Background: Patient safety is a core dimension of healthcare quality and has become a global priority. According to the report by the U.S. Institute of Medicine, between 44,000 and 98,000 deaths occur annually due to medical errors in hospitals. One of the key indicators of patient safety is the Adverse Events (AE), defined as unintended harm to a patient that results from medical care rather than from the underlying disease. The assessment of adverse events is not only a tool for detecting errors but also an active strategy for improving system reliability and safety. Accurate identification of adverse events is therefore essential for enhancing patient safety and serves as a critical performance indicator with financial implications for hospitals. Aim: To determine the incidence of adverse events in referral hospitals and to analyze the relationship between triggers and adverse events. Material and Methods: Data were collected during 2023–2024 from three referral hospitals, the First, Second, and Third State Central Hospitals after obtaining institutional approval. The study was conducted within the framework of the Whole System Measures methodology developed by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), which is internationally used for system-wide performance assessment. Data extraction was performed from electronic health records and inpatient departments, and statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 25. Results: The study identified 8.3% adverse events per 1,000 patient-days, which is 1.66 times higher than the international reference rate. A statistically significant association was observed between the number of triggers and the occurrence of adverse events, indicating that the use of triggers facilitates the active detection of adverse events. Conclusion The incidence of adverse events in tertiary specialized hospitals was found to be higher than international benchmarks. The application of trigger-based active surveillance proved to be an effective method for identifying adverse events and enhancing patient safety monitoring systems.

Background: To strengthen access to health care and services to the population, there is a need to strengthen surveillance-information-control systems based on statistical data and risk-based approaches to disease control. Methods: We have used the report of the Polyclinic Eye cabinet 2016-2018 and the reports of illnesses. Results: In 2016-2018, 12271 people served as policlinic eye cabinets, of which 2935 / 23.9% / male% 9336 / 76.1% / women.. The number of cases of blindness and low vision (H54) was higher than in 2018. Most of the patients were older, while the greater the blindness of the cataract. Conclusions Eye-to-eye function is not in the best condition for current illnesses and needs, therefore, it is necessary to establish a eye center for further diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases

Background: Eye diseases constitute one of the common health problems presenting to the general practice clinic and could have significant socioeconomic consequences Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of different eye diseases among patients attending the Ophthalmic Outpatient Clinic of the Second General Hospital of Mongolia from 2016 to 2018. Methods: This study was carried out on 12271 patients recruited from the ophthalmic outpatient clinic of the Second General Hospital of Mongolia. The study was performed from January 2016 to December 2018. All participants were subjected to fulfilling a demographic data, a detailed ophthalmological history and a complete Ophthalmological Examination. Results and conclusions Cataract are the most common eye disease among the study group followed by the refractive error and glaucoma. The prevalence of blindness and low vision was higher in elder groups and the leading cause of bilateral blindness were glaucoma. To decrease the incidence and prevalence of ocular morbidity, it is necessary to establish an eye center in the community

BACKGROUND. To introduce a new electronic technology which is mobile-based ophthalmoscope to the clinical practice for the patients with diabetes and hypertension. MATERIAL AND METHODS. There are 32 participants who were diagnosed with hypertension (blood pressure measured more than 140/90 mm Hg three times a month or for 2 weeks) participated in our study. We selected the patients with type II diabetes and hypertension who were referred to the RTW diabetes center. RESULTS. In the hypertensive group, based on Keith Wagener Barker (KWB) Grades, there are 1st and 2nd degree retinopathy cases are more common and it increases with the age. In the diabetic group, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy is diagnosed among the patients aged above 60 years old and it correlates with the duration of disease.

Introduction. An uncommon complication of radial arterial blood sampling/cannulation is disruption ofthe artery (obstruction by clot), placing the hand at risk of ischemia. Those people who lack the dualsupply are at much greater risk of ischemia. The risk can be reduced by performing Allen’s test beforehand. People who have a single blood supply in one hand often have a dual supply in the other, allowingthe practitioner to take blood from the side with dual supply.The utility of the Allen’s test is questionable,[1] and no direct correlation with reduced ischemiccomplications of radial artery cannulation have ever been proven. In 1983, Slogoff and colleaguesreviewed 1,782 radial artery cannulations and found that 25% of them resulted in complete radial arteryocclusion, without apparent adverse effects.[2] A number of reports have been published in whichpermanent ischemic sequelae occurred even in the presence of a normal Allen’s test.[3, 4] In addition,the results of Allen’s tests do not appear to correlate with distal blood flow as demonstrated by fluorescein dye injections.[5, 6]Goal. Transradial coronary catheterization across the whole spectrum of Allen’s test results was safeand feasible to address the current uncertainty about the predictive capacity of the Allen’s test fortransradial access.Materials and Methods: This type of descriptive research methods. The patients assisted by SSCHand there were between the ages of 54-88, totally 28 patients. The hand is elevated and the patient/person is asked to make a fist for about 30 seconds.Pressure is applied over the ulnar and the radial arteries so as to occlude both of them.Still elevated, the hand is then opened. It should appear blanched (pallor can be observed at the fingernails). Ulnar pressure is released and the color should return in 7 seconds. If color returns as describedabove, the Allen’s test is considered to be “POSITIVE.” If color fails to return, the test is considered“NEGATIVE” and the ulnar artery supply to the hand is not sufficient. The radial artery therefore cannotbe safely pricked/cannulated.ResultPatients with non-normal Allen’s test results 32.1%.There weren’t any correlation of probability between positive Allen’s test and myocardial infarction, postPCI procedure (p value >0.05).There were correlation of probability between positive Allen’s test and dyslipidemia, DM (p value<0.05).Conclusion:1. We need perform Allen’s test indispensably when transradial coronary catheterization, becausethere were positive Allen’s test not small percent.2. There aren’t additional risk with old myocardial infarction and post PCI procedure patients, becausethere weren’t any correlation.3. There were correlation of probability between positive Allen’s test and dyslipidemia, DM. Thereforedoctors should select artery femoralis if patient have dyslipidemia and DM.