2.5 kg/week and ≥2.5 kg/week,high-fat diet,history of smoking,smoking,alcohol drinking,history of tea-drinking,history of psychologi-cal trauma and stress in recent years,diseases of hepatobiliary system,and chronic hepatitis B were more likely to participate in clinical screening(all P＜0.05).[Conclusion]The screening com-pliance of high-risk population for liver cancer is low but the detection rate is high in Inner Mongo-lia from 2016 to 2018.The program mechanism should be improved to increase the liver cancer screening compliance.

Objective:To develop and validate clinical predictive models for identifying poor short-term response to recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) treatment in children with short stature.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 118 children diagnosed with growth hormone deficiency or idiopathic short stature who were treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and two other hospitals between January 1, 2020, and January 1, 2024. A poor response to rhGH was defined as a height increase of less than 0.2 standard deviation score(SDS) after 6 months of rhGH treatment. LASSO regression was used to identify predictive variables from baseline and follow-up data. Two logistic regression models were conducted: Model A(incorporating baseline variables only) and model B(incorporating both baseline and follow-up variables), and nomograms were created for visualization. External data and internal resampling were used for dual validation of the models, and their performance was compared.Results:A total of 118 children with short stature were included. Six baseline predictive variables(diagnosis, initial height SDS, bone age, bone age-chronological age difference, rhGH dose, and gender) and one follow-up variable(height SDS after 3 months of rhGH treatment) were identified. Area under the curve values for Model A and Model B were 0.753(95% CI 0.696-0.811) and 0.930(95% CI 0.891-0.975), respectively. Calibration curves, decision curve analysis, and other evaluation metrics demonstrated good discrimination and clinical utility for both models. Model B, incorporating the 3-month follow-up variable, showed superior predictive performance compared to Model A. Conclusions:The clinical prediction models developed in this study(Model A and Model B) are practical and reliable tools for quantitatively, conveniently, and intuitively identifying children with short stature at risk of poor response to rhGH treatment.

Objective:To analyze the changes in the costs of hospital rehabilitation after the reform of health insurance payments in the past 6 years, and to identify relevant factors which can provide a reference for the reform of the health insurance payment system in rehabilitation department.Methods:Information on 16, 827 patients hospitalized in the rehabilitation department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University between May 2018 and May 2024 was collected and subjected to non-parametric analysis.Results:The average hospitalization cost of rehabilitation department patients over the six years was Y14, 574.92±10, 524.79. During that time the proportion of the cost attributable to Western medicine decreased from 17.1% in 2018 to 7.6% in 2024. The proportion of the patients with hypertension was 51.94%, followed by diabetes mellitus (20.10%). Those with infections had the highest total hospitalization costs. Motor disorders were the most common dysfunction (59.02%), followed by speech disorders (17.45%). Patients with swallowing disorders had the highest hospitalization costs. After the payment system shifted from fee-for-service (FFS) to payment by diagnosis-related group (DRG) in 2023, the average daily inpatient expenditures for rehabilitation patients with all types of diseases gradually declined, reaching its lowest level in 2024.Conclusions:After the health insurance payments shifted from FFS to DRG, the proportion of in patients′ total drug costs decreased annually, and the average daily costs of patients with different types of diseases also decreased significantly, but the comprehensive service fee and diagnostic costs increased.

Objective:To compare the effects of intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding (IOE) and nasogastric tube feeding (NGT) on nutritional status, complications, swallowing function and airway protection in persons with post-stroke dysphagia (PSD).Methods:Sixty PSD patients were randomized into an observation group ( n=30) and a control group ( n=30). In addition to conventional medication and swallowing rehabilitation, the observation group received supplemental IOE nutrition, while the control group was given NGT. Before and after one month, both groups were evaluated using the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), and such nutritional indicators as body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin (Hb) levels, albumin (ALB), prealbumin (PAB), skinfold at the triceps (TSF) and arm muscle circumference (AMC) were measured. The morphology of each subject′s epiglottis, any edema of the arytenoid mucosa and vocal cord mobility were assessed using fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). Murray Secretion Scale ratings were documented, along with laryngeal sensation during swallowing, swallowing reflex, the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale, and the Rosenbek Penetration-aspiration Scale. Results:Both groups showed significant improvement in their average FOIS scores and all of the nutritional descriptors, but with significantly greater improvement in the observation group. Abnormalities in the shape of the epiglottis, arytenoid edema and vocal cord mobility had decreased significantly in both groups. This was also true of larynx sensation, swallowing reflex, pharyngeal secretions, residue and penetration/aspiration. On average the improvements were significantly greater in the observation group.Conclusion:Compared with NGT, IOE more effectively improves swallowing, enhances airway functioning and reduces NGT syndrome among PSD patients. These observations support its clinical adoption.