OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the partial biomechanical properties of the posterior occipital muscles (rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, and obliquus capitis inferior) in patients with cervical vertigo. METHODS: A total of 30 patients with cervical vertigo admitted from April 2024 to September 2024 were included in the vertigo group, and 30 age-and gender-matched healthy subjects were recruited as the normal group. In the vertigo group, there were 21 females and 9 males, with an average age of (24.00±2.25) years;in the normal group, there were 22 females and 8 males, with an average age of (23.00±3.00) years. Shear wave elastography was used to measure the thickness and stiffness of the posterior occipital muscles in both groups. RESULTS: In the vertigo group, there were no statistically significant differences in the Young's modulus values (E) of stiffness of the posterior occipital muscles (rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis inferior) between the left and right sides(P>0.05). The Young's modulus values(E) of stiffness of the right posterior occipital muscles (rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis inferior) in the cervical vertigo group were (39.66±8.21) kPa, (45.61±5.85) kPa, and (43.73±5.22) kPa, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the normal group 33.97(17.76) kPa, 41.38(8.99) kPa, 38.27(12.58) kPa, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). In the vertigo group, the Young's modulus values(E) of stiffness of the left rectus capitis posterior major and left obliquus capitis inferior were (40.41±9.13) kPa and (42.11±6.20) kPa, respectively, which were significantly greater than those in the normal group (33.30±11.31) kPa, 38.94(14.62) kPa, with statistically significant differences(P<0.05);however, there was no statistically significant difference in the left rectus capitis posterior minor between the two groups(P>0.05). In the vertigo group, there were no statistically significant differences in the stiffness of the posterior occipital muscles (rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis inferior) between the left and right sides(P>0.05). Additionally, there were no statistically significant differences in the thickness of the bilateral posterior occipital muscles between the vertigo group and the normal group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The posterior occipital muscles of patients with cervical vertigo are stiffer than those of healthy individuals, while there is no significant difference in muscle thickness between the two groups.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Elasticity Imaging Techniques/methods* ; Adult ; Vertigo/physiopathology* ; Neck Muscles/physiopathology* ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of the direct stimulation of acupuncture at extraocular muscle attachment point on acquired extraocular muscle palsy. METHODS: Thirteen patients with acquired extraocular muscle palsy were treated with acupuncture directly at extraocular muscle (paralytic muscle) attachment point. Firstly, the intraocular conjunctival sac drops of topical anesthetic (procaine hydrochloride eye drops) were administered, 0.2 mL each time, once every 10 minutes, for a total of 3 times. Acupuncture was delivered immediately after the third drop. The sterile acupuncture needle for single use, 0.25 mm×25 mm, was inserted at the anatomical location of the corneal limbal attachment of paralytic extraocular muscle, with an angle of 10° to 15° formed between the needle tip and extraocular muscle, and a depth of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm. Pivoted by the needle tip, the eyeball was moved passively towards the direction of normal action of orbital muscle, 30 to 50 times until the patient felt soreness of the eyeball; afterwards, the needle was removed. After acupuncture, levofloxacin eye drops were administered once (0.2 mL) at the affected eye. The treatment was given twice a week, and completed when diplopia disappeared. Before and after treatment, the diplopia and the synoptophore circumference were observed respectively. RESULTS: After 7 to 24 (15.46±5.56) times of direct stimulation with acupuncture at extraocular muscle attachment point, the symptoms of diplopia disappeared in 13 patients, the eye position restored to orthophoria, and the circumference of synoptophore was reduced to be (4.04±0.82)° from (19.38±3.98)° detected before treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Acupuncture directly at extraocular muscle attachment can attenuate diplopia and improve ocular muscle function in patients with acquired extraocular muscle palsy.
Humans ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Oculomotor Muscles/physiopathology* ; Aged ; Acupuncture Points ; Ophthalmoplegia/physiopathology*

