Objective: Patients with breathing-related sleep disorder (BRSD) often complain of psychiatric symptoms such as depression in addition to snoring, excessive sleepiness, and disturbed sleep. However, the relationship between psychiatric symptoms and severity of sleep apnea in BRSD is controversial. We conducted this study to investigate the relationship between psychiatric symptoms and sleep electroencephalography (EEG) findings in BRSD patients using spectral analysis. Methods: All participants underwent polysomnography and evaluation using Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) scale. We analyzed the absolute spectral power density values of standard EEG frequency bands in the participants (n = 169) with BRSD during the non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep period. We performed correlation analysis between the domain scores of SCL-90-R scale and the absolute values of the EEG frequency bands. Results: Significant positive correlation was observed between the absolute spectral power density values in the slow oscillation band and the degree of paranoid ideation (r = 0.226, p = 0.028) and depression (r = 0.216, p = 0.044) in SCL-90-R. The multiple linear regression model showed that higher paranoid ideation domain score (B = 0.007, p = 0.020), younger age (B = −0.011, p ＜ 0.001), and female sex (B = 0.213, p = 0.004) were associated with higher slow oscillation power during NREM sleep. Conclusion The results of the present study suggested a relationship between sleep EEG and psychiatric symptoms in patients with BRSD. This relationship needs to be validated with further studies.

Objective: Patients with breathing-related sleep disorder (BRSD) often complain of psychiatric symptoms such as depression in addition to snoring, excessive sleepiness, and disturbed sleep. However, the relationship between psychiatric symptoms and severity of sleep apnea in BRSD is controversial. We conducted this study to investigate the relationship between psychiatric symptoms and sleep electroencephalography (EEG) findings in BRSD patients using spectral analysis. Methods: All participants underwent polysomnography and evaluation using Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) scale. We analyzed the absolute spectral power density values of standard EEG frequency bands in the participants (n = 169) with BRSD during the non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep period. We performed correlation analysis between the domain scores of SCL-90-R scale and the absolute values of the EEG frequency bands. Results: Significant positive correlation was observed between the absolute spectral power density values in the slow oscillation band and the degree of paranoid ideation (r = 0.226, p = 0.028) and depression (r = 0.216, p = 0.044) in SCL-90-R. The multiple linear regression model showed that higher paranoid ideation domain score (B = 0.007, p = 0.020), younger age (B = −0.011, p ＜ 0.001), and female sex (B = 0.213, p = 0.004) were associated with higher slow oscillation power during NREM sleep. Conclusion The results of the present study suggested a relationship between sleep EEG and psychiatric symptoms in patients with BRSD. This relationship needs to be validated with further studies.

Purpose: This preliminary in-vitro study was designed to evaluate the risk factors of compression injury from use of a circular stapler for end-to-end anastomosis. Methods: Transparent collagen plates were prepared in dry and wet conditions. Physical properties of collagen plates and porcine colon tissue were examined using a rheometer. Adjustable and fixed-type circular staplers were applied on the collagen plates and the gap distance and compressive pressure were measured during anvil approximation. Tissue injury was evaluated using a compression injury scale. Compression properties were accessed to optimal or overcompression based on gap distance. Results: Unacceptable injuries were rarely observed on the dry collagens, regardless of compression device. In the adjustable compression, the compressibility ratio was similar between dry and wet collagen. Overcompression and unacceptable injury increased on the wet collagens. In the fixed compression, the compressibility ratio increased significantly and unacceptable injuries were observed in more than 50% of wet collagens. Peak pressure was significantly higher in the fixed-compression types than those of adjustable type. On bivariate correlation analysis, fixed-compression type and wet collagens were respectively associated with overcompression. On multivariate analysis, edematous collagen condition was the most important risk factor and proximal anvil side, fixed compression type, and overcompression were also independent risk factors for unacceptable compression injury. Conclusion In the edematous tissue condition, unintentional overcompression could be increased and result in tissue injury on the compression line of the circular stapler.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a highly prevalent disorder that affects millions of men and considered to be an early symptom of atherosclerosis and a precursor of various systemic vascular disorders. The aim of the present study was to prepare ginsenoside Re enriched fraction (GS-F3K1, ginsenoside Re 10%, w/w) from ginseng berries flesh and to investigate the enhanced activities of GS-F3K1 on alcohol-induced ED. GS-F3K1 was prepared by the continuous liquid and solid separating centrifugation and circulatory ultrafiltration from ginseng berries flesh. GS-F3K1 was administered for 5 weeks in ethanol-induced ED rat by oral administration of 20% ethanol. To investigate the effects of GS-F3K1 on ED model, the levels of nitrite expression, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and erectile response of the penile corpus cavernosum of rat were measured. The erectile response of the corpus cavernosum was restored after GS-F3K1 administration, to a level similar to the normal group. The level of nitrite and cGMP expression in the corpus cavernosum of GS-F3K1-administered male rats was increased significantly compared to positive control group. GS-F3K1 from ginseng berries should effectively restore ethanol-induced ED in male rats and could be developed as a new functional food for the elderly men.
Administration, Oral ; Aged ; Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; Centrifugation ; Erectile Dysfunction* ; Ethanol ; Fruit* ; Functional Food ; Guanosine Monophosphate ; Humans ; Male ; Panax* ; Rats ; Ultrafiltration

Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a safe alternative to open surgical repair for an abdominal aortic aneurysm. However, unfavorable aortic anatomy of the aneurysm has restricted the widespread use of EVAR. Anatomic limitation is most often related to characteristics of the proximal neck anatomy. In this report, we described a patient with a severely angulated proximal neck who underwent EVAR, but required repeat intervention because of thrombotic occlusion of stent graft limbs.
Aneurysm ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal* ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis* ; Extremities* ; Humans ; Neck* ; Stents*

