This study provides explorative insights into the information and communication technology (ICT) for promoting the physical activity level. ICT has provided innovative ideas and perspectives for PA measurement, assessment, evaluation and health intervention. ICT that aims to increase exercise for the entire population should be of a well-oriented and easy-to-use design with the options of tailored and personalized feedback, coaching, and ranking and supporting; it should be capable of setting goals and working with a schedule and be accompanied by a website to provide overviews of the users' exercise results and progress.
Exercise ; psychology ; Health Behavior ; Health Education ; methods ; Health Promotion ; methods ; Humans ; Internet ; Mobile Applications ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; methods ; Smartphone

Pulse contour cardiac output (PiCCO) monitoring is a new type of invasive hemodynamic monitoring technology, which is more and more often applied in perioperative period and the patients suffering from multiple injuries, septic shock, and extensive burn. With PiCCO one is able to monitor patients' hemodynamic indexes safely, timely, accurately, and continuously to provide reference for judgment of patients' condition and proper quality and quantity of fluid administration. This technique has a good prospect in clinical application.
Cardiac Output ; physiology ; Fluid Therapy ; methods ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation

Integrating physiological parameters measurement into mobile devices is a development tendency of mobile healthcare. Measurement methods for skin moisture and body fat content are studied in this paper. Electrodes are designed for easy integration into mobile devices, and can be embedded in the cover of the mobile phone. Experiments were conducted to obtain a fast and easy measurement method. The results of evaluation show that the measurement system can achieve the same accuracy as commercial products (with correlation above 0.9 and root mean squared error below 4%) in skin moisture and body fat content measurement. Measurement of local-area body fat content showed a nearly linear positive correlation between local-area body fat content and local-area body impedance.
Adipose Tissue ; Adiposity ; Humans ; Mobile Applications ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; methods ; Skin Physiological Phenomena ; Skinfold Thickness

Cardiac output (CO) monitoring is a crucial part of the hemodynamic status monitoring. So far, thermodilution method, which is clinically recognized as the gold standard method to monitor cardiac output, still has irreplaceable advantages. This paper mainly introduces the use of platform for cardiac output measurement based on thermodilution method, mainly including three parts: the hardware platform, software design and algorithm process. A large amount of test data of this system has been got by CO simulator testing in the laboratory and preliminary clinical tests in the hospital. The testing result showed that using the proposed system can achieve good accuracy and repeatability.
Algorithms ; Cardiac Output ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; methods ; Thermodilution

To investigate the modulation effects of breathing movement on cardiovascular system and to study the physiological coupling relationship between respiration and cardiovascular system, we designed a comprehensive testing system for cardiorespiratory interaction research. This system, comprising three parts, i. e. physiological signal conditioning unit, data acquisition and USB medical isolation unit, and a PC based program, can acquire multiple physiological data such as respiratory flow, rib cage and abdomen movement, electrocardiograph, artery pulse wave, cardiac sounds, skin temperature, and electromyography simultaneously under certain experimental protocols. Furthermore this system can be used in research on short-term cardiovascular variability by paced breathing. Preliminary experiments showed that this system could accurately record rib cage and abdomen movement under very low breathing rate, using respiratory inductive plethysmography to acquire respiration signal in direct-current coupling mode. After calibration, this system can be used to estimate ventilation non-intrusively and correctly. The PC based program can generate audio and visual biofeedback signal, and guide the volunteers to perform a slow and regular breathing. An experiment on healthy volunteers showed that this system was able to guide the volunteers to do slow breathing effectively and simultaneously record multiple physiological data during the experiments. Signal processing techniques were used for off-line data analysis, such as non-invasive ventilation calibration, QRS complex wave detection, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia and pulse wave transit time calculation. The experiment result showed that the modulation effect on RR interval, respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), pulse wave transit time (PWTT) by respiration would get stronger with the going of the slow and regular breathing.
Algorithms ; Artifacts ; Autonomic Nervous System ; physiopathology ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Electrocardiography ; Equipment Design ; Heart ; physiology ; Humans ; Lung ; physiology ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; methods ; Respiration ; Respiratory Mechanics ; physiology

We have developed a new wrist wearing heart rate monitoring alarm apparatus, which can detect the patients' real-time pulse waves. When the abnormal heart rate appears or pulse disappears, the monitoring alarm will sound and dial the remote telephone for help simultaneously. This apparatus uses the switch circuit to control the keyboard of mobile phone, and dials remote telephone in the help of mature technology and communication platform of mobile phones. The intelligent program can distinguish digital pulse signal, pick out the correct cycle of heartbeat intelligently. The new wrist wearing heart rate monitoring alarm apparatus will calculate an average heart rate when it captures consecutively five correct electrocardiograph waveforms. It really provides a simple, inexpensive and effective way for the patients with heart disease.
Automation ; Equipment Design ; Heart Rate ; physiology ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; methods ; Pulse ; Remote Sensing Technology ; instrumentation ; methods ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Telemetry ; instrumentation ; methods

It is of great clinical significance to investigate noninvasive glucose detection. As one of the most potential methods, the noninvasive glucose detection based on near-infrared has become a hot research area recently. In this paper the principles and research methods of noninvasive glucose detection based on near-infrared spectrum are introduced. With the comparison between the research status at home and abroad in recent years, we summarize and discuss crucial issues in near-infrared noninvasive glucose detection, such as the selection of measurement method, selection of measurement position and choice of wavelength, and, furthermore, setting up models.
Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Diabetes Mellitus ; blood ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; methods ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; instrumentation ; methods