Objective To evaluate the effects of knee flexor and extensor strength on the subjective function and motor performance of knees after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods A total of 53 patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the National Institute of Sports Medicine,General Administration of Sport of China from June 2015 to June 2021 and met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study.The patients were followed up time for at least 2 years.An isometric muscle strength test system was used to measure the strength of bilateral quadriceps and hamstring muscles.The patients were grouped according to whether the limb symmetry index (LSI) of peak torque of quadriceps and hamstring muscle reached 85% at an angular velocity of 60°/s.Specifically,26 patients were classified into group A (LSI≥85%) and 27 patients were classified into group B (LSI<85%).The subjective function and motor performance of knees were compared between the two groups. Results In terms of subjective function of knees,the international knee documentation committee (IKDC) score (88.76±9.93 vs. 81.08±12.57,P=0.017) and knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) (86.27±8.96 vs. 80.22±11.31,P=0.036) were different between groups A and B.There was no significant difference in Lysholm score [95.0 (79.8,100.00) vs. 86.00 (66.00,100.00),P=0.238],ACL return to sports after injury scale score (66.08±22.25 vs. 61.12±23.53,P=0.434),Marx score [6.00 (4.75,7.00) vs. 6.00 (4.00,7.00),P=0.805] or Tegner activity score [8.00 (4.00,12.00) vs. 4.00 (2.00,12.00),P=0.566] between the two groups.In terms of motor performance,the single-leg triple hop LSI (0.92±0.13 vs. 0.81±0.18,P=0.016) and single-leg crossover hop LSI (0.96±0.12 vs. 0.84±0.22,P=0.021) showed significant differences between groups A and B,while there was no significant difference in single-leg hop LSI (0.90±0.18 vs. 0.79±0.25,P=0.116) between the two groups.In addition,there was no statistical significance in proprioception [30°:8.83±4.66 vs. 10.73±4.63,P=0.143;45°:6.94±3.82 vs. 7.66±3.93,P=0.504;60°:4.10 (3.20,4.72) vs. 3.90 (2.30,5.20),P=0.493] or Y-balance test results [anterior LSI:0.98 (0.84,1.02) vs. 0.94 (0.86,0.98),P=0.328;posterolateral LSI:1.00±0.08 vs. 0.97±0.07,P=0.249;posteromedial LSI:1.00 (0.97,1.03) vs. 0.96 (0.93,1.03),P=0.179] between groups A and B. Conclusion The patients with good symmetry of quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction had better subjective function and movement performance of knees than the patients with poor symmetry,which was mainly reflected in the IKDC score,KOOS,single-leg triple hop,and single-leg crossover hop.
Humans ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ; Muscle Strength/physiology* ; Male ; Quadriceps Muscle/physiology* ; Female ; Adult ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/physiopathology* ; Hamstring Muscles/physiopathology* ; Knee Joint/physiopathology* ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament/physiopathology* ; Torque ; Knee/physiopathology*

Objective: To expore the correlation between neck disability, neck pain and muscle strength in cervical pondylosis of office worker, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of cervical spondylosis. Methods: In April 2021 ,234 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy treated in the Subsidiary Rehabilitation Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2015 to April 2017 were selected, the correlation between Neck Disability Index (NDI) score, neck pain and muscle strength was analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation method. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the difference of maximum muscle strength of isometric contraction. Results: NDI score was negatively correlated with neck flexion, extension, and muscle strength in the left and right flexion directions (r(s)=-0.164, -0.169, -0.222, -0.176, P=0.012, 0.010, 0.001 , 0.007). In mild and moderate functional disorder patients, the muscle strength in flexion, extension and left and right flexion direction was greater, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion: There is a negative correlation between cervical functional disorder and cervical muscle strength in office workers, suggesting that strengthening cervical muscle strength may be a way to improve cervical spine function.
Cervical Vertebrae ; Humans ; Muscle Strength/physiology* ; Neck Muscles/physiology* ; Neck Pain/physiopathology* ; Occupational Diseases/physiopathology* ; Range of Motion, Articular/physiology* ; Spondylosis/physiopathology*