In the article, the 3rd author's affiliation was misspelled.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Empirical evidence is lacking on the cumulative disease burden of obesity and hypertension and its impact on cardiac function and exercise capacity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of obesity and hypertension together was associated with cardiac dysfunction and exercise capacity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Using a retrospective study design, medical records were reviewed for echocardiographic and treadmill exercise stress test data. Subjects were grouped according to four categories: normal control, obese, hypertensive, or obese and hypertensive. RESULTS: Obese, hypertensive persons showed significantly lower Ea and E/A ratio and greater E/Ea ratio, deceleration time, left ventricular (LV) mass, and LV mass index compared to their counter parts (normal control, obese and/or hypertensive) (all p<0.05), after controlling for age and sex. After controlling for age and sex, significant differences in exercise capacity indices were found, with the obese group having shorter exercise time, lower metabolic equivalents, and lower maximal oxygen uptake than the normal control, hypertensive, or both groups (all p<0.05). The hypertensive or obese and hypertensive group had greater maximal blood pressure compared with the normal control group (all p<0.001). Obese and hypertensive persons were approximately three times more likely to have diastolic dysfunction (odd ratio=2.96, p=0.001), when compared to the reference group (normotensive, non-obese, or hypertensive only persons). CONCLUSION: Diastolic dysfunction was associated with obesity and/or hypertension. The cumulative risk of obesity and hypertension and their impact on diastolic dysfunction which could be modifiable could reduce exercise capacity.
Blood Pressure ; Deceleration ; Echocardiography ; Exercise Test ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Medical Records ; Metabolic Equivalent ; Obesity* ; Oxygen ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to report medical care activities of Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT) and medical facilities that responded to the Goyang Bus Terminal fire on May 26, 2014, and to draw improvement of the current disaster medical response system. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed emergency medical service (EMS) run sheet and medical records of patients who visited the emergency department the day of the fire. We also interviewed the officials involved in disaster response. RESULTS: A total of 73 patients participated in this study. Among them, 9 were classified as Emergency, 60 as Non-Emergency, and 4 as Death on arrival (DOA). Fifty one patients visited the nearest hospital, and 17 patients were transported by EMS. DMAT arrived at the scene in 58 minutes, however there was little medical activity. CONCLUSION: Initial Triage and distribution of patients was rather inadequate and DMAT arrived late. For the future, we recommend constant training of the paramedics and leaders of 119, and to mend DMAT requesting and response system.
Allied Health Personnel ; Disasters* ; Emergencies ; Emergency Medical Services ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Fires* ; Humans ; Mass Casualty Incidents ; Medical Assistance ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Triage

PURPOSE: This study describes the disaster medical responses to the disaster scene of long-distance on a highway; 106-vehicle chain collision on Yeong-Jong Grand Bridge on February 11, 2015 and we discuss the disaster communication by social media. METHODS: Records of disaster medical responses from records of relevant organizations and messages of social media were collected. Medical records and the results of triage were reviewed retrospectively. Casualties were categorized into four groups according to results of triage; Red- Yellow-Green-Black. Kappa statistics were used to measure agreement between results of triage and casualties' outcome. RESULTS: Disaster Medical Assistant Team (DMAT) arrived on the scene one hour after accidents occurred. DMAT settled in a temporary base camp in the middle part of the scene and did not build an emergency air shelter. DMATs from four hospitals were separated into four mobile units of DMAT and they joined the rescue team. Disaster communication by social media was useful. Seventy six casualties were transported and two died; 28.9% of casualties were transported to the nearest regional emergency medical center; 20.0% of red casualties were transported to a higher level of care again. Kappa statistics were 0.122 (95% CI, - 0.049~0.291; p=0.094). CONCLUSION: In the disaster scene of long-distance on a highway, adequate location of triage and treatment area may be the front or rear of the scene and separation of DMATs can be helpful. Disaster communication by social media was helpful. Education and policies will be required for more effective triage and dispersion of casualties.
Disasters* ; Education ; Emergencies ; Mass Casualty Incidents ; Medical Assistance ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Social Media* ; Triage*

Monoclonal anti-enrofloxacin antibody was prepared for a direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and purification system using monoclonal antibody (mAb) coupled magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The IC50 values of the developed mAb for enrofloxacin (ENR), ciprofloxacin, difloxacin, sarafloxacin, pefloxacin, and norfloxacin were 5.0, 8.3, 9.7, 21.7, 36.0, and 63.7 ng/mL, respectively. The lowest detectable level of ENR was 0.7 ng/mL in the prepared ELISA system. To validate the developed ELISA in the food matrix, known amounts of ENR were spiked in meat and egg samples at 10, 20 and 30 ng/mL. Recoveries for ENR ranged from 72.9 to 113.16% with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 2.42 to 10.11%. The applicability of the mAb-MNP system was verified by testing the recoveries for ENR residue in three different matrices. Recoveries for ENR ranged from 75.16 to 86.36%, while the CV ranged from 5.08 to 11.53%. Overall, ENR-specific monoclonal antibody was prepared and developed for use in competitive to ELISAs for the detection of ENR in animal meat samples. Furthermore, we suggest that a purification system for ENR using mAb-coupled MNPs could be useful for determination of ENR residue in food.
Animals ; Ciprofloxacin ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay* ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Meat ; Nanoparticles* ; Norfloxacin ; Ovum ; Pefloxacin