The electro-optic technique of measuring the cardiovascular pulse wave, known as photoplethysmography (PPG), is clinically utilised for noninvasive characterisation of physiological components by dynamic monitoring of tissue optical absorption. Non-invasive PPG technology has been used in a wide range of individual, home or public health monitoring. The application of PPG has become one of the hot topics in the fields of biomedical engineering recently. This paper reviews the optical origins of PPG signal, the feature of PPG technology, the applications of PPG in physiological measurements and its development in the future.
Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; methods ; Photoplethysmography ; instrumentation ; methods ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

This study designed an audio signal acquisition system to achieve real-time detection of R peak for heart rate variability (HRV) analysis, substituting ECG-specific data acquisition board with sound card. It is proved that the R peak with low frequency can be gathered by sound card. The comparison with PowerLab signal acquisition system has shown that the acquisition system of R peak could accurately detect the R peak. The R peak detected by sound card and PowerLab signal acquisition system completely overlap each other, while RR intervals has no difference. The HRV analysis was accurate and reliable with the RR interval from sound card. This low cost, high performance, strong compatibility and easy upgraded acquisition system of R peak compared with the traditional data acquisition board has the value of practical uses and might have broad applications in the future.
Algorithms ; Electrocardiography ; methods ; Heart Rate ; physiology ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Sound

OBJECTIVETo assess agreement between the ultrasonic cardiac output monitor (USCOM) and conventional echocardiography (ECHO) in the measurement of cardiac output in newborn infants, investigate the accuracy and clinical utility of the USCOM in healthy neonates. To explore a more convenient, faster, more accurate hemodynamic monitoring method, for improving the outcome of the critically ill neonates.

METHODFrom October 1(st), 2011 to March 31(st), 2012, a total of 49 infants were included, 20 were term infants, 29 were preterm infants. Cardiac outputs were measured by both ultrasonic cardiac output monitor and echocardiography in all the infants, 60 times measurements were done in both the term infants the preterm infants. The cardiac output of the left and right ventricles, heart rate, diameter and velocity time integral of the aortic valve and pulmonary artery valve of each infant were recorded. The consistency of two methods was analyzed as described by Bland-Altman.

RESULTTerm the term infant group includea 20 term infants, 11 were male and 9 were female, the mean gestational age were (38.1 ± 0.56) weeks, mean age were (2 ± 1) days, mean weight were (3.2 ± 0.29) kg, mean Apgar score were 10. The mean left ventricular output measured by Echo was (242.3 ± 38.9) ml/(kg·min), measured by USCOM was (211.7 ± 38.5) ml/(kg·min); The mean right ventricular output measured by ECHO was (318.9 ± 47.0) ml/(kg·min), measured by USCOM was (340.7 ± 76) ml/(kg·min). Agreement between Echo and USCOM for left ventricular output (LVO) was (bias, ± limits of agreement, mean % error): (30.6 ± 51.1) ml/(kg·min), 21%, and for right ventricular output (RVO): (-21.8 ± 105) ml/(kg·min), 33.2%. The diameter of the aortic valve and pulmonary artery valve measured by conventional echocardiography were significantly larger than that estimated by ultrasonic cardiac output monitor (P < 0.001). The velocity time integral of the pulmonary artery valve measured by ultrasonic cardiac output monitor were significantly larger than measured by conventional echocardiography (P < 0.001). The heart rate, velocity time integral of the aortic valve measured by two methods had no significant differences (P > 0.05). The preterm neonates group included 29 preterm infants, 18 were male and 11 were female, the mean gestational age were (32.6 ± 2.8) weeks, mean age were (2 ± 1) days, mean weight were (1.88 ± 0.57) kg. All the infants were diagnosis as preterm infant, low birth weight. The mean left ventricular output measured by ECHO was (259.8 ± 70) ml/(kg·min), measured by USCOM was (235.6 ± 61.8) ml/(kg·min), the mean right ventricular output measured by ECHO was (318.9 ± 47.0) ml/(kg·min), measured by USCOM was (340.7 ± 76) ml/(kg·min). Agreement between Echo and USCOM for left ventricular output (LVO) was (bias, ± limits of agreement, mean % error): (24.1 ± 71.2) ml/(kg·min), 27.4%, and for right ventricular output (RVO): (-29.5 ± 192.9) ml/(kg·min), 51.8%. The diameter of the aortic valve and pulmonary artery valve measured by conventional echocardiography were significantly larger than estimated by ultrasonic cardiac output monitor (P < 0.001). The velocity time integral of the pulmonary artery valve measured by USCOM were significantly larger than that measured by conventional echocardiography (P < 0.001). The heart rate, velocity time integral of the aortic valve measured by two methods had no significant differences (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAgreement between USCOM and conventional ECHO in the LVO measurement is acceptable, both in the term group and the preterm group. LVO measurement measured by USCOM is recommended. The accuracy and clinical utility of the USCOM in neonates is acceptable. USCOM is a convenient, fast and accurate hemodynamic monitoring method in neonates. While the agreement between USCOM and conventional ECHO in the RVO measurement is poor, especially in the preterm group, the results of the RVO cannot be considered interchangeable in the two methods.

Cardiac Output ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; instrumentation ; methods ; Female ; Heart Rate ; physiology ; Hemodynamics ; physiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Male ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; methods ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ventricular Function ; physiology