Objective: To investigate the clinicopathologic and molecular genetic characteristics, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of histiocyte-rich rhabdomyoblastic tumor (HRRMT). Methods: The clinical data of two cases of HRRMT diagnosed in Fujian Provincial Hospital and Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated People's Hospital from 2020 to 2021 were collected. Histopathology and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining were used to assess morphological changes; the genetic changes were analyzed with next-generation sequencing. The relevant literature was reviewed. Results: Both cases showed well-defined solid nodules and soft masses. Microscopically, the tumors had a fibrous pseudocapsule with lymphocytic aggregation, and locally invaded the surrounding skeletal muscle tissue, and the tumor cells were fusiform to epithelioid with an intensive foamy histiocytic infiltrate. No necrosis or mitosis was observed. Immunophenotyping showed the tumor cells were positive for desmin, either one or both skeletal muscle markers (myogenin or MyoD1), and negative for h-caldesmon, ALK and SMA. The Ki-67 index was<5%. Using next-generation sequencing, one case was found to harbour KRAS (G12D) and MSH3 (Q470^*) mutations. Conclusions: HRRMT is a newly described skeletal muscle tumor with uncertain malignant potential. Its diagnosis and differential diagnosis depend on morphologic and IHC staining. No specific molecular genetics changes have been identified so far.
Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Histiocytes/pathology* ; Humans ; Molecular Biology ; Muscle Neoplasms/pathology* ; Prognosis

Biomarkers, Tumor ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Lipoma/genetics* ; Liposarcoma ; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue/surgery*

Adolescent ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Buttocks ; pathology ; Humans ; Muscle Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Muscle, Skeletal ; pathology ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular ; diagnosis

Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) was first described in 1982 by Goldstein. Considered a rare malignant skin appendageal tumor, it is often underdiagnosed due to its clinical and histopathological resemblance to other cutaneous neoplasms. MAC is locally aggressive with infiltration of perineural spaces, subcutaneous tissue, skeletal muscles, and so on. Aggressive treatment including wide local excision, Mohs micrographic surgery, or radiation therapy is necessary owing to the high recurrence rate. Herein, we report a case of a 47-year-old Korean woman with a skin-colored hardened plaque on the scalp with a clinical diagnosis of cicatricial alopecia and histopathological diagnosis of MAC. After treatment by Mohs micrographic surgery, the patient is being followed up regularly without any sign of recurrence. This case demonstrates an uncommon topography of MAC on the scalp with secondary cicatricial alopecia and highlights the need for awareness of the potential for MAC in the diagnosis of alopecia with a slow-growing tumor.
Alopecia* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mohs Surgery ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Pathology ; Recurrence ; Scalp ; Skin ; Skin Neoplasms ; Subcutaneous Tissue

Biopsy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nerve Sheath Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Recurrence ; Sciatic Nerve ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

A primary benign schwannoma of the liver is extremely rare. Only 30 cases have been reported in the medical literature worldwide, and only one case has been reported in Korea previously. A 56-year-old man was admitted to Gil Medical Center with incidental findings of a hepatic mass by abdominal computed tomography. The computed tomography and magnetic resonance image revealed a 3×2 cm-sized solid mass in the left lobe of the liver. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a benign schwannoma, proven by positive immunoreaction with the neurogenic marker S-100 protein and a negative response to CD34, CD117, and smooth muscle actin. We report a primary benign schwannoma of the liver and review the literature.
Actins ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Korea ; Liver ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neurilemmoma* ; Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms ; S100 Proteins

A mammary-type myofibroblastoma is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm composed of spindle cells initially described to occur in the breast. However, they also arise at extra-mammary sites including the inguinal area, breast, chest wall/axilla, trunk, upper and lower extremities, and head and neck regions. In particular, mammary-type myofibroblastoma of the head and neck are extremely rare and may occur at any age. Immunohistochemically, it is typically CD34 and desmin positive. Currently, complete excision is considered as the first line treatment and recurrence of the tumor is rare. We experienced a 41-year-old man who visited with 1 cm sized firm mass of the tongue. The mass was resected and tissue biopsy revealed a diagnosis of mammary-type myofibroblastoma. Herein we report a rare case of mammary-type myofibroblastoma of the tongue with a review of the literature.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Breast ; Desmin ; Diagnosis ; Head ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Neck ; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue ; Recurrence ; Thorax ; Tongue

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should be considered in any patient who has dyspnea, chronic cough or sputum production, and/or a history of exposure to risk factors for the disease, such as cigarette smoking, biomass exposure, and occupational dust. Spirometry is required to make the diagnosis, and a post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ratio < 0.7 confirms the presence of persistent airflow limitation. The goal of COPD assessment is to determine the severity of the disease, including the severity of airflow limitation, the impact of the disease on the patient's health status, the risk of future events (such as exacerbations, hospital admission, or death), and comorbidities in order to guide therapy. Concomitant chronic diseases occur frequently in COPD patients, including cardiovascular disease, skeletal muscle dysfunction, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, depression, anxiety, and lung cancer. These comorbidities should be actively surveilled and treated appropriately when present, as they can independently influence mortality and hospitalization. Above all, further efforts are required to increase the diagnosis rate of COPD in Korea.
Anxiety ; Biomass ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Chronic Disease ; Comorbidity ; Cough ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Dust ; Dyspnea ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Korea ; Lung Neoplasms ; Mortality ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Osteoporosis ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Spirometry ; Sputum ; Vital Capacity

PURPOSE: This study evaluated midterm changes in body composition after open distal gastrectomy for early gastric cancer. METHODS: Data from 138 gastric cancer patients who underwent open distal gastrectomy at Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital between January 2011 and December 2012 were collected and reviewed. Patients with pathological stage I gastric cancer and with no comorbidities at diagnosis were enrolled. Body composition data from segmental multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis were obtained preoperatively and at 1, 2, and 3 years after surgery. RESULTS: The mean body weight losses at 1 and 3 years after surgery were 6.1 kg and 5.8 kg, respectively (P < 0.001). The protein mass, skeletal muscle mass, and fat-free mass decreased continuously until 3 years after surgery (0.5 kg, 1.6 kg, and 2.4 kg, respectively; P < 0.001). The average body fat mass and visceral fat area loss at 1 year after surgery were 4.7 kg and 20.5 cm2, respectively (P < 0.001). After 1 postoperative year, the body fat mass and visceral fat areas increased continuously, up to 12.2 kg and 74.2 cm2 at 3 years after surgery, respectively (+1.4 kg and +1.2 cm2, respectively). CONCLUSION: More intense nutritional and exercise programs may be important after gastric cancer surgery, especially during the first postoperative year.
Adipose Tissue ; Body Composition* ; Body Weight ; Comorbidity ; Diagnosis ; Electric Impedance ; Gastrectomy* ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Stomach Neoplasms*