The paper discusses the scientific connotation of"heart and brain co-dominating the mind",including the connotation of"heart and brain co-dominating the mind"in traditional Chinese medicine and the physiological and pathological relationship be-tween heart and brain in modern medicine.Based on the understanding of"heart and brain co-dominating the mind",this paper be-lieves that"restlessness of mind"is the core pathogenesis of insomnia,and regulating mind is the key to the acupuncture and moxibus-tion treatment of insomnia.The autonomic nervous system(ANS)is a bridge connecting the heart and brain,and is closely related to the central anatomy,neurotransmitters and physiological rhythms of sleep.The imbalance of ANS is highly consistent with the patho-genesis of"heart and brain restlessness"in traditional Chinese medicine.The Governor Vessel runs through the brain and the heart,and the"Governor Vessel regulating spirit acupuncture"can communicate the heart and brain,regulate ANS function,and thus im-prove sleep quality.

The paper discusses the scientific connotation of"heart and brain co-dominating the mind",including the connotation of"heart and brain co-dominating the mind"in traditional Chinese medicine and the physiological and pathological relationship be-tween heart and brain in modern medicine.Based on the understanding of"heart and brain co-dominating the mind",this paper be-lieves that"restlessness of mind"is the core pathogenesis of insomnia,and regulating mind is the key to the acupuncture and moxibus-tion treatment of insomnia.The autonomic nervous system(ANS)is a bridge connecting the heart and brain,and is closely related to the central anatomy,neurotransmitters and physiological rhythms of sleep.The imbalance of ANS is highly consistent with the patho-genesis of"heart and brain restlessness"in traditional Chinese medicine.The Governor Vessel runs through the brain and the heart,and the"Governor Vessel regulating spirit acupuncture"can communicate the heart and brain,regulate ANS function,and thus im-prove sleep quality.

Objective To investigate the value of dermoscopy in differential diagnosis of actinic keratosis (AK).Methods Pathologically confirmed facial AK lesions were selected from the dermoscopic database of Peking University Third Hospital,and served as case group.At the same time,the facial lesions of other diseases were selected and served as control group,which were firstly suspected to be AK,but pathologically confirmed as other diseases.Dermoscopic features were compared between the two groups.Diagnostic test was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of dermoscopy for AK,based on the gold standard pathological examination.Results There were 43 facial AK lesions in the case group and 22 facial lesions of other diseases in the control group.Eight dermoscopic features were observed more frequently in the case group than in the control group (all P ＜ 0.05),including a background erythema and red pseudonetwork (88.37％ [38/43] vs.36.36％ [8/22]),hair follicle openings surrounded by a white halo (90.70％ [39/43] vs.36.36％[8/22]),hair follicle openings filled with yellowish keratotic plugs (95.35％ [41/43] vs.45.45％ [10/22]),white to yellow surface scales or keratin mass (97.67％ [42/43] vs.72.73％[16/22]),rosette sign (60.47％ [26/43] vs.22.73％ [5/22]),large irregular linear vessels surrounding the hair follicles (44.19％ [19/43] vs.18.18％ [4/22]),fine,linear-wavy vessels surrounding the hair follicles (67.44％ [29/43] vs.36.36％ [8/22]) and peripheral pigmentation (32.56％ [14/43] vs.4.55％ [1/22]).Among the above eight dermoscopic features,hair follicle openings surrounded by a white halo,a background erythema and red pseudonetwork,hair follicle openings filled with yellowish keratotic plugs and rosette sign showed higher Youden's indices of 0.54,0.52,0.50 and 0.38 respectively,white to yellow surface scales or keratin mass showed the highest sensitivity of 97.67％,and peripheral pigmentation showed the highest specificity of 95.45％.The combination of 3 features (including a background erythema and red pseudonetwork,hair follicle openings surrounded by a white halo and follicular plugs) showed the highest diagnostic value,and the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and Youden's index of the combination were 90.70％,81.82％,90.70％,81.82％ and 0.73,respectively,with the coincidence rate between dermoscopy and pathological diagnosis being 80.00％.Conclusion Facial AK shows characteristic dermoscopy patterns,and the combination of the 3 features (a background erythema and red pseudonetwork,hair follicle openings surrounded by a white halo and follicular plugs) shows the highest diagnostic value for AK.