PURPOSE: Whiplash associated disorders remain a major health problem in terms of impact on health care and on societal costs. Aetiology remains controversial including the old supposition that the cervical muscles do not play a significant role. This study examined the muscle activity from relevant muscles during rear-end impacts in an effort to gauge their influence on the aetiology of whiplash associated disorders. METHODS: Volunteers were subjected to a sub-injury level of rear impact. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to record cervical muscle activity before, during and after impact. Muscle response time and EMG signal amplitude were analysed. Head, pelvis, and T1 acceleration data were recorded. RESULTS: The activities of the cervical muscles were found to be significant. The sternocleidomastoideus, trapezius and erector spinae were activated on average 59 ms, 73 ms and 84 ms after the impact stimulus, respectively, prior to peak head acceleration (113 ms). CONCLUSION The cervical muscles reacted prior to peak head acceleration, thus in time to influence whiplash biomechanics and possibly injury mechanisms. It is recommended therefore, that muscular influences be incorporated into the development of the new rear-impact crash test dummy in order to make the dummy as biofidelic as possible.
Acceleration ; Accidents, Traffic ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Electromyography ; Head ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Neck Muscles ; physiopathology ; Reaction Time ; Whiplash Injuries ; etiology ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of suspension exercise training on motor and balance functions in children with spastic cerebral palsy.

METHODSA total of 97 children with spastic cerebral palsy were randomly divided into an observation group with 49 children and a control group with 48 children. Both groups were given routine rehabilitation training, and the children in the observation group were given suspension exercise training in addition. The scores of the D and E domains of the 88-item version of the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were recorded before treatment and at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Surface electromyography was performed to observe the changes in the root mean square (RMS) of surface electromyogram signals of the adductor muscle and the gastrocnemius muscle.

RESULTSOver the time of treatment, both groups had varying degrees of improvement in the scores of the D and E domains of GMFM-88 and BBS. Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly greater improvements in D and E functional areas and balance function (P<0.05). Both groups had reductions in the RMS of the surface electromyogram signals of the adductor muscle and the gastrocnemius muscle over the time of treatment, and the observation group had significantly greater reductions than the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSSuspension exercise training can effectively improve the motor and balance functions of children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Cerebral Palsy ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Muscles ; physiopathology

Deglutition ; physiology ; Deglutition Disorders ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Muscles ; physiopathology ; Stroke ; physiopathology ; Viscosity

OBJECTIVES: To identify diagnostic value of laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) in differentiating vocal fold paralysis (VFP) from arytenoid dislocation. METHODS: The history, laryngeal morphologic characteristics and LEMG of 36 patients with VFP and 10 patients with arytenoid dislocation were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: The most common cause of 36 VFP patients was surgical damage (24 cases), and the most common cause of 10 arytenoid dislocation patients was history of endotracheal intubation (9 cases). There was no statistical difference between the vocal fold and the fixed position of the vocal fold between the group of VFP patients and arytenoid dislocation patients. In the patients with VFP, 33 VFP patients (91.67%) had decreased recruitment; 9 cases (9/13) of denervation potential and 8 cases (8/9) of regeneration potential occurred within 1-6 months of the course of disease; 3 cases (3/4) of synkinesis occurred in the course of disease more than 6 months. In the patients with VFP, the amplitude (<0.01) and turns (<0.05) of thyroarytenoid muscles significantly decreased in the lesioned side comparing to the normal one, but the turns/amplitude ratio showed no statistical difference. In the patients with superior laryngeal nerve injury, the turns and amplitude analysis of cricothyroid muscles showed no statistical difference. All of 10 patients with arytenoid dislocation showed normal LEMG patterns. CONCLUSIONS LEMG can be used to differentiate the patients with vocal cord paralysis from arthrodesis dislocation, and can also carry out quantitative analysis to provide valuable help for the diagnosis.
Arytenoid Cartilage ; Electromyography ; Humans ; Laryngeal Muscles ; physiopathology ; Vocal Cord Paralysis ; diagnosis ; Vocal Cords

Adolescent ; Brachial Plexus ; physiopathology ; Encephalitis ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Facial Muscles ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male

The efficacy of acupuncture for pain diseases is significant, however, the unified understanding re garding mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia has not been fully reached. In this paper, it is believed that uncoordi nated muscle movement is one of the important causes for pain, while acupuncture could enhance the contact of nerve cells and improve the synergy of muscle movement, so as to achieve the aim of pain relief and even cure.
Acupuncture Analgesia ; Humans ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscles ; physiopathology ; Pain Management